A special book that encapsulates the life and teachings of Sri Ramana Maharshi, the Sadguru (“the Guru who has realized Oneness with the Spirit that is the Self of all”).
The book opens with Sri Bhagavan’s “Awakening” to Self-realization when he was yet a schoolboy named Venkataraman, untrained in religious theory. There was “no quest, no striving, no conscious preparation” for what was about to happen to him.
Sitting alone at his uncle’s house one day, a “sudden violent fear of death overtook” him. “The shock of the fear of death drove my mind inwards and I said to myself mentally, without actually framing the words: ‘Now death has come; what does it mean? What is it that is dying? This body dies.’ And I at once dramatized the occurrence of death.”
He lay on the floor, limbs stretched out stiff, acting out his own death.
“‘Well then,’ I said to myself, ‘this body is dead. It will be carried stiff to the burning ground and there burnt and reduced to ashes. But with the death of this body am I dead? Is the body ‘I’? It is silent and inert but I feel the full force of my personality and even the voice of the ‘I’ within me, apart from it. So I am Spirit transcending the body. The body dies but the Spirit that transcends it cannot be touched by death. That means I am the deathless Spirit.’”
This brief childhood experience encapsulates Bhagavan’s ‘Path of Self-Knowledge’ that he spent the rest of his life instructing to his devotees, mostly in silence. The object of meditation never differed: it is always this ‘I’; the ego. “Who am I?” Is one’s mantra, the root of all thought, the ‘First thought’ that provides roots for all others to branch off.
Maharshi said, “Find out who the ‘I’ is, the seer or thinker, and his abode.” This is the obstacle to Realization, Liberation. “These bodies and minds are only the tools of the ‘I’, the illimitable Spirit.” In Reality, “A man is identical with the Self, which is our Being, pure Consciousness, pure Bliss, but the mind creates the illusion of a separate individuality.”
This “Oneness” is the core concept in the Hindu doctrine of Advaita, or “Non-duality.” Nothing exists apart from the Spirit, but everything is a form assumed by the Spirit. This is to be contrasted by the Dvaitists, or Dualists, who worship a Personal God separate from the worshipper. The Advaitists don’t dismiss the truth of this conception but go beyond it to the Absolute in which a man is absorbed back into That which is his Source and real Self, “surviving in the pure Bliss and boundless Consciousness of Being.”
This book is most useful for Westerners wanting an introduction to Eastern thought that can otherwise confuse our strong-egos and dualistic tendencies. There’s many riddle-like dialogues between Bhagavan and Western devotees seeking his wisdom, answers, and Grace.
Personally, it answered something that has long perplexed me about the concept of Maya, or “illusion.” One hears often that the “world is Maya/illusion/unreal”, but the Western mind requires an explanation of in what sense it is unreal. Sri Bhagavan explains this most concisely on page 92:
“Shankaracharya has been criticized for his philosophy of Maya (illusion) without understanding his meaning. He made three statements: that Brahman is real, that the universe is unreal, and that Brahman is the universe. He did not stop with the second. The third statement explains the first two; it signifies that when the universe is perceived apart from Brahman that perception is false and illusory. What it amounts to is that phenomena are real when experienced as the Self and illusory when seen apart from the Self.”