Ο Τσε από τον Γκεβάρα

by Ernesto Che Guevara, Στράτος Ιωαννίδης (Translator)

Το αρχειακό λεύκωμα "Ο Τσε από τον Γκεβάρα" δεν έχει καμία σχέση με οποιαδήποτε άλλη προηγούμενη έκδοση του είδους με θέμα τον αργεντίνο επαναστάτη. Ο λόγος είναι ότι αυτή η "αυτοπροσωπογραφία" έχει συγκροτηθεί με αρχειακά υλικά, τα περισσότερα αδημοσίευτα μέχρι σήμερα, που προβάλλουν το ανθρώπινο πρόσωπο του επαναστάτη, υλικά που κατ’ αποκλειστικότητα προέρχονται από το ιδιωτικό αρχείο της οικογένειάς του.

H πολυαναμενόμενη επική ταινία "Τσε" του Στίβεν Σόντερμπεργκ (με τον Μπενίτσιο ντελ Τόρο στον ομώνυμο ρόλο, βραβείο πρώτου ανδρικού ρόλου στις Κάννες), δεν ειναι τυχαίο ότι στηρίχτηκε στο περιεχόμενο αυτού ακριβώς του βιβλίου και στο ίδιο αρχειακό υλικό. Στην τετράωρη αυτή ταινία, όπως και στο βιβλίο, προβάλλεται η "τρωτή", η αληθινή πλευρά του ανθρωπιστή επαναστάτη. Ο αναγνώστης θα ανακαλύψει εδώ έναν πολύ ιδιαίτερο, πολύ παθιασμένο, πολύ ειρωνικό, πολύ σκωπτικό και ιδιοφυή άνθρωπο, τον αληθινό Γκεβάρα που έγινε ο επαναστάτης Τσε.

Έτσι στο λεύκωμα ο αναγνώστης θα βρει ανάμεσα στα άλλα: - Δύο αδημοσίευτα διηγήματα καθώς και αδημοσίευτη ποίηση του Τσε - Τα πρώτα του ημερολόγια - Αδημοσίευτες επιστολές στους στενούς του φίλους και στην οικογένειά του - Επιστολές σε συντρόφους του και ιστορικές προσωπικότητες - Αδημοσίευτες λογοτεχνικές κριτικές του - Σημειώματά του στον Τύπο με αναλύσεις διεθνών γεγονότων Αν αυτά ισχύουν για τα κείμενα του τόμου ως προς τις φωτογραφίες η σημασία τους είναι ακόμα πιο εντυπωσιακή: διότι πάρα πολλές από τις φωτογραφίες αυτού του τόμου είναι τραβηγμένες από τον ίδιο (ο Τσε είχε μανία με τη φωτογραφία) ή προέρχονται επίσης από το οικογενειακό αρχείο όπου τη "σκηνοθεσία" είχε κάνει ο ίδιος. Αυτές οι φωτογραφίες δημοσιεύονται εδώ για πρώτη φορά· με τον τρόπο τους προδίδουν τη ματιά του, το ιδιαίτερο βλέμμα του ανθρωπιστή διανοουμένου που ήταν ο Γκεβάρα.

Φυσικά ο τόμος δεν θα μπορούσε να μην περιλαμβάνει μερικές από τις πιο εμβληματικές, τις γνωστές φωτογραφίες του Τσε. Με ένα απλό ξεφύλλισμα ο αναγνώστης αισθάνεται ότι κρατάει στα χέρια του ένα σπάνιο μαυρόασπρο φιλμ με πρωταγωνιστή την πιο αναγνωρίσιμη επαναστατική φυσιογνωμία του εικοστού αιώνα.

Genres: History, Nonfiction, Politics, Biography, Autobiography, Travel

312 pages, Paperback

First published December 1, 2003

About the author

Ernesto "Che" Guevara, commonly known as El Che or simply Che, was a Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, intellectual, guerrilla leader, diplomat, and military theorist. A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, since his death Guevara's stylized visage has become an ubiquitous countercultural symbol and global icon within popular culture.

His belief in the necessity of world revolution to advance the interests of the poor prompted his involvement in Guatemala's social reforms under President Jacobo Arbenz, whose eventual CIA-assisted overthrow solidified Guevara's radical ideology. Later, while living in Mexico City, he met Raúl and Fidel Castro, joined their movement, and travelled to Cuba with the intention of overthrowing the U.S.-backed Batista regime. Guevara soon rose to prominence among the insurgents, was promoted to second-in-command, and played a pivotal role in the successful two year guerrilla campaign that topled the Cuban government.

After serving in a number of key roles in the new government, Guevara left Cuba in 1965 to foment revolution abroad, first unsuccessfully in Congo-Kinshasa and later in Bolivia, where he was captured by CIA-assisted Bolivian forces and executed.

Guevara remains both a revered and reviled historical figure, polarized in the collective imagination in a multitude of biographies, memoirs, essays, documentaries, songs, and films. Time magazine named him one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, while an Alberto Korda photograph of him entitled "Guerrillero Heroico," was declared "the most famous photograph in the world" by the Maryland Institute of Art.

Reviews

[R.Joseph · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is an awesome coffee table book for the revolutionary minded! This book has many photos of Che, photos by Che, and some of Che’s letters and poetry. Unlike other book about Che this one does not try to indoctrinate the reader into becoming a communist.

[Dorie · Rating 4 out of 5]

Self Portrait:Che Guevara
By Ernesto Che Guevara
2004
Ocean Press

A oversized book of B&W photos, and a memoir taken from letters, diaries, poems and journalism that Che left behind in Cuba. Some have never before been published.

I don't necessarily agree with all his politics, or beliefs but then thats true the majority of time. We are all different, but just as important.
The things I liked about Che Guevara are his life as a revolutionary, his grassroots initiatives and his publicizing the inequities of lifestyle and income on society.
I love his zest and energy, and his brave spirit captivating. His excellent skills of observation and analysis are inspiring.
His political journey through Central America and Mexico are included. This memoir is based on an issue of the magazine 'Memoria', produced in 1997 that featured Che.
Thought provoking....hard at times, but really well done with great insight into the Revolutionary Che.

[Andre Z · Rating 3 out of 5]

The first 100 pages, a lot taken from Motorcycle Diaries I presume, were a little hard to sit through at times with the constant detail given to everything Che was seeing, but as it got into his travels to Mexico and subsequently Cuba to lead the Revolution, it's very eye-opening to read through day-to-day notes, seeing personal letters, etc. Especially regarding his ethics and his ideological stance and how people had chosen to present him in media in the past.

[Lizzie · Rating 3 out of 5]

The photos in the book are wonderful. There is also some commentary about Che throughout the book along with some of Che's letters, poems, and journal writings .

[Gillian Eastwood · Rating 5 out of 5]

Loved this book having read others on Che. This isn't a must read but is full of photos which humanised him for me.

[Eren · Rating 5 out of 5]

Bir "coffee table book" olarak tasarlanmış olması kitabı daha okunur ve ilginç kılıyor. Ernesto Guvera'nın "Che" olmadan önce geçtiği yolu, günlüklerini ve mektuplarını okumak onu daha insani bir zeminden görmemizi sağlıyor. Özellikle Latin Amerikayı gezerken günlüğüne aldığı notlar çok edebi ve ilgi çekici. Dönemin ruhunda toplumun eğitimli kesimlerinde entelektüel bilgiye değer verildiğini ve bilgi açlığının olduğu görülebiliyor. Kitap içinde doğrudan Guevara'nın çektiği fotoğraflara yer verilmesi dönemi ve çevreyi O'nun gözünden algılamamızı sağlıyor. 1950-1960 ların politik ve toplumsal olarak kaynayan Latin Amerikasına tanık oluyoruz.

Kitabın ikinci bölümü eklektik bir okuyucu, yazar, gezgin, doktor bir Guevara'nın tamamen politikleşip keskin bir devrimci oluşunu gözler önüne seriyor. Küba'da M26/7 hareketine katılan Guevara Marksist ve Leninist bir çizgiden harekete destek veriyor. Küba için gösterdiği mücadele esnasında Ernesto'nun artık "Commandante Che" olduğuna tanık oluyoruz. Küba'nın son derece ücra ve mahrumiyet bölgesi olan dağlık Sierra Maestra bölgesinde sert koşullarda mücadele sürerken kendi zihnindeki "hombre nuevo" (yeni insan) yaratısına da kendisini adıyor. Yıllar ilerledikçe "Che"ilk gençliğinde gezdiği Latin Amerika'nın suni sınırlarla bölünmüş birbirine çok benzeyen halklarının kurtuluşu için Birleşik Amerika emperyalizmine karşı kesintisiz bir şekilde mücadele edilmesi gerektiği fikrini somutlaştırıyor. "Foco" teorisini ortaya koyan Che bunu doğrulamak için eyleme geçmekte tereddüt etmiyor. Bu açıdan bakıldığında Jean Paul Sartre' ın “Çağımızın eksiksiz insanı” ve “Che çağımızın en tamamlanmış insanıdır, yalnızca bir teorisyen değil, aynı zamanda bu teorilerini sahada uygulayan bir savaşçıdır" yorumunun ne kadar gerçekçi olduğu anlıyoruz. Che, Birleşik Büyük Latin Amerika için ABD emperyalizmine karşı And Dağlarını dev bir Sierra Maestra'ya dönüştürme projesini gerçeğe dönüştürmek için mücadele ederken öldürülüyor. Kitap içinde Bolivya günlüklerinden bölümler aktarıldığı kısımlarda bile berbat koşullara karşın iyimserliğini kaybetmemesi son derece şaşırtıcıdır. Bolivya ordusunca kaybedilen cesedinin 30 yıl sonra bulunması, toplumsal bellekte onu "mesih" seviyesine çıkarıyor. Che Miti' nin geçtiği yolu ve gerçekliğine inanmakta çok zorluk çekeceğiniz hayat hikayesini merak edenler için kitap çok iyi bir bütüncül bir derleme. Okuyucuyu tatmin eden yapısıyla konuyla ilgilenenlere farklı bir bakış açısı sunuyor.

[malenita !! · Rating 4 out of 5]

Emocionante biografía e historia del Che Guevara, personaje y héroe impresindible para reflexionar sobre la historia de Latinoamerica y el amor por la Revolución.

[Daniel · Rating 4 out of 5]

Es interesante de realmente leer las palabras del Che y no solamente la gente critica (los profesores de las universidades que prefieren ensenar sus ideas ideologicas a traves de los artistas y personas de la historia de buscar la verdad). El solo problema con el libro es que las cosas escritas vienen del gobierno y biblioteca de Cuba y, evidentemente, ellos que hacian el libro prefieren hacer del Che un santo y no quieren mostrar su costa mala y racista...(interesantemente, la misma currente de anti-yanquismo y anti-capitalista muy en la moda en las universidades de los Estados Unidos adonde los profesores reciben el dinero de escribir y hablar contra la vida competitiva y la libertad que se come...la ironia jamas se muere mis amigos...)
Hay una seccion cerca del fin que me interesaba mucho...sus escritos a veces profundas sur las obras de literatura de Pablo Neruda y otros. Che realmente fue verdaderamente un "Renaissance Man" y a traves este libro nosotros podemos ver como cerca todos sus escritos tienen el aire y ambiencia de la poesia. Tambien hay las fotos buenos (particularmente una foto con Che y un Fidel Castro muy jovencito en Mexico - sin barba y uniforme de guerrillero y una otra foto con Che leyendo un libro grande de Goethe - ironicamente pienso que es posible que Ernesto ha hacido el mismo pacto con Mephistopheles que Fausto, el mejor proganista de Goethe...)
Pienso que este libro (en espanol y tambien en ingles para mi gente gabacha!) es mucho mejor que leyendo una biografia de siete ciento paginas y el libro tiene muchas de fotas que es perfecto para todos los Che fans que siempre fuma el marijuana y escucha Bob Marley....

[محمد الهاشمي · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is Che portraying himself