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L'uomo Delinquente, In Rapporto All'antropologia, Alla Giurisprudenza Ed Alle Discipline Carcerarie, Volume 1; Volume 1; Volume 7 Of Biblioteca Antropologico-giuridica, Ser. 1; L'uomo Delinquente, In Rapporto All'antropologia, Alla Giurisprudenza Ed Alle Discipline Carcerarie; Cesare Lombroso
Italian criminologist, physician, and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology. Lombroso rejected the established Classical School, which held that crime was a characteristic trait of human nature.
Instead, using concepts drawn from physiognomy, early eugenics, psychiatry and Social Darwinism, Lombroso's theory of anthropological criminology essentially stated that criminality was inherited, and that someone "born criminal" could be identified by physical defects, which confirmed a criminal as savage, or atavistic.
I'm never sure how to rate works of science that have been discredited. Do you rate them low because they don't apply at the moment, or do you rate them high because, at their time, it was the best of the researchers' abilities? I'll stand with a safe *3 stars*, even though "liked it" is not appropriate term.
My primary academic focus is criminology. First lesson we ever had in basic theory - year 1, day 1 - was Lombroso, because you cannot deny his input into the world of objective, scientific study of evil and crime. Of course, in 2016, his theories are pathetically old-fashioned and ridiculous to even mutter in a current project, but at their time they were an absolute revelation - that some people could be criminals by nature, that sometimes you can't help it, and that you can prevent it. That was the big thing. Prevention. You can stop crime from happening by educating and taking care with whom you're dealing.
Naturally, I found this book very interesting. It might not be that interesting for everyone else, and you do have to ignore a lot of your 21st century common sense in order to read it, but it gives insight into the foundation stones of an entire species of science.
"Se poate conchide, fără să comitem o eroare grosolană, că moralitatea şi pedeapsa au apărut, în mare parte din crimă." Criminalitatea văzută ca stare naturală în regnul animal, firească printre sălbatici şi moderată, până înspre dispariţie, de către religie şi morală printre oamenii civilizaţi.