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Madam Foreman : A Rush to Judgement?

After 267 days as prisoners of the United States legal system, America's most famous jurors were thrilled to walk out into the sunlight of freedom. But within minutes of their release, they were overwhelmed by the blinding glare of white America's fury. Here, at last - in the words of jury foreman Armanda Cooley and fellow jurors Carrie Bess and Marsha-Rubin Jackson - are the answers to the questions that the nation has been asking ever since the controversial verdict that freed O. J. Simpson, the man who many believe got away with murder. The most comprehensive work on the Simpson trial, written from the perspective of the foreman and two fellow jurors, Madam Foreman is more than a recap of ten months of sequestration, it is a social commentary. Powerfully written, this work not only gives astonishing insight into the minds of the people who made the decision to set O. J. Simpson free, but gives voice to three African-American women who, before the trial of the century, had no voice at all.

237 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 1995

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Displaying 1 - 11 of 11 reviews
Profile Image for Lois.
517 reviews4 followers
November 19, 2013
I'm on an OJ trial kick right now. This book was from the jury's perspective. In trying to keep an open mind, let me just list the goods and the bads about this one.

First the good. This poor jury was sequestered for nine months. These are citizens drafted into service and treated like criminals. That fact alone should cause you to assume they did the best job they could under the circumstances. One major circumstance was the evidence (or lack thereof) they were given. Several of them did believe OJ was guilty of murdering two people, but in their evaluation there was too much "reasonable doubt" to convict him. That reasonable doubt came from the LAPD bungled attempts to gather evidence at the crime scenes, a judge who catered to the media and enamored with the whole celebrity trial, and the presence of television cameras in the court room that turned the trial into a circus or sporting event rather than a court of law. Because of that, I give the jurors the benefit of the doubt as to why they acquitted Simpson. The trial went on way too long because of the Hollywood drama.

Next, the bad. This book had a whiny tone. In their own words, these women who were interviewed didn't seem to have any idea what they were supposed to do. Their evaluation of the proceedings focused more on impressions (such as so-and-so had nice hair, was polite, seemed professional, were just doing their job etc.) and less on the specific evidence. There was no doubt the defendant's blood was there and he was at least present at the crime scene, but they continually questioned why this, how that, maybe the other thing. It seems they focused more on questioning ways the defendant could have NOT have murdered two people than in examining the evidence that proved he did. They focused on creating scenarios of what COULD have happened instead of what did happen. My opinion is that they replaced "reasonable doubt" with "shadow of a doubt." There were no other suspects in the case, the defendant had motive and opportunity, and yet they claimed there was too much "reasonable doubt." Also, when asked which lawyers they liked or disliked the most, they all said they didn't dislike any of them. Yet, they criticized Chris Darden as a token black man to help the prosecution. They didn't care for Marcia Clark's mannerisms. I couldn't believe they didn't criticize anyone on the defense side. Really? And they "respected" Judge Ito. If they were so focused on impressions, I find it unbelievable that there was no criticism for the judge, or any lawyer on the dream team (whom they said were all "doing their job.") They denied racism had any play in their verdict, but some of the jurors who were dismissed declared they felt the dismissals were "unfair," even though one was a victim of domestic violence (a factor in the prosecution's establishing motive) and another was a member of the Black Panthers. Finally, the jury felt they were looked down upon as being uneducated, or stupid by the prosecution.

I only rated this one star. I'm surprised I finished it. After the first chapter I almost quit because I felt the women interviewed for this book were merely evaluating a movie, and not evaluating evidence. Overall, I felt hopeless despair that LA county couldn't find a jury pool of more variety.
Profile Image for Benni.
771 reviews20 followers
April 19, 2017
My book rating is based on how much it contributes to the OJ "story." That said, jurors' perspectives are always valuable, especially these three, who made it to the end to render the verdict. None of the other (dismissed) jurors' books are from jurors who actually rendered the verdict, though I may eventually read their books just for more perspectives on the sequestration part of the journey.

Marsha Rubin-Jackson, Armanda Cooley, and Carrie Bess, sequestered from the outside world, thought they were just doing their jobs, but realized how unpopular their verdict was as soon as they were released. (To this day, much vitriol is still directed at the jurors whenever this case is mentioned.) Understandably, then, I get the distinct impression that this book was also published to try to help people understand how they reached their verdict and try to assure readers that their verdict was not race-based.

Many critics of the verdict failed to understand that the public received a lot more information about the case than the jurors. You may not want to rely on this book to explain reasonable doubt, but if you want to understand that aspect better, read "American Tragedy" by Lawrence Schiller. As these jurors attest, Barry Scheck and the defense DNA experts contributed a lot more to the acquittal than Johnny Cochran. While I keep a healthy dose of skepticism when reading all OJ books, I believe these three. They had been sequestered for nine months!! So for a good part of the trial, they were a lot less impressed with theatrics and rhetoric, which they felt to be distracting and time-consuming, and were more interested in the attorneys who could prove--or in this case, disprove--the evidence. On with the substance so they could get home!

I'm not saying that I agree with these jurors' analyses of the evidence, and I am bothered by some of the 1990's attitudes towards domestic violence, which some have carried into the present. Carrie Bess, interviewed in the last couple years or so for the 2016 ESPN documentary, stated that she has no respect for women who stay with their abusers. She says pretty much the same thing in this book, though in less colorful, more muted language. But guess what? You have to work with the jury you get, so it's illuminating to see what people think. (To be fair, not a whole lot of abuse evidence made it into the trial before the jury. Still.)

The book is not very well served by the transcriber and editor, who did not seem to put much thought into the organization and flow of the book. It reads more or less like the three jurors sat down, told their stories and answered questions, and that was simply transcribed. The editor did not even catch multiple misspellings of the word "allele," a word that appears multiple times. This was especially unfortunate, as these misspellings occur just as the jurors are trying to convince the readers that they weren't as ignorant about the DNA evidence as the prosecution and the world thought them to be. Tom Byrnes and Mike Walker certainly didn't do them any favors with the shoddy transcription and editing. They probably wanted to release it as soon as possible, so the end result is not very polished. Nevertheless, the book provided much needed insight into the case, and I commend the effort.
11.5k reviews43 followers
July 23, 2026
THREE OF THE JURORS REPORT THEIR EXPERIENCES, AND REASONS FOR THEIR VERDICT

Editor [‘As Told To…’] Tom Byrnes wrote in the introductory page of this 1995 book, “For better or for worse, ‘The People vs. O.J. Simpson' served as a mirror of modern America. It was all there---wealth, fame, celebrity, sex, race, adultery, drugs, domestic abuse, and murder---acted out by a cast that cut across all segments of society in a drama that polarized the nation… opinions formed and then hardened. Research polls reported deep divisions along racial lines and the opinion pages filled with commentary that tried to explain how so many could look at the same evidence and reach such starkly different conclusions. But what people saw… simply reflected their own backgrounds and beliefs. In the end, that was the most revealing verdict of all. Capturing the experiences of the jurors who decided this trial was not an easy feat. Throughout this book the insights and opinions of the primary narrators, Juror #230, foreperson Armanda Cooley; Juror #98, Carrie Bess; and Juror #984, Marsha Rubin-Jackson, are expressed in their own voices. Only they can reveal the view from the jury box.”

Armanda Cooley recounts how after the verdict was read, “We were numb listening to the onslaught of sounds of grief and joy... I don’t think any of us can sort out those final moments, but I remember O.J. Simpson catching my eye as he waved at us, mouthing ‘Thank you,’ smiling in that dazed, delighted way that children do when they’re told they’re getting off without a spanking… The superstars---a jubilant Johnnie Cochran and his back-slapping defense team---milled about as a devastated Chris Darden stared at us, strangely serene, and Marcia Clark began reaching out to comfort her colleagues. Above all the gasps of surprise could be heard the eerie cries and agonized sobs from the Goldman family…

"‘Free at last,’ I thought. ‘We’re going home!’ But then I caught myself. Not home; not at first. No, myself and jurors … Marsha Rubin-Jackson and Carrie Bess, had some final business to attend to before we would be able to sit in our own living rooms.” (Pg. 2-4)

She continues, “In all of our months of trudging through the back stairs and hallways of the courthouse, we the ‘O.J. Jurors’ had become the equivalent of ‘regulars.’ Recognized and accepted by the courthouse workers and law enforcement officers who nodded or hailed us with a smile as we passed, suddenly found ourselves amid strangers… Carrie told me she felt her insides lurch… ‘They’re all white,’ she whispered… ‘My God, they hate us for our verdict,' I thought. Then, in bewilderment, ‘How could they? It’s not fair.’ … Carrie recalls, ‘I felt I’d committed a crime and I was on my way to being locked up… I wondered if the rest of the world felt like we’d done wrong.” (Pg. 5-7)

Armanda states, “When the District Attorney’s office first sent Chris Darden down, I remember thinking he was there as a token because the jury was predominantly black. I thought the prosecution felt they needed this particular balance. To me, this was the first ‘race card’… and it was played by the prosecution. It didn’t fool me and it didn’t fool a lot of other people on the jury either.” (Pg. 88)

She points out, “That’s the thing with Vannatter when he was saying O.J. was not the prime suspect. Why would he even get up there with that lie?… Don’t tell me you’re going to go to the house because … you’re concerned about the Rockingham family. And then the first person you send in the door is the daughter. If you’re so concerned… why don’t you walk through the door with your guns drawn… Search and seize…” (Pg. 100)

She explains, “I didn’t have a problem with [Fuhrman’s] earlier testimony, but I disbelieved Fuhrman when he actually said he didn’t use the word ‘n-----r.’ ... just the way he said… you know he wasn’t being straight… He should have come right out and said, ‘Or course, I’ve used the n-word. Tell me who doesn’t … out there dealing with these people?’ He would have been a whole lot better off.” (Pg. 105)

She notes, “I also thought, personally, that blood was planted on the fence simply because when they first made the collections it wasn’t there… two weeks later you come back and look, and if there is still blood there … why wasn’t it seen in the beginning?” (Pg. 121)

About Simpson trying on the gloves, “The gloves fit. He wasn’t putting them on right," comments Carrie. Marsha agrees. 'Sure, you know, they fit.’ … adds Carrie, ‘I do believe the gloves fit. The glove demo didn’t impress me at all.” (Pg. 126)

Armanda reports, “After we got out, I was surprised to learn that everybody thought we bought all of that showboating from Johnnie Cochran…. Because that stuff sort of throws you off.” (Pg. 138)

Carrie Bess says of their deliberations: “First, it was about how we felt. I can’t say exactly who came up with the first question, but the ones who said guilty did not speak out and say, ‘I feel he is guilty because of such and such a thing.’ That never did come up… It was like brainstorming… We went through each other’s brains. We knew what we felt. We knew what we were looking for. Now, we’re in here about four hours with you going over things that you’ve gone over for nine months in your head. Everybody went over evidence each day… Because you had nothing else to do… This is why we were able to talk about it, put it on the table, and make a decision.” (Pg. 153-154)

She continues, “The clerk … had come in earlier and brought us all the condensed versions of all the evidence… She had condensed them all into five or six blue binders. We all decided that we would vote first. There were ten not guilty and two guilty. I suggested that the two guilties come forth and see if we could work with them, or if they would work with us to prove to us why some of us said guilty and some of us said not guilty. No one actually came forward in the beginning. Then #1290 said that she was one of the ones who voted guilty. We never did know who the other guilty vote was, and still don’t.

“There has been a lot of criticism about how long---or short---the deliberation was. I say, where is it written how long the deliberation should be? Number one, we were in lockup for eight or nine months… After the day ended… you’re deliberating with yourself… So it did not take another nine months in that room to deliberate the case, because everybody was going through the same thing. But none of us knew that until we walked into the deliberation room. When we all united, it was just like a cloak had been lifted. We walked into that room and discovered that everybody was in tune to the same thing. That’s the reason why it didn’t take a long time. The law states that all you need is one reasonable doubt. We had several reasonable doubts, plus the questions that never got answered. We went through all the exhibits and the evidence. We did all of that before we reached a verdict.”

Armanda said at the Post-Verdict Forum, “Actually, I felt that Mr. Simpson was guilty when the prosecutors were putting on their case. But when direct examination … poked holes in the evidence, that brought a lot of questionable things to my mind… One of the crucial moments where I changed my thinking was when I heard evidence about the glove. The testimony about the drying time of blood on leather was… three to four hours, and the glove was not picked up until 7 or 7½ hours later.” (Pg. 195)

Carrie Bess said at the Forum, “I could not figure out who could leave a scene that was so bloody, get rid of clothes, leave some evidence, and never track anything… into the house. Even though he left blood in the Bronco, I couldn’t see how you could manage not to leave some blood some where… as you changed clothes. Even on the tiles in the bathroom. I could never understand that.” (Pg. 196)

Geraldo Rivera asked them, “How can you explain away O.J.’s blood at the murder scene, found hours before his blood sample was taken?’” Armanda replied, “We can’t explain it away. I don’t think anybody has really tried to explain it away. Me, personally, I have not tried to explain it away at all. That was not one of the issues and that was definitely not the reasonable doubt we based our decision on.” (Pg. 202)

Marsha added, “I had no doubt that that wasn’t O.J.’s blood, the blood drops… But by them being so degraded they could have been there before. Prior to the murders. He visited that place often. See, the first blood they found was the blood that was on the gate, two, three days later, or two weeks later. [Five] Samples… were all degraded. It could have been there prior to the murders.” (Pg. 202)

It is interesting that Carrie Bess later admitted on camera for the ESPN series, ‘O.J.: Made in America,’ that she and ‘90% of the other jurors’ voted to acquit O.J. as ‘payback’ for the Rodney King verdict.

For those of us who are [1] critical of the SPEED with which the jurors rendered their verdict (e.g., if instead they had actually reviewed/discussed all of the evidence as a GROUP, and rendered their same verdict a week later, not after only four hours), or [2] are disappointed that by almost immediately taking a 'vote'---that proved to be 10 to 2 in favor of acquittal (and one of the 'guilty" voters was so intimidated that she/he wouldn't even admit it to the group), they basically suppressed an open discussion of the blood evidence, etc., this book will not likely change anyone's minds.
Profile Image for Sara.
148 reviews
October 5, 2022
It was a bit rambling, but gave me some wonderful insight into these 3 ladies perspectives. The chapter of LA county trying to bring together strangers in a hotel room and keep them entertained under surveillance was hilarious.
2 reviews
April 18, 2018
I don't recommend this book.

I don't recommend this book as it was boring. No thoughtful analysis of evidence. Actually , I couldn't even finish reading it.
Profile Image for Madlyn.
931 reviews7 followers
June 4, 2023
For the evidence given to them they did their job to the best of their ability with no regrets.
Profile Image for Jarred Goodall.
313 reviews3 followers
March 9, 2024
Smooth and easy read...thank you to these three Simpson jurors for sharing their story.
Profile Image for Jessica.
76 reviews2 followers
April 14, 2016
The content was interesting however the way it was put together made for a less than enjoyable read. I found it hard to determine who was speaking sometimes and there was quite a bit of repetition throughout. If they had either had one lady speak per chapter or sectioned the chapters by individuals the book would have been more enjoyable.
Profile Image for Phil.
576 reviews12 followers
April 15, 2017
I am guilty of judging these women too harshly. I've since shifted my judgment to the other two morons on Goodreads who reviewed this book. These three women are not writers, and their book shows it; however, it also shows a strength of character and a common sense intelligence with which I would not previously have credited them. Clearly, I do not agree with their verdict, but I can appreciate the manner in which they reached it. They each made it a point to be able to live with themselves and the verdict they reached. After nine long months of testimony, I can understand how they reached a consensus in four hours. I'd assume that after being pregnant for nine months, you don't want labor to last five days. The same thing happened here. These women deliberated honorably, and if they were unduly susceptible to Johnny Cochrane's conspiracies and loudmouth rhetoric, it wasn't racially driven. It was how they felt. They did their job to the best of their ability. Isn't that what we would expect?
Displaying 1 - 11 of 11 reviews