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Rumi's Secret: The Life of the Sufi Poet of Love

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The acclaimed New York Times bestselling author of Smash Cut, Flannery, and City Poet delivers the first popular biography of Rumi, the thirteenth-century Persian poet revered by contemporary Western readers.

Ecstatic love poems of Rumi, a Persian poet and Sufi mystic born over eight centuries ago, are beloved by millions of readers in America as well as around the world. He has been compared to Shakespeare for his outpouring of creativity and to Saint Francis of Assisi for his spiritual wisdom. Yet his life has long remained the stuff of legend rather than intimate knowledge.

In this breakthrough biography, Brad Gooch brilliantly brings to life the man and puts a face to the name Rumi, vividly coloring in his time and place—a world as rife with conflict as our own. The map of Rumi’s life stretched over 2,500 miles. Gooch traces this epic journey from Central Asia, where Rumi was born in 1207, traveling with his family, displaced by Mongol terror, to settle in Konya, Turkey. Pivotal was the disruptive appearance of Shams of Tabriz, who taught him to whirl and transformed him from a respectable Muslim preacher into a poet and mystic. Their vital connection as teacher and pupil, friend and beloved, is one of the world’s greatest spiritual love stories. When Shams disappeared, Rumi coped with the pain of separation by composing joyous poems of reunion, both human and divine.

Ambitious, bold, and beautifully written, Rumi’s Secret reveals the unfolding of Rumi’s devotion to a "religion of love," remarkable in his own time and made even more relevant for the twenty-first century by this compelling account.

383 pages, Kindle Edition

First published January 17, 2017

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About the author

Brad Gooch

28 books107 followers
Brad Gooch is the author of Flannery: A Life of Flannery O’Connor (Little, Brown, 2009.) His previous books include City Poet: The Life and Times of Frank O’Hara; as well as Godtalk: Travels in Spiritual America; three novels--Scary Kisses, The Golden Age of Promiscuity, Zombie00; a collection of stories, Jailbait and Other Stories, chosen by Donald Barthelme for a Pushcart Foundation Writer’s Choice Award; a collection of poems, The Daily News; and two memoirs, Finding the Boyfriend Within and Dating the Greek Gods.

His work has been featured in numerous magazines including: The New Republic, The New Yorker, Vanity Fair, New York Magazine, Travel and Leisure, Partisan Review, The Paris Review, The Los Angeles Times Book Review, Art Forum, Harper’s Bazaar, The Nation, and regularly on The Daily Beast.

A Guggenheim fellow in Biography, he has received a National Endowment for the Humanities fellowship, and a Furthermore grant in publishing from the J.M. Kaplan Fund.

A professor of English at William Paterson University, he earned his PhD at Columbia University, and lives in New York City.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 78 reviews
Profile Image for Michael Toy.
65 reviews1 follower
February 11, 2017
for me, this was a fantastic introduction to the life of Rumi and the world around him - I was not familiar with either, and found this treatment to be informative, lucid, and engaging.
Profile Image for Connie Kronlokken.
Author 10 books9 followers
Read
March 2, 2017
Brad Gooch went to enormous lengths to write this book, including learning Farsi, traveling in the lands where Rumi lived and reading the many sources available about Rumi's life. It is amazing we know so much about him, due to the writings of his son and others, about his lifetime from 1207 to 1273 A.D. Gooch's book puts the life together, from his early life near Samarkand (to which he could never return because it had been conquered by Ghengis Khan) to his later life in Syria and Konya, Turkey. He demystifies the three spiritual friends Rumi found in his life. the famous Shams of Tabriz, Salah and Hosam, who put into writing the ecstatic verses of the "Masnavi" as Rumi dictated them.

Gooch found that other scholars agreed with his understanding of Rumi's "secret": Jawid Mojadeddi said, "Rumi resonates today because people are thinking post-religion. He came to see mysticism as the divine origin of every religion." Coleman Barks said much the same.
Profile Image for Sarah Beth.
1,377 reviews44 followers
December 19, 2016
I received an uncorrected proof copy of this book from HarperCollins.

In this biography, Brad Gooch covers the life of Rumi, Persian poet and Sufi mystic who lived from 1207 to 1273. Born in Central Asia, Rumi's family identified Balkh in modern-day Afghanistan as their place of origin. His father, Baha Valad, was an occasional preacher and Sunni jurist, and was extremely influential on his son's life both emotionally, spiritually, and intellectually. Rumi traveled with his family to Samarkand, in modern-day Uzbekistan, when he was around six years old. The camel caravan traveled again when Rumi was around ten years old, when the family set out for Mecca. The family would never return to the place of their birth and, displaced by Mongol terror, finally settled in Konya, Turkey.

Rumi entered a traditional arranged marriage at the age of seventeen in 1224, which produced two sons, Bahoddin Mohammad, later known as Sultan Vlad, and Alaoddin Mohammad. Later, at the age of twenty-five, Rumi traveled to Aleppo in Syria and later to Damascus to begin his studies, which lasted around five years. Finally returning home to his family in Konya, "in his midthirties Rumi, finally, if inevitably, ascended to the leadership of his community" (106). He wore the garb of a religious scholar and held academic appointments at four separate colleges. Around this time, his first wife died and Rumi married a widow, Kerra, with whom he had a son, Mozaffaroddin, and a daughter, Maleke. Unlike his father, Rumi never kept multiple wives.

In 1244, Shams of Tabriz appeared in Konya, and his relationship with Rumi would disrupt the community and be the source of gossip. The two developed an intense friendship and disappeared into seclusion together for months at a time. Rumi ceased teaching classes or delivering sermons. It was this connection with Shams that helped Rumi find his voice as a poet. His relationship with Shams eventually transformed Rumi into the writer and figure we remember today. Rumi would go on to have three total intense connections like this; after Shams he found it in Salah and after his death, with Hosam. His eventual elevation of Hosam into a position of esteem, "put a barrier between himself and his followers, allowing more space for mystical abstraction and his own rapt devotion to prayer and dance" (257). Rumi was regarded as eccentric during his lifetime, known for his ascetic lifestyle. He rarely slept and ate the bare minimum to survive. He abhorred the rich and elevated men of low station. Only in the eighteenth century did his poetry first register in the West, "when a young Austrian ambassador in Istanbul, Jacques de Wallenbourg, translated" his work into French.

Although Gooch does provide the reader with a background of the elusive figure, who lived so long ago that presumably scant concrete details are left, I found the narrative difficult to follow, particularly the description of his family's early travels. Admittedly, I know little about the time period and culture described, but it was difficult for me to understand how Rumi 'inevitably' became the leader of his community and how his poetry survived for centuries after his death. It was also hard for me to grasp how renowned he was in his own lifetime beyond his own community and in the wider country at large. I also found the intense spiritual 'friendships' Rumi had odd and difficult to understand, including whether or not this was a common practice at the time or whether this was regarded as yet another eccentric choice even at the time.

It was interesting to read more about a figure who has been read in dozens of countries around the globe even centuries after his death. It was particularly interesting to learn that he was rarely, if ever, called Rumi during his lifetime and his given name was actually Mohammad. The immense number of miles and the quantity of his writing was impressive, as was his commitment to his preferred lifestyle that encouraged deprivation and hardship. Although I wish the writing had featured greater explanation of the time period and established practices as well as a great understanding of Rumi's rise to such significance, it was still an insightful look at the man behind the poetry.
Profile Image for Annette.
956 reviews612 followers
November 11, 2018
Rumi (1207-1273), a Persian poet and Sufi mystic, was clever and sensitive. He grew up in a supportive environment, which most likely helped his sensitivity. “The warmth emanated from a family life that he experienced as positive and loving.”

“Fittingly, he came of age on the edge of several cultures, several languages, and many living faiths.”

Rumi’s father was the most important influence on him during the first part of his life: emotionally, spiritually, and intellectually.

In 1212, his family traveled to Samarkand, modern day Uzbekistan, the most fabled capital of Central Asia. Located at the crossing of several important trade routes, as well as at the crossing of poets, where innovative poems were first composed. One of the most influential poets was Rudaki. He was one of the first to write poetry in Modern Persian. His work had tremendous influence on Rumi.

In Samarkand, he attended the maktabs (elementary school), where he studied subjects related to knowledge needed for better understanding Quran. He enjoyed stories of prophets, which later influenced his work.

As it was required for every Muslim to undertake a pilgrimage at least once in a lifetime, Rumi’s family set on a journey with no certain plan of return.

In 1216, they arrived in Nishapuri, a city also known for poets. The most famous Attar, whose work also had a great influence on Rumi.

Baghdad famed for 11th century scholar Mohammad al-Ghazali. But Rumi’s passion was more with al-Ghazali outrageous brother, poet Ahmad. Ahmad was a Sufi, espousing mystical love in aphorisms in his well-known book, Flashes.

Baghdad was a birthplace of Sufism – “emphasizing a more intimate relation with God and the possibility of inner union, or reunion, with the devine.”

In 1217, as Tatar invasion was looming over Central Asia, they moved to Anatolia, modern day Turkey, in Asia Minor. From now on they lived in cities greatly outnumbered by Christians.

In Malatya, southeast Anatolia, he had met “Spanish-born Arab mystic Ibn Arabi, the grandest and most sublime thinker of the era (…) the greatest living master of Sufi theology.”

From the age of 10 until his death, Rumi lived under the most brutish militarist state of Tatar Mongols in Central Asia, at some point stretching from Korea to Hungary in Europe.

After his advanced education, in his mid-thirties Rumi ascended to the leadership in his community; flourishing in Konya for his eloquent preaching.

In 1244, Rumi had met the powerful wandering dervish named Shams of Tabriz, who became the most influential person in his life. Rumi’s transformation began from scholar to artist.

He completed his 1st book around 1262, revealing his “powers as a poet of richly animated spirituality.”

In Book III, he identified himself as preacher of love. He also embraced death as he moved “closer to the horizon of his own life.”

In the autumn of 1274, he fell seriously ill and in December died.

This book is a very exhaustive source. It depends what you’re looking for. I was expecting this book being concentrated on a spiritual journey of Rumi rather than just spilling out every detail of his life.
1,479 reviews38 followers
January 4, 2017
This is not a typical book of poems. It gives you poems by Rumi but it also gives you a lot of historical information. I enjoyed reading about the life of the poet.
9 reviews
April 10, 2017
The book's a great introduction, not only to Rumi's early life, times and his transformation into a universally acclaimed poet from a revered religious leader, but also to the fascinating medieval Islamic world, when Central Asian cities like Samarkand, Damascus, Aleppo and Konya flourished. The narrative is compelling because it paints a vivid picture of these cities and their political environment in the 13th century, yet sometimes sounds dry and more "academic" than necessary.

Also, if you are a lover of Rumi's poetry then this book is probably not for you because the book strips Rumi of all the romance of a poet and instead describes in great detail, his life as a religious leader. Before reading this book, I always pictured Rumi as a wandering Sufi, who gained all his wisdom from traveling or listening to people. But nope, turns out Rumi was a scholar, a jurist, a civil diplomat and a professor of high ranking who actually had pretty orthodox views till he encountered Shams of Tabriz. Also, my understanding from Brad's writing is the reverence and admiration for Rumi stemmed more from his lineage (was the son of a highly reputed and respected scholar), than for his actual teachings. Meh. Not the Rumi I admire.

TL; DR: Shams of Tabriz is the real MVP, not Rumi.
Profile Image for Caitlin H.
112 reviews16 followers
October 17, 2017
I actually have not yet read a book of Rumi's poetry. I've read Hafiz (Hafez?), but not Rumi. For some reason, however, i found myself requesting this from the library. It turned out to be a very engaging read, & you can tell that Brad Gooch cares about his subject matter deeply (enough so that he learned Persian in order to read original documents).

I did notice some little mistakes that i thought an editor would have caught, & sometimes the narrative could be confusing to follow, but both instances were very rare & didn't impact my reading. The book brings you in close to Rumi & the people who surrounded him, & the events/main event that shaped him. And in doing so, we also come to the realization that you can find him in his poetry, but secretly, mysteriously.

I found it fascinating. I had this idea that Rumi was always just talking about God as Beloved, that he was like that from the start. And while Gooch tells us he was said to have seen angels in visions as a boy, we're also lead through his more orthodox rise to prominence in his community as a leader, before Shams of Tabriz came & tipped his world upside down. It feels incredibly human & poignant. And the fact that it was only after this that Rumi began to become more of a mystic, as we call him, is also stunning: it was this very human love & adoration that ultimately led him to his seeing love and the Beloved as God/coming from God. Gooch mentions as much, near the end of the book.

This feels so incredibly human, and makes you realize just how human Rumi was. Seeing angels & visions & preaching love ecstatically set him above everyone else, but really, it all began for him on that human level, with Shams. Rumi's very human experience led him to his spiritual path & experience. (And, of course, Rumi didn't see himself as above anyone. He was set above others by others, while he remained humble & in service to people & his God.)

It was also surprising, to me, that not only was Rumi protected in his unorthodox practices, but that he gained a large following during his life across religious lines. I half expected public support for Rumi to fall away, especially from people in political power, once he became more & more mystical & "eccentric". Gooch tells us instead that there were plenty of people who protected Rumi & his practices-- including using music & dance in a funeral-- & that people were drawn to him. It's moving (especially today) to read that, at Rumi's funeral, Christians & Jews also attended, stating how important he was to them.

Overall, it was a humanizing portrait Gooch presents. There is, of course, only so much one can find about who Rumi was as a person, & i think Gooch did very well within the limitations. Rumi retains his mystery, even as it's illuminated, & he remains human, all the same.
Profile Image for Nia.
Author 3 books194 followers
July 26, 2021
This is a wonderful wonderful book which deserves to be reread, and then read yet again, after learning Persian! But first I need to finish learning to read Turkish, and then go on to Arabic in order to properly appreciate the life of this great Sufi mystic, poet and teacher. I may just have to purchase the library's copy of this book or buy a new one and donate it to the library.
Wow.
Peace.
Profile Image for Deah.
772 reviews7 followers
Read
September 11, 2017
This book took me a while to finish. I could only read a chapter or two at a time before I'd get distracted by something else. I don't know if it was me, or the book.
As I was reading parts of the book, I encountered some articles about Rumi and his friend/beloved/guru Shams, which centered on whether they had a homosexual relationship or not. My end feelings is that although it was likely a very deep and spiritual relationship, it was not a sexual one. Not that it really matters either way.
Some of my favorite Rumi quotes:

“Out beyond ideas of wrongdoing
and rightdoing there is a field.
I'll meet you there.

When the soul lies down in that grass
the world is too full to talk about.”

“The minute I heard my first love story,
I started looking for you, not knowing
how blind that was.
Lovers don't finally meet somewhere.
They're in each other all along.”

“Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all the barriers within yourself that you have built against it.”

“A thousand half-loves must be forsaken to take one whole heart home.”


215 reviews1 follower
February 16, 2017
I thoroughly enjoyed reading this life of Rumi. As I have always enjoyed his poetry, it was fascinating to read the biography--where he came from, his father's influence on him, the times in which he lived. It was all so enlightening and has many parallels to today's world.
Profile Image for Lulu248.
397 reviews1 follower
March 22, 2017
Somewhat disappointing

It is hard to put my finger on it... the book, while informative, lacks vitality. The narrative is rather uninspired and dull at times... Quite a shame indeed, I was really looking forward to reading this!
Profile Image for Shikha Mehta.
23 reviews1 follower
November 30, 2020
This book gives a detailed account of Rumi’s life starting from his childhood with dates and all and all the people in his life he was close to.
It’s a decent read and also gives a new perspective of the kind of person Sham’s of Tabriz was.
Profile Image for Ranendu  Das.
156 reviews63 followers
November 26, 2017
|| একটি সূর্য, একজন কবি ও একটি কিশোরী গোলাপ ||

[ ♣ Rumi's Daughter by Muriel Maufroy, Rider, 2004, p. 266, Rs. 499/-; ♣ Forty Rules of Love by Elif Shafak, Penguin, 2010, p. 350,Rs. 499/-; ♣ Rumis' Secret by Brad Gooch, Harper, 2017, p. 377, Rs. 899/-; ♣ Rumi: selected poems, by Coleman Banks, Penguin, 1995, p. 310, Rs. 350/- ]

♥♥♥♥♥♥♥

সেটা নভেম্বর ২৯, তবে সাল তখন ১২৪৪ --
মধ্যপ্রাচ্যের আনাতোলিয়ায়, পাথুরে প্রাচীরে ঘেরা এক শহর কোনিয়ায় আজ থেকে সাতশো তেত্রিশ বছর আগে, এসে উপস্থিত হলেন এক দরবেশ। বয়স তার প্রায় ষাট, পরনে তার কালো আলখাল্লা, মাথায় টুপি। উঠলেন ব্যবসায়ীদের জন্য নির্মিত এক সরাইখানায়। নাম তার শামসুদ্দিন, থাকেন তবরিজ শহরে। আরবি তে শামস মানে সুর্য, তাই তার পরিচয় হল Shams of Tabriz!

এই ছন্নছাড়া বদরাগী খেয়ালী দরবেশের সাথে জালালুদ্দীন মহম্মদ এর পরিচয় হল সম্ভবত ডিসেম্বরের প্রথম সপ্তাহেই। জালালুদ্দীন তখন মাদ্রাসায় ধর্মপ্রচার সেরে ফিরছিলেন খচ্চরের পিঠে চড়ে, প্রিয় মওলানা (অর্থাৎ, আমাদের শিক্ষক) কে ঘিরে ধরে চলেছে বেশ কিছু শিষ্য শিক্ষার্থী ও অনুগামীরা। হঠাৎ সেই ভিড়ের মধ্যে উদয় হলেন শামস, সোজা এসে মওলানা কে প্রশ্ন করে বসলেন যে মহম্মদ (শান্তি বর্ষিত হোক তার উপর) আর ইরানীয় সুফি বেয়াজিদ বেস্তামীর মধ্যে কে মহান? আসলে বেস্তামী বলেছিলেন “Glory be upon me! How great is my majesty!”, আর, মহম্মদ বলেছিলেন যে “glory be to You! We have not known You as You should be rightly known.” অর্থাৎ বেস্তামী বলছেন যে আল্লাহ কে তিনি জানতে সক্ষম হয়েছিলেন, অথচ মহম্মদ বলেছেন যে আল্লাহ কে তার তেমন ভাবে জানা হয় নি! তাহলে এদের দুজনের মধ্যে কে বেশী জ্ঞানী? মওলানাও তো জ্ঞানী মানুষ, তিনি তাই তুরন্ত জবাব দিলেন, মহম্মদ বেশী জ্ঞানী! কারন, “Bayazid's thrist was quenched by a single mouthful, and he was satisfied, and claimed he was no longer thirsty…. But Mohammad's quest for water was immense, consisting of thirst upon thirst.” মওলানার জবাব শুনে, তার চোখে চোখ রেখে আনন্দে জ্ঞান হারালেন শামস!

জালালুদ্দীন মহম্মদ এর পিতা বাহা ওয়ালাদ তাকে কখনো ডাকতেন মহম্মদ বলে, কখনো ডাকতেন জালালুদ্দীন বলে। দুনিয়া অবশ্য তাকে ডাকে মহম্মদ জালালুদ্দীন রুমী বলে! আসলে রুমী নামটুকু এসেছে RUM বা Rome শহরের সূত্রে, কারন রুমী তার জীবনের একটা বড় অংশ কাটিয়েছেন বাইজান্টিয়ামে (আধুনিক তুর্কি), রোম সাম্রজ্যের পূর্ব অংশে। রুমীর জন্ম হয় সেপ্টেম্বর ৩০, ১২০৭ সালে, বকস শহরে (‘পৃথিবীর ছাদ’ পামীর মালভূমি থেকে বয়ে আসা বকস নদীর ধারে এই শহর, আজকের তাজিকিস্থানে) । পিতা বাহা ওয়ালাদ, তখন বয়স প্রায় তার পঞ্চাশ, ছিলেন একাধারে ধর্ম শিক্ষক ও প্রচারক, এবং সুন্নী বিচারকও। ছোটোবেলাটা রুমীর কেটেছে হারেমের (মহিলাদের অন্দরমহল) চার দেওয়ালের নিশ্চিন্ত ঘেরাটোপে! সেখানে মা মোমিন ছাড়াও থাকতেন তার ঠাকুমা, আয়া ও বাহা ওয়ালাদের অপর স্ত্রীরা ও তাদের সন্তানেরা। রুমী ছোটোবেলা থেকেই ছিলেন নরম স্বভাবের, প্রায়শই অলৌকিক দৃশ্য দেখতেন তিনি। জানলে অবাক লাগে যে রুমীর ছোটোবেলায় তাকে যা কিছু মুগ্ধ করত, যা কিছু তার উপর প্রভাব ফেলেছিল, তাদের ভেতর ছিল পারসি ভাষায় অনুদিত পঞ্চতন্ত্রের গল্পও!

বাহা ওয়ালাদ সে সময়কার রাজনৈতিক উত্থান পতনের সম্মুখীন হয়ে বকস ছেড়ে, সমরখন্দ-বলখ হয়ে, এসে থিতু হন কোনিয়া শহরে। সে সময়ে স্বয়ং সুলতান আলাউদ্দিন কেকোবাদ ১, নিজে এসে বাহা ওয়ালাদ কে স্বাগত জানান তার শহরে, তাকে জায়গা দিতে চান তার রাজপ্রাসাদে। বাহা ওয়ালাদ জানান যে “Religious teachers belong in schools, Sufis in lodges, commanders and princes in palaces, merchants in inns, artisans in guilds, and foreigners in guesthouses.” সুতরাং, কোনিয়ার প্রধান বাজারের কাছেই দ্বিতল একটি স্কুলের লাগোয়া জমিতে বাহা ওয়ালাদ নিজেদের থাকার বন্দোবস্ত করেন। রুমীর মা আগেই মারা গিয়েছিলেন, এবং কোনিয়ায় আসার দু-বছর বাদে, ফেব্রুয়ারি ১২৩১ এ রুমীর অসুস্থ পিতাও মারা গেলেন। রুমীর প্রথম শিক্ষক যদি হন তার পিতা, যার লেখসগুলি রুমী সযত্নে পাঠ করতেন, তবে তার অন্যতম শিক্ষক হলেন সৈয়দ বোরহান। তিনিই তাকে বিভিন্ন বিষয় শিখিয়ে, রুমীকে গড়ে তোলেন একজন প্রভুত জনপ্রিয় সুবক্তা ধর্ম শিক্ষক ও প্রচারক হিসেবে।

এরপরেই রুমীর সাথে শামসের দেখা হয় কোনিয়ার রাস্তায়। শামস তাকে আমূল ভাবে বদলে দিলেন! কিভাবে অনেক ঘাত প্রতিঘাতের মধ্য দিয়ে ধর্মপ্রচারক রুমী হয়ে উঠলেন একজন বিশ্বনন্দিত সুফী কবি, তার এই আমূল বদলের কাহিনীই উপজীব্য হয়ে উঠেছে এলিফ শাফাকের বহুপঠিত ‘ফর্টি রুলস অব লাভ’, এবং মুরিয়েল মফ্রয় এর তুলনায় স্বল্পপঠিত ‘রুমীজ ডটার' উপন্যাসদুটির। দুটিই ভারি চমৎকার উপন্যাস, এবং তাদের মূল কাহিনী কিছুটা এক হলেও, তাদের মধ্যে অনেক তথ্যে ফারাকও আছে। তাই, গল্পের আবরণ সরিয়ে ইতিহাসের সাক্ষ্যপ্রমাণ খুজতে দারস্থ হয়েছিলাম ব্রাড গুচের ‘রুমীজ সিক্রেট' বইটিরও। অবশ্য ঐতিহাসিক বিবরণ, রুমীর কবিতা, শামসের আত্মজীবনী ইত্যাদি সহযোগে লিখিত গুচের বইটিও উপন্যাসের থেকে কম চমকপ্রদ নয়। গুচের বই থেকে এমন অনেক কিছু জানা যায়, যার ভগ্নাবশেষ হয়ত ব্যবহৃত হয়েছে এলিফ শাফাক ও মুরিয়াল মফ্রয় এর উপন্যাসে!

এলিফ শাফাকের উপন্যাসটিতে দুটি কাহিনী হাত ধরাধরি করে চলার চেষ্টা করেছে। একদিকে ম্যানহাটন নিবাসী এলা ও ঔপন্যাসিক আজিজের কাহিনী, ও অপরদিকে মধ্যপ্রাচ্যের রুমী ও শামসের কাহিনী। মুরিয়েলের উপন্যাস মূলত কিমিয়া কে কেন্দ্র করে, যে কিমিয়া রুমীর দত্তক কন্যা রুপে পরিচিত এবং রুমী যার সাথে শামসের বিবাহ দেন। এলিফ এর উপন্যাসেও কিমিয়া উপস্থিত, তবে আরো অনেক চরিত্রের সাথে। শাফাকের উপন্যাস বিস্তারে মুরিয়েলের উপন্যাসের চাইতে অনেক বড়।

এলিফ শাফাকের পুরো উপন্যাসই বিধৃত হয়েছে ব��ভিন্ন চরিত্রের জবানীতে। ব্যাক্তিগত ভাবে মনে হয়েছে যে এলা-আজিজের কাহিনী যেন রুমী-শামসের কাহিনীতে কিছুটা ছন্দ পতন ঘটিয়েছে। এমনকি শামসের সাথে আজিজের চেহারা সাদৃশ্য এবং এলা যে আজিজের প্রেমে পড়ে গেলেন, এগুলি যেন কিছুটা চরিত্রের উপর আরোপিত মনে হয়েছে। উপরন্তু, বিভিন্ন জনের বয়ান বর্ণনার জন্য লেখিকা প্রায় একই ভাষা ব্যবহার করেছেন, ফলে এলা, রুমী, শামস, মাতাল সুলেইমান এদের ভিন্ন ভিন্ন ���রিত্রের পরিস্ফুটন যেন কিছুটা অসম্পূর্ণ রয়ে গেছে। শামসের সুফীয়ানার পাঠ থকে চল্লিশটি ভালবাসার সূত্র তিনি দিয়েছেন বটে, কিন্তু তাতে প্রেমিকের মনে নতুন করে ঝঙ্কার তোলার মত অভূতপূর্ব উপলব্ধি কোথায়? শাফাক যদি রুমী আর শামস এর কাহিনীই একটানা বলে যেতেন, তাহলে হয়ত বেশী ভাল হত। আর এই খানেই মুরিয়েলের উপন্যাস শাফাকের উপন্যাস কে পেরিয়ে গেছে। ‘রুমীজ ডটার' উপন্যাসে লেখিকার কলমে কেবল কিমিয়ার-রুমী-শামস এর কাহিনীই ফুটে উঠেছে তা নয়, তিনি অত্যন্ত সুন্দর ভাবে বর্ণনা করেছেন আনাতোলিয়ার প্রকৃতির এবং ততকালীন সাধারণ মানুষের রোজকার জীবনযাত্রার। মুরিয়েলের উপন্যাসের ভাষা, প্রকাশভঙ্গীও তুলনায় বেশী কাব্যিক।

শাফাক এবং মুরিয়েল, দুজনের উপন্য্যাসেই শামস ধরা দিয়েছেন রুমীর সমবয়সী হিসেবে। কিন্তু গুচের বই থেকে দেখা যাচ্ছে শামসের জন্ম আজেরবাইজানের তবরিজে, সাল ১১৮০ এর আশেপাশে। অর্থাৎ শামস ও রুমীর প্রথম সাক্ষাতের সময় রুমীর বয়স সাইত্রিশ, এবং শামস তখন প্রায় চৌষট্টি। মুরিয়াল এবং গুচ দুজনেই জানিয়েছেন যে সাক্ষাতের পরেই, শামস মওলানা কে নিয়ে চলে যান মওলানার বিশ্বাসভাজন স্বর্ণকার সালাহউদ্দিনের বাড়িতে। সেখানে টানা তিনমাস নিভৃতে শামস মওলানাকে সুফীয়ানার রহস্যে দীক্ষিত করতে থাকেন। শাফাক অবশ্য বলেছেন যে তারা আশ্রয় নিয়েছিলেন মওলানার লাইব্রেরী ঘরে। শামস তার আত্মজীবনী তে লিখেছেন যে মওলানা একজন শিশুর মত তদগতচিত্ত হয়ে শামসের শিক্ষা গ্রহন করেছিলেন!

শামস ছিলেন তীক্ষ্ণভাষী ও অবিনীত। শামস মওলানাকে অধিকার করলে, তাদের প্রিয় মওলানার অনুপস্থিতিতে, ও মওলানার চারিত্রিক বদলে অচিরেই মওলানার ছাত্র ও শিষ্যরা শামসের বিরুদ্ধে ক্ষুব্ধ হয়ে ওঠে। মওলানার বড়ছেলে সুলতান ওয়ালাদ শামস কে পছন্দ করলেও, ছোটো আলাউদ্দিন শামস কে কখনো পছন্দ করে উঠতে পারে নি। শামসের বিরুদ্ধে যখন জনমত তীব্র হয়ে উঠেছে, তখন ১২৪৬ সালের মার্চে, বসন্তের আগমনের প্রথম দিনটি অর্থাৎ নওরোজের পরেই প্রথমবারের জন্য শামস নিখোঁজ হয়ে যান। মওলানা শামস কে হারিয়ে ব্যাথাতুর চিত্তে নিজেকে লাইব্রেরী তে বন্দী করে নেন। চারদিকে খোজার পরে, সুলতান ওয়ালাদ, কুড়িজন সঙ্গীকে নিয়ে বেরিয়ে অবশেষে শামসের খোজ পান দামাস্কাসের আলেপ্পোতে। শামস কে তিনি আবার ফিরিয়ে আনেন কোনিয়াতে। শামসের প্রত্যাবর্তন কে স্বাগত জানানো হয় মহা সাড়ম্বরে, দিনটিকে ছুটির দিন ঘোষনা করা হয়।

প্রত্যাবর্তনের পরে শামস সাংসারিক ভাবে থিতু হওয়ার ইচ্ছেয়, রুমীর হারেম থেকে কিমিয়া নামক একটি কিশোরী মেয়েকে বিবাহের ইচ্ছে জানান। সেটা সাল ১২৪৭। শাফাক এবং মুরিয়েল, দুজনেই জানিয়েছেন যে কিমিয়া কে রুমী দত্তক নিয়েছিলেন। কিন্তু গুচের বইতে দেখা যাচ্ছে কিমিয়ার পরিচয় নিয়ে বেশ ধন্ধ আছে। রুমীর প্রথম স্ত্রী, গোহরের দুটি সন্তান, সুলতান ওয়ালাদ এবং আলাউদ্দিন। গোহর মারা গেলে রুমী বিবাহ করেন বিধবা কেরা কে। কেরার আগের স্বামীর ঔরসজাত দুই সন্তান সামসুদ্দিন ইয়াহা এবং কিমিয়া এসে ওঠে রুমির হারেমে। পরে রুমী ও কেরার দুই সন্তান হয়, মোজফরুদ্দিন আমির আলেম ছালেব ও মেলেইকা। ফলে ষাটোর্ধ শামস যে চতুর্দশী কিমিয়া খাতুন কে পছন্দ করেন, সে কি কেরার সন্তান, না রুমীর দত্তক নেওয়া কন্যা, তা নিয়ে ধোঁয়াসা আছে। তাছাড়া পিতৃতান্ত্রিক সমাজের হিসেবে এই বিবাহে যে কিমিয়ার মত নেওয়া হয়েছিল, সেরকম কিছু জানা যায়না, যদিও দুটি উপন্যাসেই দেখানো হয়েছে যে কিমিয়া ও শামস পরস্পরের প্রেমে পড়ে যান!

রুমী নববিবাহিত শামস আর কিমিয়াকে থাকতে দেন তার অন্দরমহল হারেমের পাশে, আলাদা অংশে। শাফাক জানিয়েছেন যে কিমিয়া ও শামস আলাদা থাকতেন, তাদের মধ্যে কোনদিনও স্বামী-স্ত্রীর সম্পর্ক হয়নি! কিমিয়া একলা থাকতে থাকতে বিষন্নতায় ডুবে একবছরের মধ্যেই অসুস্থ হয়ে মারা যায়। আর মুরিয়েল জানাচ্ছেন যে কিমিয়া ও শামস আলাদা থাকলেও, তারা মিলিত হয়েছিলেন! কিমিয়া বিবাহে সুখী হয়েছিল এবং সে হৃদয়ের অসুস্থতায় মারা যায়। গুচ অবশ্য শামস-কিমিয়ার দাম্পত্য সুখী বা অসুখী এরকম একমাত্রিক কিছু বলেন নি। তবে শামসের আত্মজীবনী থেকে দেখা যাচ্ছে কিমিয়ার সাথে তার মিলনের মাধুর্যে তিনি ঈশ্বরের প্রকাশই খুঁজে পেতেন। গুচ জানিয়েছেন যে কিশোরী কিমিয়া ছিল ছটফটে এবং বৃদ্ধ শামসের সাথে প্রায়শই তার দাম্পত্য কলহ বেধে যেত। শামস ছিলেন অত্যন্ত অধিকার প্রবণ এবং আলাউদ্দিন যখন হারেমে তার দাদী, মা ও অন্যান্যদের সাথে সাক্ষাৎ করতে যেত, শামসের ঘরের পাশ দিয়ে যেত বলে, সন্দেহপ্রবণ শামস খুব ক্ষুব্ধ হতেন। আলাউদ্দিন কিমিয়াকে বিয়ে করতে চেয়েছিল, এমন জনশ্রুতি থাকায় শামস আরই সন্দেহপ্রবণ হয়ে ওঠেন, এবং আলাউদ্দিন এর এই পথে যাওয়া-আসা নিয়ে তাকে প্রকাশ্যেই ভর্ৎসনা করেন। আলাউদ্দিনও এতে শামসের প্রতি আরও ক্ষুব্ধ হয়। কিমিয়া শামসকে না জানিয়ে হারেমের মহিলাদের সাথে বাগিচায় গেলে, শামস প্রচন্ড রাগে অস্থির হয়ে চেঁচামেচি করতেন। এরকমই একবার বাগিচা থেকে ফেরার পর কিমিয়া রহস্যজনক ভাবে গলায় ব্যাথা অনুভব করে এবং এর তিনদিনের মধ্যেই কিমিয়া মারা যায়!

কিমিয়ার অপ্রত্যাশিত মৃত্যুর পরে শামসের প্রতি অনেকেই অপ্রসন্ন হয়ে ওঠেন। ফলত শামস, রুমীর বাড়ি ছেড়ে মাদ্রাসার একটি ঘরে গিয়ে থাকতে শুরু করেন। রুমীর সাথেও তার কিছু দূরত্ব তৈরি হয়েছিল, কারন শামস ক্ষোভভরে লিখেছেন যে রুমী তার পক্ষ নিয়ে শত্রুদের যথেষ্ট জবাব দিচ্ছেন না, এমনকি রুমী তার হারেমে যাওয়ার সময় শামসকে সাথে নিয়ে যান না! রুমীও কিমিয়ার মৃত্যুর ব্যপারে নিশ্চুপ ছিলেন এবং আসলে তিনি সকল দিকে সমতা বজায় রাখার চেষ্টা চালিয়ে যাচ্ছিলেন! কিন্তু বেশীদিন সেটা সম্ভব ছিল না।

সাল ১৯৪৮ এর এক সকালে রুমী মাদ্রাসার ঘরে গিয়ে দেখেন শামস নেই। তার জুতো ও অন্যান্য কিছু জিনিষ ছাড়া ব্যক্তিগত জিনিষপত্রও নেই! এর পরে শামসের আর খোজ পাওয়া যায় নি! তাকে কি হত্যা করা হয়েছিল (শাফাক তাই দেখিয়েছেন), না তিনি নিজেই উধাও হয়ে গিয়েছিলেন, এ কেউ জানে না। শামস কে হারিয়ে রুমী পাগলের মত হয়ে যান, আর্তনাদ বিলাপ করতে থাকেন! শামস এর সাথে অতীন্দ্রিয় যোগাযোগের চেষ্টায় তিনি শামসের শেখানো ঘূর্ণায়মান নাচ, সুফীইজমে যা সেমা নামে পরিচিত, তাকে আশ্রয় করেন। তার অবিচ্ছিন্ন সেমা নাচের সাথে তাল মিলাতে হিমসিম খান বাকি সকলে। কিন্তু কিছুতেই এবার শামসের আর খোজ মেলেনি। বিপর্যস্ত রুমী শামসের খোঁজে ছোটেন এদিক ওদিক, কিন্তু খোজ নেই তার কোথাও। শেষ পর্যন্ত রুমী মেনে নেন শামসের অনুপস্থিতি এবং তার সমস্ত উপলব্ধি চালিত করেন তার কবিতা ও গজল লেখায়! ধর্মপ্রচারক মওলানা বিবর্তিত হয়ে বিশ্বের দরবারে প্রকাশিত হন প্রেমিক কবি রুমী হয়ে!

রুমী ও শামসের এই কাহিনী জানতে পাঠক এলিফ শাফাক পড়ুন, মুরিয়েল মফ্রয় আর ব্রাড গুচও পড়ুন। আর তার সাথে তুলে নিন কোলেম্যান ব্যাঙ্ক দ্বারা অনুদিত রুমীর নির্বাচিত কবিতা। প্রেম, তা সে মানব মানবীর প্রতিই হোক, হোক সে তা পরম আরাধ্যের প্রতি, রুমীর কবিতা যেন সকল প্রেমের চিরন্তন গাঁথা, তার কবিতার চিরন্তন সৌন্দর্য পীড়িত হৃদয়ের জন্য যেন এক দু-দন্ডের শান্তিবানী। ঈশ্বর প্রেম সুফীয়ানা আর জীবনের অতীন্দ্রিয় উপলব্ধিগুলির অন্য নামই হল রুমী।

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Profile Image for Masroor Ahmad.
24 reviews
April 2, 2021
I knew very little about Rumi’s life till I finished this book, except reading many of his poems from various sources. I have a book on Rumi’s poetry by Coleman Barks, which I refer to quite frequently. I believe that 'to understand poetry, one should understand the poet first'. Without understanding the inspiration behind the words, one gets deprived from its true essence.

The Book by Brad Gooch has come as a blessing for me at this time, when I really wanted to learn about Rumi in more detail. I knew little about the role and influence of shams of Tabrizi on life of Rumi, till I read Elif Shafak's The Forty rules of love. One cannot understand Rumi without knowing shams. He was the one, who broke the heart of Rumi into pieces, which then turned into something which we all admire today through his poetry and his words.

While reading Brad Gooch's book one should be cautious about the fact that it is not a book of Rumi's poetry, rather an introduction to Rumi’s life. The book starts from early childhood, which was shaped under the influence of his father, who travelled across cities in middle east, before settling down in Konya (Turkey) at last. Later, it accounts the details of Rumi's transformation from a religious leader into a Poet under the influence of Shams and compilation of his work in the form of a book named Masnavi.

The writer has translated the idea that 'Sufi’s have no religion of their own than the religion of love' beautifully throughout the book. I was a little disappointed by absence of details of sham’s life, though it was compensated up to an extent by stories of Shams narrated in context of Rumi's life, which writer has emphasized upon.

This book is highly recommended for those who want to understand the context and events which turned Rumi into a poet and the essence behind his words. Read it if you want to know the real Rumi, the person, before he became well known as a Poet.
Profile Image for Dyan.
429 reviews
April 13, 2017
Thoughtful, historical study of a complex human being. Evidently, Rumi's three greatest loves and influences were Sufi believers, whom he celebrated throughout his extensive verse writings. He equated the love they shared with knowledge of the mystic and divine.
Profile Image for Rajeswari Roy.
50 reviews
April 3, 2019
Rumi is my favourite poet and so this book has been a pleasure for me.Rumi's life is filled with various incidents that moulded him into a poet.Knowing them, led me to realise him poems even better..A must read for all the Rumi lovers out there..💙
Profile Image for Niloufar Salehi.
11 reviews6 followers
Read
December 31, 2022
I love this book! I had read some of Rumi's poems before but this book gave me a lot of context and newfound appreciation for Mowlana. I took out the masnavi from my bookshelf...
Profile Image for Shamsher Amaan Khan.
21 reviews
May 27, 2018
Beautifully written, an informative introduction to the life of Rumi and the world around him. It was helpful for me.
Profile Image for Concrim.
19 reviews
June 30, 2024
Before I opened the book, I had hoped to get to know who Rumi was. Alas, now I realize that Rumi is even more of a stranger than he was before. I have more questions than answers. The irony lies in the fact that Rumi's Secret was, in its 300+ pages, unable to declare what the secret actually was. Hence, we have our answer: Rumi is not meant to be understood.

"Serajoddin, they have not come to understand me in the afterlife any more than they understood me in this world."


Despite my reservations about a few of Rumi's characteristics and aspects of his life, I understand why Rumi is so deeply revered to this day. One cannot deny that, indeed, Rumi was the wise, brave, and passionate soul that his admirers make him out to be. It is hard to say whether the author has any personal biases against or for Rumi, since all content is written as objectively as possible, and yet we cannot help but commend his numerous attributes that are mentioned throughout the book.

Reading this book felt like a pleasant walk with Rumi himself (Or someone who knew Rumi very well), as he dictates his life start to finish without anything holding him back. At the very least, he led a particularly interesting and tumultuous life. Mr. Gooch has shed light on the events of Rumi's life in such a way that not only describes the situation but also how Rumi felt during them. We get to cover a lot of ground including Persia, Turkey and Iran and many locations close to Rumi (Anatolia, Vakhsh, Samarkand, Damascus, Baghdad, Konya). Moreover, we are familiarized with important figures such as Shams Tabrizi, Salahoddin, The Parvane, Genghis Khan, Baha Valad, and others. It is apparent that Mr. Gooch did his research in order to provide us with such a resourceful scripture.

I must confess that at a few points, I did need to raise my eyebrows and question the wisdom Rumi possessed. It felt that at times Rumi was almost breaching the thin line between mysticism and blasphemy, was abusing his authoritative position, and was neglectful towards the people close to him. Although it is mere speculation, and some might find such feedback to be offensive, I am entitled to my opinion. I'm glad Mr. Gooch adopted a neutral stance and kept such moments in the book despite the risk to Rumi's reputation.

The recurrent theme throughout the book was Love, with many subjects such as Hosam, Salahoddin, Kerra, God, Life, Death, the Universe, and most prominently, Shams 'The Sun' Tabrizi. One begins to ponder whether Rumi was in love with the concept of love itself, which does not seem all that unlikely after finishing the book. It pains me to know that I might never get to read Rumi's original works as the true essence of poetry is always 'Lost in Translation,' but seeing how beautiful it is regardless makes me appreciate Rumi's passion even more.

I must mention some of his verses that I found truly beautiful:
"Death is an executioner, without a heart,
Even if he had a heart of stone, he would weep."
 
"I'm a mirror, I'm a mirror, I'm not a debater-
You only see me if you turn your ears into eyes."
 
"Oh brother, you are nothing but your thoughts,
The rest of you is merely skin and bones."
 
"When you see my corpse, don't cry
I long for that time, and for that reunion."
 

I had an amazing time reading this engaging piece of art, and I must thank the author for that, and of course, Rumi, himself.
Profile Image for June.
654 reviews15 followers
June 18, 2017
R ose, smell no sweet scent
U nknown world, search scarce saints
M esmerizing, and whirling on my toe
I, dream to become you

An important book/introduction for me to get to know the convoluted region of the world during the chaotic period of history, to better understand the true spirit of Islam that I'd like to believe. I may have read more impressive poetry in Chinese, written 1000 years earlier (due to weakened in translation, perhaps), nonetheless Rumi has become the most appealing mystic in my life.
Profile Image for Nia.
Author 3 books194 followers
July 29, 2021
This book is beautifully bookended by an almost similar illusion of a friendship like that Shems and Rumi in that of the lost Sebastian with the author. 15 years or more now since I've lived in Turkey, and I still long to find those of that Mevlana Hane that I was not allowed to enter, and community with that love for the divine, which is the love for the universal in all of us: the " better than we are " in all of us.
Profile Image for Sheila Jungco.
166 reviews44 followers
February 21, 2019
A great book to get to know Rumi and an understanding his life in his time.
Profile Image for Patricia.
793 reviews15 followers
April 21, 2019
The last chapters were the most engaging, partly because they were packed with the author's translations. I was impressed that he took on learning Persian.
Profile Image for Cherie.
3,939 reviews33 followers
January 9, 2024
Didn't love this book. While I love Rumi, I found this windy biography to not give me a sense of the love and passion and lusciousness and beauty of Rumi. Ended up skimming a bunch of it.
140 reviews14 followers
May 1, 2019
As a fan of Rumi, i knew i automatically had to purchase this book.
Having read the daughter of Rumi previously, i always thought that Kerra was an imaginary character up untill i got to know how she is considered his daughter.

His life is one interesting journey of ups and downs yet he remained firm in his beliefs which is definetly something to admire. This book gives the reader an opportunity to learn more about Rumi's family life, how his father had a harem (more than one wife) where as he has two (the second wife after the death of his first).

The many speculation about his relationship with Shams of Tabriz, seem to be given a clearer image here. the relationship between them has been detailed including the travels of Shams and how Rumi has disconnected with his son due to his dislike to Shams and his fathers ways.
Yet i personally still find it to be more than a disciples relationship and admiration towards a sheikh. However, no fact has been shown yet that their relationship was more than that despite the persian romantic poems.
Towards the end of the book i could not help but question if Rumi has maintained the same personality and character until the end of his life or if he has become more selfish (yet unaware). Like his disconnection with his son (despite sending his three letters with endearing titles) seemed very harsh especially after the sons death. Also his support of Al Hallaj (even though what he said was not acceptable is religious terms) yet Rumi claims to be a man of god too and same goes for Salah when mispronouncing words and being criticized for it yet Rumi defended him by saying such words can be pronounced in such a way.

A part of him seemed to be extra defensive of his so called (companions / friends) even though it may be against his beliefs and values, that was one of the traits that made me question and admire him at the same time since he is the one who said "Animals grow fat from eating grass, People from power and fame". He does recognize the effect power can have on a person same goes for his dislike with the involvement with politics.

Through the pages of this book i felt that i was transported into another world and lifestyle, definitely a beautiful one.
Profile Image for Craig Bergland.
354 reviews9 followers
June 25, 2019
In my world, it is no accident that the words cryptic and crap both begin with the letter "c." I read this book on a whim because I was watching a video teaching by Robert Thurman in which he mentioned he was reading it. I suppose if you had an exhaustive background in Rumi the author's tendency to write around his point instead of getting to it wouldn't bother you. In my case, however, there is nothing more irritating than a cryptic voicemail - I always delete them before they end - though a cryptic book ranks a very close second. In my world, if you have something to say I would like you to say it. If you dance around, I will conclude that either you lack confidence in your material or your conclusions are shaky. I don't know which is the case with this book, and I don't care. I found it tedious at best, frustrating at worst. As the old Rumi poems advises, "shit or get off the pot." I think it was Rumi, anyway.
Profile Image for Suzanne.
126 reviews
July 14, 2019
i do not know why it took me a long time to finish this book ,maybe it was me or there is something in the book that i cannot comprehend that made it very tedious and sometimes frustrating only wanting to finish it. i didn't want to put this book away as i am interested in Sufism in general .so i read it fully bit it was not engaging at all according to my humble opinion, though i can clearly see and appreciate the writer did his researches very well.
Profile Image for muaad the poet.
100 reviews1 follower
March 17, 2024
I truly finished it now. That’s because I skipped a few pages in the past. What I will say is that this is the finest biography of Rumi that is out there. The author has a beautiful writing technique, displays great historical knowledge of Rumis historical period and knows quite a bit about Rumis life as well. What I love most about the book, however, is that every time I pick it up for a read, my mind is teleported to the period of Rumi.
298 reviews3 followers
May 21, 2017
This is not only a bio but also an in-depth excursion into the politics and life of the people in his area of the countries where he traveled in the middle-east including Turkey, of course. All I can say is that I wished it had gone on for longer. He was a very special person living at a pivotal time for religion and politics. And, he was a poet. Highly recommended.
Profile Image for Steven.
953 reviews8 followers
July 28, 2019
A little slow off the top, this biography of Rumi was insightful and very descriptive in how the famous poet and spiritual leader grew to become the person we know today. The portions on his relationship with Shams were particularly riveting.
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