Da Natureza da Guerra

by Carl von Clausewitz

O pensador prussiano Carl von Clausenwitz é reconhecido como um dos mais importantes teóricos da estratégia militar.
Foi um pensador filosófico que soube retirar das suas experiências de guerra, tratadas como um fenómeno social, o que nelas havia de importante.
São esses conceitos que conseguiram ultrupassar a sua época, e ainda hoje, pela sua grande relevância, podem ser aplicados em estudos estratégicos do mundo contemporâneo.

Genres: Philosophy, Nonfiction, History, Military Fiction, Classics, War, Politics

Paperback

First published January 1, 1832

About the author

Carl Philipp Gottlieb von Clausewitz was a Prussian soldier, military historian and military theorist. He is most famous for his military treatise Vom Kriege, translated into English as On War.

Clausewitz has served in the Rhine campaign (1793–1794), when the Prussian army invaded France during the French revolution and in the Napoleonic Wars from 1806 to 1815.

Clausewitz helped negotiate the Convention of Tauroggen where Russia, Prussia and the United Kingdom formed an coalition that later defeated Napoleon Bonaparte.

Reviews

[Olethros · Rating 4 out of 5]

-Probablemente, sin superar tras ciento ochenta y dos años.-

Género. Ensayo.

Lo que nos cuenta. Análisis teórico sobre la guerra basado en el pensamiento del autor, su experiencia y su tiempo, desde su propio concepto hasta la generalidad de sus planes operativos, pasando por las fuerzas armadas, el combate y la teoría estratégica. Publicado de manera póstuma, menos de un año después del fallecimiento del autor, con sólo el primer libro, de los ocho que lo componen, revisado por Clausewitz y los siguientes en mayor o menor grado de finalización editorial.

¿Quiere saber más de este libro, sin spoilers? Visite:

http://librosdeolethros.blogspot.com/...

[Marc Lamot · Rating 3 out of 5]

Very interesting, not only because of the well-known martial art-theory ("war is politics with other means"). Also a great theoretical focus, in the line of the positivist Comte, but clearly much more pragmatic and more cautious. Required reading on historical criticism.

[Amirhossian · Rating 3 out of 5]

جای خالی عزیزان ما
همچنین کتاب هایی باید نوشته شود

[Tony · Rating 3 out of 5]

Content interesting, style wooden. Perhaps it's just a poor translation? This book does contain some disturbing echoes; the horrors of war excite repugnance but this is not to get in the way, and moderation in war in absurd. The philanthropist, we are told, believes that war can be fought minimising the losses to both sides, but in war errors that proceed from a spirit of benevolence are the worst.

[اینتاریوش · Rating 2 out of 5]

تا اواخر کتاب معتقد بودم کتاب بدردنخوری هست. شاید چون توی دلم با کتاب هنر نبرد سون تزو یا رساله جنگ وو شی مقایسه اش میکردم که هر دو عملگرا تر بودند. ولی خب اگر کمی چند جانبه تر نگاه کنیم باید دونست که کتاب بیشتر یه کتاب توصیفی هست تا کتاب آموزشی یا دستورالعملی برای جنگ. نویسنده از ابعاد مختلف به جنگ و ماهیت اون و عوامل دخیل و اثر گذار در اون می پردازه و از جهت گستره خیلی جامع هست. شاید جزو معدود کتاب هایی که به احساسات پیرامون جنگ و سیاست و ملی گرایی اشاره کرده ولی زیاد بهشون نپرداخته. نکته ای که اون گستره موضوعات رو به حاصل میکنه چون گرچه کتاب جامع هست ولی کافی نیست. موضوعات زیادی بهشون اشاره میشه بدون اینکه به طور کامل بهشون پرداخته بشه و ضمن اینکه نویسنده بیشتر علاقه به نظریه پردازی داره. توضیفات بدون مثال هست و توضیح عملیاتی هست (بر خلاف هنر جنگ سون تزو و رساله جنگ ووشی).

ضمن اینکه نویسنده از معاصران دوره ناپلئون و وضعیت حاکم بر جوامع اروپایی و شیوه جنگی اون دورانه و نویسنده به غلط تمام شیوه های جنگی در اونچه تا اون زمان دیده و خونده خلاصه میکنه یعنی جنگ های ملت های اروپایی. شاید بشه از این جهت کلاوزویتس رو ملامت نکرد چراکه شخصی که تجربه و دانش چندانی درباره جنگ های گذشته باستان در ملت های دیگر نداره چطور میتونه کتابی بنویسه که برای ملل دیگه در دوران های دیگه کاربرد داشته باشه. اما باید همینجا یادآور شد سون تزو چنین کاری در کتابش کرده و هنر جنگش برای همه ملت ها در همه اعصار و نه فقط نظامی ها، بلکه سیاست مداران، تاجران، معلمان، مدیران و جامعه شناسان مفید واقع شده.
در حالی که بسیاری از نظرات کلاوزویتس برای دنیای مدرن منسوخ شده هستند اما روش های سون تزو کاربردی و هنوزم دارای اعتبارن.

در کل کتابی نبود که ازش راضی باشم و به کسی توصیه اش کنم. گرچه نویسنده یه جاهایی موضوعات خوبی رو به بحث گذشاته ولی پراکنده گویی و کلی گویش باعث شده از همون مطالب هم نشه دانش یا نکته ارزشمندی استخراج شه. دستکم نه چیزی که برای من تازگی داشته باشه یا مفید باشه.
هر چند کتاب مطالقا از موضاعات جالب خالی نبود. مقایسه جنگ به عنوان هنر و جنگ به عنوان علم، اخلاق و فشارهای روانی در جنگ و جنگ به مثابه ابزار سیاستمداران نکات جالب و برجسته ای بودن که شایان توجه هستند‌. این جمله شاید برجسته ترین جمله کتابه که با خودم به یادگار میبرم:

"سیاست زهدانی است که طفل جنگ را در خود می پرورد."

[Luís Gouveia · Rating 5 out of 5]

um pequeno texto, complementar ao seu livro seminal, Da Guerra, realiza uma série estruturada de pensamentos sobre a guerra,a sua definição, os seus objetivos e a sua condução.

Um texto muito estruturado e rico em pensamento que mostra ter sido produzido num quadro de pensamento germanófilo. É também interessante pela forma como articula os conceitos à luz das suas posições.

O texto é ainda mais relevante, num contexto de guerra com o qual somos confrontados. O seu autor apresenta alguns das suas posições mais conhecidas e as fundamenta:
- a guerra é uma mera continuação da política por outros meios,
- a teoria deve ser da natureza da observação e não da doutrina,
- existe uma dificuldade em separar a percepção do julgamento (este último, que o define como a arte da guerra),
-a guerra faz parte do relacionamento entre elementos da raça humana.

Também por isso, constitui um texto relevante para decisores, políticos e até para gestores, pois constitui um excelente texto sobre estratégia.

Definitivamente a ler.

[Daniel Clemence · Rating 4 out of 5]

This book is an overview of the theory or even philosophy of war. It differs from Sun Tzu in that it doesn't go for idealistic claims. Some of its principles I would argue are useful. Clausewitz argues that war is a matter of means towards an end, that understanding should be through observation and analysis, rather than through intuition and that the morale component is critical for victory.

I think his most famous statement "war is a continuation of politics by other means". The setout of this essay is easily understood. Subjects are broken down into subsections that are easily read and understood.

A historical classic text on war.

[Omid Hosseinzadeh · Rating 1 out of 5]

ترجمه نوشته های قدیمی و قابل فهم نمودن آن برای خواننده امروزی کار سخت و دشواری است. ترجمه متن قدیمی در باب یک مساله تخصصی مانند جنگ نیاز به مترجمی دارد که به اصول رزم و جنگ و سیاست آشنا باشد و حتی بتواند با ارائه پانوشت و توضیحات خواننده را راهنمایی کند. امیدوارم مترجم محترم در ترجمه دیگر آثار به این نیاز خواننده توجه کند و برای ترجمه چنین آثاری از مشاوره افسران نظامی تحصیل کرده و آشنا به تاریخ نظامی استفاده کند. همچنین ناشر ایرانی در پشت جلد عکس نیکولو ماکیاولی را به اشتباه به جای کلاوس ویتز چاپ نموده است

[Millstone · Rating 3 out of 5]

Offers a fairly high level overview into what war was 200 years ago rather than posing as any manual of tactics, which as he points out, would have to be a much longer book and which could only draw on the then recent past. As he doesn't say, such a book would now be largely outdated, whereas this is still readable and relevant.

[Richard · Rating 2 out of 5]

Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" for the West - except it's nowhere near as poetic, clever or as universally philosophical as it seems to try (or want) to be. It's very short-sighted in comparison and practically irrelevant now.

[Christopher · Rating 2 out of 5]

A dull abridgment, mostly words with little substance. The occasional meaningful quip is made, but for the most part I feel that little good came from the read.

[Ana · Rating 3 out of 5]

While a lot of these ideas still have application today, it's undeniable that war before WWI was a totally different beast.

[Joe · Rating 2 out of 5]

A dense, theoretical read. I expected to learn more from it, but it's very dry and dense.

[Jonathan · Rating 1 out of 5]

dry history written when the tanks of the day,were the men mounted on horses ,many years before the industrial warfare of the first world war.

[Adam]

Turns out it it very confusing and tough to figure out what is worth looking at and what isn't

[Nick Carraway LLC · Rating 3 out of 5]

1) ''War is nothing but a duel on an extensive scale. If we would conceive as a unit the countless number of duels which make up a War, we shall do so best by supposing to ourselves two wrestlers. Each strives by physical force to compel the other to submit to his will: each endeavours to throw his adversary, and thus render him incapable of further resistance.
War therefore is an act of violence intended to compel our opponent to fulfil our will.''

2) ''But War is no pastime; no mere passion for venturing and winning; no work of a free enthusiasm: it is a serious means for a serious object. All that appearance which it wears from the varying hues of fortune, all that it assimilates into itself of the oscillations of passion, of courage, of imagination, of enthusiasm, are only particular properties of this means.''

3) ''Therefore it is easier to determine, by theoretical rules, the order and conduct of a battle, than the use to be made of the battle itself. Yonder physical weapons clash with each other, and although mind is not wanting therein, matter must have its rights.''

4) ''We say therefore War belongs not to the province of Arts and Sciences, but to the province of social life. It is a conflict of great interests which is settled by bloodshed, and only in that is it different from others. It would be better, instead of comparing it with any Art, to liken it to a business competition, which is also a conflict of human interests and activities; and it is still more like State policy, which again, on its part, may be looked upon as a kind of business competition on a great scale. Besides, State policy is the womb in which War is developed, in which its outlines lie hidden in a rudimentary state, like the qualities of living creatures in their germs.''

[Jon A · Rating 2 out of 5]

This was painful. Found some gold in there, but after digging, digging, digging... the theoritization of war is obviously not my cup of tea.