Book about A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, the founder of ISKCON/the Hare Krishna movement.
Born in 1896 in India, Swami Prabhupada grew up in a devout Vaishnava family. Although he was interested in India’s independence movement, he became increasingly focused on spiritual matters. Under his teacher, Bhaktisiddhanta Saraswati, he dreamed of spreading Krishna devotion to the world. He wanted to go to America first; as a hyper‑materialistic, greedy society, it would be the perfect place to reach spiritually sick people.
Swami Prabhupada became a pharmacist, married, and had children, but always worked toward saving enough money to travel to America. When he traveled to America in 1965, he didn’t have much money; his wife and most of his kids were furious with him for leaving, and he suffered two heart attacks on the voyage. However, when he arrived in NYC, he appealed greatly to young hippies who were looking for God. The movement became incredibly successful, especially among the counterculture; eventually George Harrison converted. When he died, ISKCON had followers all around the world.
Philosophically, ISKCON is centered on devotion to Krishna, not only as the Supreme Being and God, but as a personal being toward whom devotees cultivate intense feelings of love and devotion. They reject the view that God is impersonal (Mayavada philosophy) or materialist beliefs that happiness can be found through sense pleasures. The movement has its roots in the teachings of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu from the 15th and 16th centuries and a longer tradition of Krishna devotion.
Devotees swear off premarital sex, gambling, intoxicants, and meat; no small feat for the hippies. Many shave their heads, wear robes or saris, and take on new names. Worship centers on chanting the Hare Krishna mantra, dancing, and reading and studying holy texts (especially the Bhagavad Gita and Srimad Bhagavatam). ISKCON worship is public and ecstatic; there is lots of dancing, public chanting, festivals, and brightly colored dress.
The author, Joshua Greene, is a Hare Krishna, so this reads like a hagiography. He clearly loves Swami Prabhupada, and it was cool to gain insight into that devotion. On the other hand, difficult moments don’t get explored much; namely Swami Prabhupada leaving behind his family.
It’s fascinating to read about ISKCON. The worship is celebratory and ecstatic, focused on creating intense feelings of love and devotion toward Krishna. On the other hand, it’s hard to imagine that such a demanding religion took hold among the wild hippies. An interesting insight into a person and a religious movement.
There were some funny clashes between ISKCON and the culture. Allen Ginsberg introduced Swami Prabhupada at a concert, saying that the Hare Krishna mantra was great to chant during a bad acid trip; he forgot the no‑intoxicants rule. Devotees got a place on Hollywood Boulevard but were kicked out for being too noisy. Swami Prabhupada debated a Jesuit cardinal on whether animals have souls, and so on.
Quotes
“The West” implied America, from all accounts a most unpleasant place where everyone ate meat, drank alcohol, and frequented speakeasies where women, it was told, exposed their legs! God only knew what else went on in such places. Americans were the wealthiest, the most heathen, and yet the most influential people on earth. Certainly if the Americans took up Mahaprabhu’s mission, it could spread anywhere. But what were the odds of that ever happening?”
“In his discussions with members of the Gaudiya Math, Abhay found not the dry piety of institutional religion but something much more exciting. Krishna consciousness, as presented in his guru’s institution, was more like a roiling volcano of the soul’s ecstatic love of God, nurtured in stages of spiritual awakening.”
“Krishna was a person, souls were persons, and personhood was glorious. Personhood was the prerequisite to love. They couldn’t love a cloud or a vacuum. Love occurred between individuals, and according to the Swami, the highest love was between the individual soul and the Supreme Soul.”
“Hippies are our best potential. Although they are young, they are already dissatisfied with material life and frustrated. Not knowing what to do, they turn to drugs. So let them come to us, and we will show them spiritual activities. Once they engage in Krishna consciousness, all these anarthas, unwanted things, will fall away.”