Grimes, Nikki. (2002). When Daddy Prays. Ill. Tim Ladwig. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans Books for Young Readers
Nikki Grimes works with painter-illustrator Tim Ladwig to bring to life the beautiful, tender relationship between father and son in a devout African-American family in When Daddy Prays, a collection of 14 poems appropriate for young and emerging readers in early- to mid-elementary school. The theme of the collection is incredibly relatable to any child growing up in a home where faith is important: that true strength and power are attained through a spiritual connection with a higher power. In this specific book, the higher power is the Christian god, to whom the young main character's father prays for help and guidance in every aspect of his life, from lighthearted times (like finding lost keys or cheering at a baseball game) to more serious occasions (like comforting a child sick with fever).
Many poetic devices are at work in the poem “When Daddy Prays” (p. 7). The key phrase “when Daddy prays” is repeated at the beginning and end of each stanza, adding to the distinct, driving rhythm of the alternating weak-strong beat. Onomatopoeia is present in the sound of the angels' whispers floating the boy off to sleep with a velvet “husssshhh.” These devices work with the carefully-chosen words of the piece to convey the theme. It is not often that we attribute strength with someone whose “muscled shoulders shake” or whose “lips become all trembly” or who has “tears in his voice,” but that is exactly the message Grimes is sending in this poem—that the peace that falls over the boy as he drifts off to sleep is a direct result of his father's strength in deep and meaningful prayer. The second stanza of the poem is brought to life in the accompanying illustration, where a trio of angels “tiptoe down the hall” outside the young boy's room, shushing one another. Compared to the boy, who can easily be covered by a thumb, the angels are immense, taking up nearly an entire page. The gutter separates the young boy from the angels almost entirely. The only thing crossing the gutter is one of the angels hands, so that his fingertips are resting on the frame of the boy's open bedroom door. This gives the impression that even though he cannot see the angels, he can still sense their presence. The delight on his face strengthens this impression. The use of lighting and color here is compelling, as in many of the other illustrations, with the angels illuminated in golden light, which spreads through the dark hallway from their glowing bodies and makes the colors vibrant. This light is also symbolic of the spreading calm the boy feels when he hears his father praying, as if the presence of spirituality in his family and home is as warming to him as the light is to the hallway. Comically, the rollerblades left in the hallway (barely noticeable at first glance) foreshadow a future poem in which the father trips over them and gets angry.
One of the more serious poems in the book is presented on page 27. In the piece “Hot Head,” the boy is feeling ill on a Monday night. Word choice illuminates the traditions of Monday nights, with the little boy telling us first that they're “holy as Sunday” in the eyes of his father, who “coaches TV football from an easy chair.” This paints a picture in the reader's mind, and it is the word “coaches” that truly allows us to expand upon exactly what Daddy looks like when watching football—raising his voice when a play doesn't go as planned, gesturing energetically to the TV, getting excited and yelling in victory when a play goes well. The boy also explains how the children are expected to “tiptoe” during the games, giving the impression that Daddy doesn't like to be disturbed. But on this particular Monday, the boy has a fever and goes to his father, who holds him and prays for him. The illustration brings the depth of his caring to life, showing that he tends to his son with gentle strength even though his game has been disturbed. The shadow-thick lines of his arms encircle the sick child, giving a sense of deep comfort and love. The color palette here is brighter than normal, the bright orange-rust skin tone the most noticeable. It looks not warm and comfortable, but hot, an expression of how uncomfortable the fever must be for the boy. His facial expression bares the frown of sickness and discomfort, but also seems at peace in his father's capable arms. The father himself appears worried, but calm as well, as if both father and son are gathering strength from the other and from prayer. The perspective of the illustration is from above, as if we are looking at the pair through heavenly eyes.
The poetry of When Daddy Prays seeks to spread the message of togetherness and love that come with the spirituality of a religion. The illustrations deeply enhance the meaning of each of the fourteen poems, bathing each figure in rich golden light to produce warm, comforting colors. Had we ever doubted the strength and goodness that Daddy receives from his religion, we simply have to look at the shining happiness on his face in the very last poem-less illustration to feel the warmth it brings to him.