Tam quốc chí

by Chen Shou, Trần Thọ, Bùi Thông (Dịch giả)

Bộ sử Tam quốc chí bản tiếng Việt ra mắt cuối tháng 5. Đây là bộ sử liệu về thời đại Tam Quốc của Trung Quốc, được Trần Thọ biên soạn vào thế kỷ thứ ba.
Tam quốc chí chính là nền tảng để hơn 1.000 năm sau, La Quán Trung xây dựng Tam quốc diễn nghĩa - một trong "tứ đại danh tác" của văn học cổ điển Trung Quốc.
Trong khi tiểu thuyết của La Quán Trung được viết với phương pháp "bảy thực ba hư", nhân vật bị cường điệu hóa theo quan điểm "ủng Lưu phản Tào", các tình tiết được thêm thắt, xáo trộn, Tam quốc chí là một cơ sở dữ liệu hoàn chỉnh, chân thực về tình hình biến loạn của một thời kỳ, về các mưu mô tranh bá đồ vương của các thế lực quân phiệt, nỗi thống khổ của lê dân suốt trăm năm chiến loạn.
Trong Tam quốc chí có nhiều nhân vật lịch sử không được Tam quốc diễn nghĩa nhắc đến hoặc chỉ nói thoáng qua nhưng có tác động không nhỏ đến cảnh biến loạn của thời kỳ đó.
Việc biên dịch Tam quốc chí bắt đầu từ cách đây khoảng 10 năm, khởi nguồn từ thú vui của một nhóm bạn bè yêu thích thời đại Tam quốc. Sau khi dịch được khá nhiều bản thô, nhóm dịch thuật gồm Bùi Thông, Phạm Thành Long, Võ Hoàng Giang bắt đầu có ý định gom làm thành sách như một thú vui.
Khoảng cuối năm 2013, nhóm hoàn thành phần dịch thô, bắt đầu thống nhất cách thức, chú thích, cách phân đoạn, chỉnh lý ngữ nghĩa. Tác phẩm hoàn thành năm 2015.
Nhóm dịch thuật cho biết họ gặp nhiều khó khăn trong quá trình dịch Tam quốc chí. Đây là một bộ cổ sử, viết bằng ngôn ngữ Hán cổ, rất khác Hán văn hiện đại. Ở Trung Quốc, các dịch giả nước này đã biên dịch thành các bản bạch thoại để phổ cập trong cộng đồng.
Khi dịch bộ sách này, ngoài bản gốc Hán văn cổ, nhóm dịch thuật phải sưu tầm rất nhiều tài liệu nói đến thời Tam quốc, các bản dịch bạch thoại... để đối chiếu. Mục tiêu của nhóm là truyền đạt đúng nội dung tác phẩm, biểu đạt ngôn ngữ chính xác, cố giữ nét văn cổ.
Bộ cổ sử có rất nhiều điển tích giải nghĩa lời nói, hành động của nhân vật hay lời bình phẩm của người viết sách về nhân vật. Điều này cũng được các dịch giả chú tâm biên dịch nhằm truyền tải nội dung ý văn đến độc giả.

Genres: History, Nonfiction

2400 pages, Hardcover

First published April 1, 2008

About the author

Chen Shou (233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo, was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. He started his career as an official in the state of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era but was demoted and sent out of the capital for his refusal to fawn on Huang Hao, an influential court eunuch in Shu in its twilight years. After the fall of Shu in 263, Chen Shou's career entered a period of stagnation before Zhang Hua recommended him to serve in the Jin government. He held mainly scribal and secretarial positions under the Jin government before dying from illness in 297. He had over 200 writings – about 30 of which he co-wrote with his relatives – attributed to him.

Reviews

[Lucas · Rating 4 out of 5]

Đầy đủ, nhưng thực sự là không hay bằng Diễn nghĩa. Sự khác biệt giữa trường phái hiện thực và lãng mạn là ở chỗ này sao?

[Barack Liu · Rating 5 out of 5]

361-Records of the Three Kingdoms-Chen Shou-History-280

Barack
2021/09/20

"Records of the Three Kingdoms", created in 280~290 years. It records the chronological history of the Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu dynasties in the Three Kingdoms period of China, and is one of the "pre-four histories" with the highest evaluation in the twenty-four histories. There are 30 volumes of Wei Shu, 15 volumes of Shu Shu, and 20 volumes of Wu Shu. At that time, there were historical books in Wei and Wu, which were the basic materials on which Chen Shou was based. The Shuhan did not have the post of official historian, so he collected it by himself and only got 15 volumes.

The Three Kingdoms were first circulated separately in the three books of "Wei Shu", "Shu Shu" and "Wu Shu". In order to avoid confusion between Cao Wei's "Wei Shu" and Northern Wei's "Wei Shu" during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty combined the three books into one book in the sixth year of Xianping ( 1003 ) and finally became a book. Therefore, "Three Kingdoms" is the product of cultural reintegration after the end of the period of the separation of the three kingdoms. This book fully narrates the history of China's transition from division to unity during the nearly 100 years from the end of the Han Dynasty to the beginning of the Jin Dynasty.

"Three Kingdoms" is also the most special one in the twenty-four history, because it is too brief, it does not record the "table" of the lineages of princes and hundreds of officials, nor does it record economics, geography, officials, rituals, music, and calendars. "Zhi" does not conform to the norms of general official history established by "Historical Records" and "Han Shu".

Chen Shou was born in Anshan County, Brazil County (now Nanchong City, Sichuan Province) in 233, and died in 297. Representative works: "The History of the Three Kingdoms", "The History of the Ancient Kingdoms", "The Old Biography of Yidu Qi", etc. Chen Shou was studious when he was young, and his teacher was the same as the county scholar Qiao Zhou. In the Shu Han Dynasty, he served as the director of General Wei, the secretary of Dongguan, the history of Grange, and the minister of Sanqi Huangmen. At that time, the eunuch Huang Hao had the authority, and the ministers all followed suit. Chen Shou was repeatedly dismissed because he refused to submit to Huang Hao. After Shu descended to the Jin Dynasty, he successively held the posts of writing Lang, Changguang Perfect, Zhishu Daiyu Shi, Prince Zhongshuzi, and so on. In his later years, he was demoted and criticized many times.

Table of Contents
Three Kingdoms Volume One Wei Shuyi
Three Kingdoms Volume 2 Wei Shu 2
Three Kingdoms Volume 31 Shu Shu 1
Three Kingdoms Volume Thirty Two Shu Shu II
Three Kingdoms Volume 46 Wu Shuyi
Volume IV seventeen Three Kingdoms Wu Shu-two

" Tao Zu is very alert and has the right to count, but Ren Xia is debauched and will not rule the industry, so the world is not surprising; but Liang Guoqiao Xuan and Nanyang He Yong are different. Xuan said that Taizu said: "The world will be chaotic. Ji Ye, who can be safe, is yours! " "

If Cao Cao was born in a peaceful and prosperous age, it may be a negative example of a violation of law and discipline. But he is in troubled times, he may be the overlord of the world. Personal efforts are closely linked to the trend of the times. How can one not carefully examine the direction of the times?

" General He Jin and Yuan Shao are plotting to punish the eunuch, but the queen's mother refuses to listen. Jin is to call Dong Zhuo. If he wants to threaten the queen's mother, Zhuo will not come and come and kill him. Zhuo arrives, the abolished emperor sets up an emperor for the king of Hongnong, and there is great chaos in Kyoto. "

Asking God is easy to send God hard. The queen mother nominally listens to politics and has the highest authority, but the premise is that she must have her own armed forces. In troubled times, what is really useful is military strength. In order to persecute the queen's mother, it has brought real threats. Sometimes it's a good intention, but if you make a mistake, it will be forever.

" Zhuo Bingqiang, Shao, and others dare not advance. This said: "When the volunteers are used to punish the riots, the masses are already united, why do you doubt? Xiang Dong Zhuo heard the army from Shandong, relying on the weight of the royal family, according to the risk of two weeks, eastward to face the world; although he walked without the way, he would still be in trouble. Today, the palace is burned, the emperor is robbed and moved, the sea is shaken, and he does not know where to return. It will be the time of death. The world is set in World War I, and you can't lose it. "Then he drew troops to the west and took control of Cheng Gao. "

See event and cherish the body, see a small profit, and forget life. Natural alliance on with hidden dangers, loose structure, easily each separately. If the opponent is weak, then the parties will not give in when fighting for benefits; if the opponent is tyrannical, then the parties will cover up when fighting.

" Looking at the political decline of the emperor, and the royal family's many problems, it is recommended that the governor, the prefect, bribery as officials, and cut off the people, leading to rebellion. You can choose to be the minister of the Qing Dynasty as uncle shepherd and Zhenan Fangxia. "

Looking at the history of China, the root of the demise of an empire often lies in oneself. No matter how great the external pressure is, but if the internal is as solid as a rock and persist, there will probably be a turning point. If the interior is torn apart, even if there is no crisis in the first place, it will arouse the covetousness of interested people.

"Returning loose, destroying Cao Gong, and persuading Zhang to exterminate himself, because Zhang said: "Liu Yuzhou, make the king's heart and soul, can communicate with him. "Zhang is the case, sending the law to the ancestor, Xun Youlingzheng and Meng Da sent thousands of troops to help the ancestor defend the defense, and then returned. Later Songfu said Zhang and said: "Pang Xi, the generals of the prefecture. Li Yi, Li Yi, and others all rely on their arrogance. If they want to have foreign intentions, if they don't have to Yuzhou, then the enemy will attack the outside, and the people will attack the inside. "Zhang followed it again, and the law was sent to the first lord. The lord Zhang booked Huang Quan and Chen Qi’s interests and engaged in the remonstrance of the Guanghan King’s exhaustion from the county’s Yuzhou Gate. Come home like home."

Everyone told me to make decisions, often have their own intentions, we need a clear grasp of each other's intentions, if the other party's interests and their interests are not the same fronts, its observations and recommendations need to be carefully considered.

"The first master, Shaogu, and the mother trader weaving mats as a career. There are mulberry trees growing more than five feet tall on the southeast corner of the house. I can see children like a car cover in the distance. Those who come and go blame this tree for its extraordinary, or it is said that it is a noble person. When the first master was young, he played with the children in the Zongzhong under the tree, saying: "I must ride this feather to cover the car. "Uncle and son Jing said: "You don't lie, and destroy my door?" ""

Everyone who is famous is always looking for evidence that was unique when he was a teenager. As long as it succeeds, people will look for materials in the old paper to pass on for you. After all, heroes are judged by success or failure.

"When I was seventeen years old, I carried a boat to Qiantang with my father, and the pirate Hu Yu and others looted Jia people's property from the village, and they were divided on the shore, and the boats did not dare to enter. Jian said that the father said:" This thief can be attacked, please discuss it. "Father said:" Fei Er Zuo also. "Jianxing went ashore with a knife, pointing things with his hands, and if the soldiers in the branch were like a thief. The thief saw it and thought that the officers and soldiers would arrest him, and then the property would be scattered. If he pursued it hard, he would be cut off to pay it back; Father; Shocked. "

A man is brave class style, or wise typestyle, in fact, when I was younger to see out. The following circumstances are different, and there may be different developments and trends, but the general direction is already there.

"In the first year of Zhongping, Zhang Jiao, the commander of the Huangzhong thief, started in Wei County. He had gods, sent eight envoys to teach the world with good Taoism, and subtly connected with each other, calling himself Huang Tiantaiping. , The world responds, burns counties and counties, and kills officials. "

Zhang Jiao was so powerful, but he didn't have the last laugh. However, it did not directly overthrow the Han Dynasty, but it shook the foundation of the Han Dynasty. In some things, the first mover has the first-mover advantage; but it also faces the greatest pressure. This unpredictable probability is probably destiny?

" Wen calls Zhuo in the edict, Zhuo Liangjiu is warm. Wen blames Zhuo, Zhuo responds to troubles. Sitting at a hard time, Zhuo whispered that Wen said: "Zhuo is not guilty and speaks loudly. It is advisable to call him from time to time, Chen The military slasher Wen said: "Zhuo Su is famous between Long and Shu. Today, he kills him, and he will go west without support." Jian said: "Ming Gong's prince led the king's soldiers, and the world is majestic. Why is Yu Zhuo? Guan Zhuo said It is not false to be public, lighter than rude, one crime. Zhang, Sui domineering after years, when to discuss with the time, but Zhuo Yun is not possible, the suspicious of the army, two crimes. Zhuo accepts no success, answers the call Long staying, and arrogant pride, three sins. The famous generals in ancient times fought in front of the crowd, and there were no demonstrators who kept beating the demonstrators. Raju killed Zhuangjia, and Wei Jiang slaughtered Yang Gan. Today, Ming Gong pays attention to Zhuo, Immediately add punishment, loss and threaten, so he is in ." Wen couldn't bear to make a move, but said: "Let's payback, Zhuo will be suspicious." Jiancai came out. "

No one can accurately predict the future. Regardless of what happened to Dong Zhuo later, everything should be justified. If you trouble Dong Zhuo, you must give him a reasonable charge.

[Ngotantien · Rating 5 out of 5]

Tác phẩm kinh điển của văn học Trung Hoa, một cuốn sách đáng dành thời gian để đọc.

[FantasticRICHAR · Rating 5 out of 5]

很给力，可以的

[Xiang Li · Rating 5 out of 5]

乎乎半年。迷人的曹孟德。吴屡次迁都 上帝视角来看 很有道理。汉这个政权实在是...要是没诸葛亮...

[Shuai Zhang · Rating 5 out of 5]

Definitely my favorite. Must read immediately after reading Romance of the Three Kingdoms to avoid confusion of facts versus fiction