The Time Traders by Andre Norton
Ideally, I should have read this book before reading its sequel, Galactic Derelict. As a result, I missed out on some of the suspense and mystery contained in the plot of The Time Traders. However, reading the second book first did not seriously affect my enjoyment of this first book in Norton’s series of novels featuring Ross Murdock.
Like Galactic Derelict, The Time Traders is primarily an action novel rather than one of introspection or big ideas. In spite of this, it does contain a fair number of interesting points about history and prehistory, even though more accurate and detailed information is now available concerning some aspects. For example, the end of the last ice age is now considered to be closer to our modern age than was thought in the 1950s. The author did produce a revised version of The Time Traders in 2000 to address certain issues and adjust the setting of the story from the 1970s to the twenty-first century. Another such revision concerns the overly pessimistic view of the prospects for space travel adopted in the 1958 edition, although there it does serve to explain why scientists turn their attention to the possibility of time travel instead.
Comparing this book and its sequel, I feel that The Time Traders is more tightly plotted and gripping than Galactic Derelict. In the latter book, there are some descriptions of periods when the crew is shut up in the spacecraft between planets which I felt became a little tedious. The first novel in the series does not suffer from any such monotony, and moves along quickly and fluidly all the way to its finale (although some readers may find the repetitious capture-escape-capture device slightly annoying. This did not bother me, though, since each experience was sufficiently different to maintain my interest). Of course, in common with much pulp fiction (such as the adventures written by Edgar Rice Burroughs), coincidence and almost unbelievable good and bad fortune create much of the tension and excitement.
Poul Anderson began to publish his Time Patrol series in the mid fifties, and there are some similarities between The Time Traders and those stories. Anderson’s work, however, was much more concerned with the nature of timelines and what would happen if they were changed. The style of writing in Time Patrol also became progressively more lyrical and the content increasingly profound and poignant (see The Sorrow of Odin the Goth for an excellent example).
I must say that I rate The Time Traders more highly than Galactic Derelict, despite the inventiveness apparent in the latter novel. I do recommend reading these two books in the order in which they were published to get the most out of them.
I suppose the logical next step for me would be to begin reading the third book in the series, The Defiant Agents.
Following are some quotations from the text of the book, selected to demonstrate the quality and style of the writing and some of the interesting content:
"The Reds shot up Sputnik and then Muttnik… . When—? Twenty-five years ago. We got up our answers a little later. There were a couple of spectacular crashes on the moon, then that space station that didn't stay in orbit, after that—stalemate. In the past quarter century we've had no voyages into space, nothing that was prophesied. Too many bugs, too many costly failures.
For some reason, though the Reds now have their super, super gadgets, they are not yet ready to use them. Sometimes the things work, and sometimes they fail. Everything points to the fact that the Reds are now experimenting with discoveries which are not basically their own——"
"Time travel has been written up in fiction; it has been discussed otherwise as an impossibility. Then we discover that the Reds have it working——"
"There is evidence that the poles of our world have changed and that this northern region was once close to being tropical. Any catastrophe violent enough to bring about a switch in the poles of this planet might well have wiped out all traces of a civilization, no matter how superior. We have good reason to believe that such a people must have existed, but we must find them."
Teach a man to kill, as in war, and then you have to recondition him later. "But during these same wars we also develop another type. He is the born commando, the secret agent, the expendable man who lives on action. There are not many of this kind, and they are potent weapons. In peacetime that particular collection of emotions, nerve, and skills becomes a menace to the very society he has fought to preserve during a war. He is pressured by the peaceful environment into becoming a criminal or a misfit.
"The men we send out from here to explore the past are not only given the best training we can possibly supply for them, but they are all of the type once heralded as the frontiersman. History is sentimental about that type—when he is safely dead—but the present finds him difficult to live with. Our time agents are misfits in the modern world because their inherited abilities are born out of season now.
"Do you know, Murdock, that bronze can be tougher than steel? If it wasn't that iron is so much more plentiful and easier to work, we might never have come out of the Bronze Age? Iron is cheaper and easier found, and when the first smith learned to work it, an end came to one way of life, a beginning to another.
The Beaker people were an excellent choice for infiltration. They were not a closely knit clan, suspicious of strangers and alert to any deviation from the norm, as more race-conscious tribes might be. For they lived by trade, leaving to Ross's own time the mark of their far-flung "empire" in the beakers found in graves scattered in clusters of a handful or so from the Rhineland to Spain, and from the Balkans to Britain.
"The Reds have made new discoveries which we have to match, or we will go under. But back in time we have to be careful, both of us, or perhaps destroy the world we do live in."
"When you have only one road, you take it," Ashe replied.
It was something that had so long been laughed to scorn. When men had failed to break into space after the initial excitement of the satellite launchings, space flight had become a matter for jeers.
…a gentleman named Charles Fort, who took a lot of pleasure in pricking what he considered to be vastly over-inflated scientific pomposity. He gathered together four book loads of reported incidents of unexplainable happenings which he dared the scientists of his day to explain. And one of his bright suggestions was that such phenomena as the vast artificial earthworks found in Ohio and Indiana were originally thrown up by space castaways to serve as S O S signals.
Do you have any idea how long ago that was, counting from our own time? There were at least three glacial periods—and we don't know in which one the Reds went visiting. That age began about a million years before we were born, and the last of the ice ebbed out of New York State some thirty-eight thousand years ago…
Civilizations rise, exist, and fall, each taking with it into the limbo of forgotten things some of the discoveries which made it great. How did the Indian civilizations of the New World learn to harden gold into a usable point for a cutting weapon? What was the secret of building possessed by the ancient Egyptians? Today you will find plenty of men to argue these problems and half a hundred others.
The Romans knew China. Then came an end to each of these empires, and those trade routes were forgotten. To our European ancestors of the Middle Ages, China was almost a legend, and the fact that the Egyptians had successfully sailed around the Cape of Good Hope was unknown.
"I might make one guess—the Reds have been making an all-out effort for the past hundred years to open up Siberia. In some sections of that huge country there have been great climatic changes almost overnight in the far past. Mammoths have been discovered frozen in the ice with half-digested tropical plants in their stomach. It's as if the beasts were given some deep-freeze treatment instantaneously."
We don't know too much about the ax people, save that they moved west from the interior plains. Eventually they crossed to Britain; perhaps they were the ancestors of the Celts who loved horses too. But in their time they were a tidal wave."
It is always impossible—he was conscious again with that strange clarity of mind—for a man to face his own death honestly. A man always continues to believe to the last moment of his life that something will intervene to save him.