This book deals with the use and misuse to which Albert Einstein's theory of Relativity has been put in the field of ethical values. The text is based on the author's contributions to the annual Conference on Science, Philosophy and Religion during the years 1940-1948. Philipp Frank (March 20, 1884, Vienna, Austria-Hungary – July 21, 1966, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA) was a physicist, mathematician and also an influential philosopher during the first half of the 20th century. He was a logical-positivist, and a member of the Vienna Circle. He studied physics at the University of Vienna and graduated in 1907 with a thesis in theoretical physics under the supervision of Ludwig Boltzmann. Albert Einstein recommended him as his successor for a professorship at the German Charles-Ferdinand University of Prague, a position which he held from 1912 until 1938. He then emigrated to the United States, where he became a lecturer of physics and mathematics at Harvard University and taught a popular class on the philosophy of science.