A moving, poignant novel with an unusual style - like a work of music based on a man's interior life. The protagonist, Dr. Elias Rukla, is a thoughtful, rather humble teacher of Norwegian literature who feels sure that his work is valuable to society, until one day -- after a sudden new insight into Ibsen's The Wild Duck -- he perceives a change -- in his students, in society, among his fellow teachers -- that leaves him feeling profoundly alienated. Unable to go on, he melts down on the school playground, beating his poor, hapless umbrella to shreds in the midst of a circle of astonished students, and insulting one of his female students in such a way that he is likely to be fired.
At the same time - and I think this is important, though most of the reviewers don't mention it - his very shy, dignified wife is experiencing a different, almost opposite change, a greater engagement with life and society, and a loss of attractiveness as she ages -- something that seems to give her a feeling of relief, but that Elias does not know how to handle. She is going back to school, she's becoming a counselor to alcoholics and addicts; Elias doesn't understand why she would want to do this. As Elias ran off the rails, I wondered whether he might also derail her new dreams.
The novel starts out very quietly - a deep, almost obsessive quiet - until Elias explodes. From there, the dynamics, tempo, and timbre of the prose vary according to what is going on - which is mostly a flashback of his life. When Elias can't stop thinking about something, for instance, a phrase or variations on a phrase are repeated - "his indescribably beautiful wife" "his almost incredibly beautiful wife" - and then later, when she is older, his wife who has "spread out a little too much," is "filled out," "plump," "a faded beauty," "fat," etc.
I found some humor in the novel, despite its overall sense of sadness and nausea. Mostly dry or painful humor - like the scene where Elias is fantasizing about auditioning to be a character in a Thomas Mann novel - but also some almost surrealistic intoxicated escapades from Elias's grad school days, when he had a wonderful, rare, intellectual friendship that lasted for many years - then ended abruptly, with strange and unexpected consequences. The book had a life-like sense of mystery - characters keep things to themselves, and neither Elias nor the reader ever find out exactly what happened or why. I appreciated Elias' personal qualities of kindness, fairness, and devotion, and his admirable ability to rise above his personal loneliness -- although whether he would be able rise above his extreme estrangement from society, and what form that "rising above" might take, was left to the imagination of the reader.
I found the book by "surfing" Goodreads, checked it out of the public library, and felt like I hit the jackpot, because not only was it a unique and very good novel, but Dr. Elias Rukla, being a Norwegian literature professor, mentioned many of his favorite authors, most of whom were new to me, and some of whom I have added to my reading list. But too bad more of Mr. Solstad's books have not been translated into English.