Sócrates

by Jean Brun

En nuestro siglo positivista se podría ver en el "conócete a ti mismo" el punto de partida de un conocimiento del hombre que desemboca en estas ciencias nuevas que se han propuesto aplicar, al estudio del hombre, los métodos utilizados con éxito en las ciencias naturales, a saber, las ciencias humanas. Pero estas ciencias, finalmente, han encontrado un campo de aplicación en técnicas "humanas" que le permiten al hombre convertirse, no sólo en amo y poseedor de la natruraleza, como quería Descartes, sino en amo y poseedor del hombre mismo. Dominio y posesión que no son sinónimo de autonomía, pero sí de condicionamiento y sujeción. En el campo de la psicología, por ejemplo, se ha pasado a la acción psicológica y luego al arma y a la guerra psicológica. El conocimiento del hombre al que conmina Sócrates se sitúa en las antípodas de tales perspectivas.

Jean Brun, en este texto de fácil lectura, nos ubica al intemporal Sócrates en la historia, nos lo muestra en su vida cotidiana, dialogando con sus discipulos, participando en la vida militar y civil, irónico; con su demonio.

Especial atención merecen los capítulos sobre su muerte y la comparación de ésta con la muerte de Cristo. Para nuestro tiempo son muy importantes las observaciones sobre la naturaleza del diálogo, que debiera ser conocida por quienes, ahora, tienen la dificíl tarea de "negociar" con otros que les son antagónicos.

Genres: Philosophy, Nonfiction, History

132 pages

First published January 1, 1960

About the author

Jean Brun (1919 - 17 mars 1994) est un philosophe français. Il fut professeur à l'université de Dijon (de 1961 à 1986).

Spécialiste d'Aristote et de la philosophie grecque, il a également beaucoup écrit sur Kierkegaard et sur la philosophie chrétienne. Grand vulgarisateur de la philosophie antique et auteur très prolifique, Brun était connu comme un penseur chrétien et conservateur.

Jean Brun a collaboré à la revue Catholica de décembre 1991 jusqu'à sa mort en 1994.

Reviews

[Pia G. · Rating 5 out of 5]

kitap, sokrates’in en tartışmalı iki kaynağından biri olan ksenophon'un metinlerine eğilerek, onun felsefesini ve tarihselliğini ele alıyor. platon’un diyaloglarında derin felsefi tartışmalara dalan bir sokrates varken, ksenophon’un sokrates'i ahlaki değerleri ön planda tutan, hatta bazen fazlasıyla didaktik bir figür.

kitapta beni en çok etkileyen şey, dorion’un analizlerinin çok dengeli olması. kitap boyunca, neden var olduğu, hangisinin ne kadar güvenilir olduğu üzerine detaylı bir tartışma var. özellikle sokrates’in 'dindarlığı' konusundaki bölümler çok ilginçti. ksenophon’un sokrates’i, tanrılara sıkı sıkıya bağlı biriyken platon’un sokrates’i daha çok sorguluyor ve tanrı anlayışını yeniden şekillendiriyor.

bence sokrates’in yalnızca platon’un diyaloglarında gördüğümüz kişi olmadığını anlamak ve başka bir sokrates'le tanışmak istiyorsak bu kitap kesinlikle okunmalı.

[David · Rating 5 out of 5]

Socrates by Jean Brun

“Socrates” is a philosophical biography. I first came to know who Socrates really was and what he meant when I transferred from military school to a good old Texas college, where I could study assignments while taking a variety of courses reading anything I wanted in off-hours and in between bouts of just horsing around.

I was assigned Plato’s Republic for a course in political philosophy. It read like a novel to me and I felt like one of Socrates’ students following him around ancient Athens, hanging onto every word and admiring how he would catch insincere mockers and people who thought they were very smart but would have their thin arguments turned back on them forcing them to contradict themselves.

Jean Brun explains that many Athenians ridiculed him for teaching cultural tenets that ran counter to their religion at the time and for supposedly teaching the youth and whomever else would listen notions that went against the ruling political class and their beliefs.

He does a very good job with this, analyzing (as the French will skillfully do) Socrates’ life and philosophy. As most people know, Socrates was very ugly—a real negative in a culture that saw one’s exterior as the reflection of how a person really was inside. He was very poor and had a wife, Xanthippe, who never let him forget it. (I take it that she was probably as ugly as he was but having had 3 boys together must mean there was a mutual attraction off and on. Maybe she helped him hone his debating skill.)

Not all Athenians wanted him put to death at the end, just mostly that powerful clique who did similar things with citizens who embarrassed the rulers of Athens. Jean Brun provides numerous examples and quotes from subsequent philosophers enamored with the life and philosophy of Socrates.

Hegel, for example, points out that the life of Socrates foreshadows somewhat the life of Jesus. As you read “Socrates” and have a modicum amount of information about the life of Jesus, you will be struck by the notion that Jesus would have known a lot about Socrates, having been educated in a Hellenized society and precocious in his youth.

I lived in Athens and since then have visited it scores of times. I used to go up to the Parthenon where I napped on the cool marble floor on hot summer days and dreamed of the ancient times, imagining with awe the overpowering intelligence of the ancient world.

I was lucky to have married a Greek who explained today’s Greeks and Greece to me, helping me to understand that the Modern and the Ancient are basically the same people with many similarities. From what I’ve seen, there’s a bit of Socrates in every Greek.

[Stela · Rating 3 out of 5]

Un amestec de biografie și filosofie 101. Pas mal.

Lectura, mai puțin atrăgătoare. Multe greșeli de pronunție, o lectură fără rost a cuprinsului, după părerea mea (ce folos să știu că cutare capitol e la pagina cutare, cînd nu am cartea fizică în mînă și lectura nu-mi spune numărul paginii care este citită?) deși timbrul vocii e plăcut, iar intonația, de cele mai multe ori, adecvată.

[مجید اسطیری · Rating 5 out of 5]

کتاب خیلی خوبیه برای شناخت سقراط. فیلسوفی که تاریخ چیز چندانی ازش نمیدونه و خودش این طور میخواست. بحث های مقابله سقراط با سوفسطائیان، ماجرای مرگ خودخواسته و نوشیدن جام شوکران و ندای غیبی سقرا خیلی جالب بودند. و مقایسه سقراط و مسیح که توی کتاب دنیای سوفی هم مطرح شده بود و البته سرفصلهای این کتاب تقریبا همون ها بود ولی همه بحث ها با تفصیل و ارجاعات بیشتر و دقیق تر اومده بودند.

[Pablo]

Un llibre introductori més sobre Sócrates, que he llegit en la magnífica versió de butxaca de Edicions 1984. Crec que les novetats principals vers la doxografía habitual (ja la coneixeu, però diguem-ho així: la vida vs la representació, el personatge platónic diferenciat de tots els testimonis, la fiabilitat d'Aristòtil, etc.) rauen al capítol dedicat a la irona tràgica, profundament hegeliana, i a l'atenció a Bergson, que el francès Brun defensa durant tota l'obra de forma insistent.

[Loukas · Rating 3 out of 5]

An interesting approach to analyzing the different aspects of Socrates through the perspectives of four significant philosophers and historical figures: Xenophon, Aristophanes, Plato, and Aristotle. Until now, I was only familiar with Plato's Socrates, but after reading this book, I’m eager to explore how the other philosophers perceived him.

[payam Mohammadi · Rating 3 out of 5]

برای شناخت سقراط خوندن این کتاب تا حدودی کفایت می‌کنه ولی تنها مشکلی که این کتاب داشت برخلاف مقدمه مترجم که نوشته های ژان برن رو تا حدودی آسان خوان معرفی می‌کرد باید گفت در جاهایی واقعا نمی تونستم منظور نویسنده رو بفهمم که دلیلش این می تونه باشه که کلمات و اصطلاحات فلسفی زیادی رو به کار برده بود.

[Filip Rogić · Rating 4 out of 5]

Great biography of Socrates. Not everyone would understand it though as it's filled with some less known philosophical terms. Still a great read personally.

[Mislav Šljivac · Rating 4 out of 5]

Početak je opširan da bi se kasnije kristaliziralo

[Musab · Rating 4 out of 5]

Sokrates'in tarihin en gizemli isimlerinden biri olduğunu bir kez daha hatırlatan bir kitap oldu benim için. Alanında uzman birisi olan Louis-Andre Dorion elimize ulaşan kaynaklardan bir Sokrates biyografisi yazmaya çalışıyor. Bu kaynakların neredeyse hepsinin yazarlarının kendilerine ait bir Sokrates'i var ve çoğunun da birbiri ile pek alakası olmadığını birbirlerinden farklı Sokrates profillerinin bizlere ulaştığını düşünürsek içinden çıkılması çok zor bir işe girişiyor diyebiliriz yazar için. Ancak bunları başarıyla kategorize ediyor ve eldeki parçalardan tatmin edici bir bütüne varmaya çalışıyor. Bir çırpıda ve severek okudum.

[Amir Asgarzade · Rating 5 out of 5]

ترجمه سیدابوالقاسم پورحسینی، نمونه اعلای زبان فارسی است. در برابر این همه خرد و زیبایی ترجمه، سپاسگزار هستم.
ایران زمین به چنین بزرگانی زنده است.

[Stavroula · Rating 5 out of 5]

μία τέλεια προσέγγιση γύρω από τον Σωκράτη. απλή,κατανοητή και καθαρή γραφή.

[E · Rating 3 out of 5]

Sokrates hakkında genel hatlarıyla bilgi sahibi olmak için ideal.

[Adriano Avello · Rating 4 out of 5]

No Brasil, pela "Série Compreender" como "Compreender Sócrates". Tradução de Lúcia M. Endlich Orth. Petrópolis, RJ: Editora Vozes, 2006.

[John Spil · Rating 5 out of 5]

Εξαιρετική ανάλυση και παρουσίαση του σωκρατικου ζητήματος.

[Người Phương Xa · Rating 3 out of 5]

C'est intéressant de voir comment Socrate est perçu par ses disciples et contemporains, chacun nous présente un Socrate un peu différent voir diamétralement opposé.

[Diana · Rating 3 out of 5]

citez
Socrate era deosebit de urat. am incheiat citatul