In 1914, the first year of the war, Rupert Brooke wrote, "Now, God be thanked Who has matched us with His hour,/And caught our youth, and awakened us from sleeping,..." He died later that year on his way to the Dardanelles and is buried in Greece. And in 1918, the last year of the war, Wilfred Owen wrote, "My friend, you would not tell with such high zest/To children ardent for some desperate glory, The old Lie; Dulce et Decorum est/Pro patria mori." He was killed on the battlefield a few months later, a few months before the war ended.
Such sentiments are bookends for World War I. But that is also an oversimplification. In his very fine book, Some Desperate Glory: The First World War the Poets Knew," Egeremont shows, through their poetry, that the initial euphoria and surge of patriotism for the war and for England ended with disillusionment, war weariness, horror at the destruction and devastation that they witnessed on the battlefield, and a skepticism about the England they would be returning to (if they survived). But it's not all an emotional straight line. It's not all from a surge of jingoism or high patriotism to anti-war sentiments or pacifism. If Brooke had not died so early in the war, would his enthusiasm for it have lasted? There are some indications that it wouldn't have. And in one of Owen's last letters to his mother he wrote, "Have no anxiety. I cannot do a better thing or be in a righter place... ."
Egremont focuses on eleven poets who fought in the war and, with immediacy, recorded their feelings about their experiences. Some we still read, or at least remember, today - Owen, Sassoon, Brooke, Graves (although perhaps not for his poetry) - and others - Grenfell, Rosenberg, Sorley, Thomas, Nichols, Blunden, Gurney - have been lost to time. Their poems and their reputations have waxed and waned, depending upon the literary tastes of the day. Almost no one of them survived en tact. They died in battle or they returned to England and suffered nervous breakdowns. Today we would call it PTSD. Sassoon returned disillusioned, bitter, and eventually retreated from active society but ended up writing patriotic poems about WW II. In the horror of the trenches they wrote about, they also wrote loving memories of the English countryside.
Egremont organizes his book year-by-year (1914-1918), with brief biographic information on the poets followed by a selection of the poems they wrote that year. It is quite an effective way to present the poets, their poems, and an abbreviated account of the progress (or not) of the war. It is also sometimes difficult to keep the lesser known poets straight.
More than twice as many Brits were killed in WW I than in WW II and more poets seem to have gone to war and were killed in WW I than in almost any other of England's wars. Some of the leading literary lights of the time scorned the early enthusiasm of poets such as Brooke or thought the poets were "brave savages who enjoyed killing," but they didn't enlist, knew nothing of the battlefield firsthand. Others such as Kipling and John Buchan admired these poets and their poems. I think my reading of this book gave me a greater admiration for these poems (if not for the war) and a lesser one for the smugness of most of The Bloomsbury Group. One thing for sure, these poems mark a new realism in poetry. And leave us with a cautionary tale - we should not be so quick to induce young men and women to war with the old lie about how sweet and fitting it is to die for one's country. Of course almost no one believes this anymore.