A book about the concept of maturity and "growing up" from the Christian perspective, by the Canadian theologian Ronald Rolheiser.
My impression in a sentence: overall, I found it way too superficial, especially from the theological standpoint. Too much cloudiness, blurredness and vagueness if I compare it to my favorite spiritual authors (mainly: Ratzinger, Barron and Cardinal Ravasi).
In part one, Rolheiser centers on the first stage of spirituality characterized by emotional swings, restlessness, loneliness, morality, security – the temptations that plague us in our youth. We come to the end of this first stage successfully when we selflessly put others before our own desires and dreams.
In part two, he offers a study of mature discipleship in which we give our lives for others. The struggles at this point are often severe when we become angry and frustrated at our own weaknesses. The author states that desire for maturity does not come without a struggle—a struggle that is fraught with our lingering inclinations to be willful, self-centered and bitter. Ok...
Rolheiser’s talks about Mary praying and pondering the many events in her life from the annunciation to the crucifixion leads her to a higher level of spirituality, where bitterness and pain are transformed into love and forgiveness.
The chapter dedicated to the transformative power of prayer is probably my favorite. The author defines prayer as our attempt to reach God, to express our love for Him and to receive His love. Recognizing that sometimes prayer does not seem to be working, he advises persistence: focus on God, not on ourselves, and in the end we will arrive “at an ever deepening intimacy with our God.” He concludes that prayer gives us “the strength we need to be virtuous.” In the end, prayer helps us to give our lives for others.
Rolheiser writes in a very fluid style, almost as if he was talking instead of writing - including MANY repetitions and, unfortunately, a lot of elusive paragraphs.
It's great that he challenges the reader to step up as a Christian, to not go back to usual cycles or habits but to direct one’s life towards a constant development and growth. This made me think of a quote that I read somewhere (not in this book): "The only person I want to be superior to is myself yesterday". Great.
But there are also passages that didn't resonate with me - mainly because of their lack of precision or even, honestly, their lack of a specific point. The author writes in a very poetic style, but I found that most of the book stops at a rather generic, abstract level. You can never bite into anything.
Examples:
"Jesus does not just ask us to give in charity to the poor, he also asks us to work at correcting all the social, political and economic structures that disadvantage the poor and help keep them poor. Justice seeks to correct the structures that help create that poverty." - Ok, BUT, everyone today has a different opinion about exactly HOW to achieve this, and Rolheiser does not say anything about the "how", which is the most important part, so the whole paragraph feels useless to me.
This made me think of the book “Toxic charity”, that warns about the huge danger of doing social justice work that fails or backfires because it’s not sustainable or for other reasons.
Very easy to "think" and speak and write about social justice, but extremely complicated to put it in action in a truly effective and sustainable way.
"Purity of heart does not mean that we will not have any sexual fantasies. It means that those fantasies will not be lustful." - this is also pointless. I would almost say that it's not even a sentence with a clear meaning. “Sexual fantasies that are not lustful” are never defined. What are they? Is it when you are fantasizing about getting your wife pregnant? : ) Let's try to be real. From the Merriam-Webster Dictionary: "Lust = a strong sexual desire". What's abnormal about that?
From one specific perspective, the author comes across as preaching for everyone except for himself: that’s when he talks about adulthood as “letting go of your dreams of fame and success” . All good, until you realize that HE achieved exactly that - fame and success as a popular author, which is a dream that MANY adults, including many priests, have to put away in the closet forever while they go about their daily boring job. So ... the message comes across weakened by that. “Do as I say, not as I do”, a bit like Bernie Sanders when he wants millionaires to pay more taxes, but when he’s asked why he, as a millionaire, doesn’t give the example by paying more taxes, he shouts “I’m already paying all the taxes I need to pay!!”.
And then we come to my biggest gripe: the "water purifier" concept (aka "If you want to be an adult, act like a sponge").
Ohhh, this is a bad one....
"In terms of moving toward deeper maturity, of moving from goodness to greatness, this invitation to become the sponge that absorbs tension inside of family, church, and community is perhaps the premier one. Indeed, it is the criterion for adult discipleship."
A couple of problems with this (number 2 the most important):
1) the author goes on to mention, later in the book, at least another 2 or 3 crucial criteria for adult discipleship, like "giving thanks" and "forgiving", each one "the most important" of all, which weakens this point and makes one think the book wasn’t properly edited;
2) despite addressing the danger of only "taking it all in" and never giving back the negative tension to people (which can literally kill you with cancer or heart problems), Rolheiser provides a guidance on "how to do this" that is, again, extremely vague: for example, according to him, you need to distinguish between situations where you receive "regular negative tension" and situations of actual "abuse", and I guess you need to distinguish that by yourself. Good luck with that interpretative effort. Second, you need to find a "healthy release" to the tension away from the person who gives it to you. Unsurprisingly, Rolheiser never gives practical examples of these healthy releases.
Most importantly, Rolheiser writes without ever acknowledging that different people have VERY, VERY different personalities and different levels of how much they can take in before it's too much for their nervous system. People have different physical or biological strength, and with that I mean also mental strength, but to be clear, I'm talking about the strength that you are born with. People are born with very different nervous strength and physical capacity as well. The stronger you are born, the more generous with your natural energy you can be.
To encourage someone who wasn't born with a strong nervous system (or even someone who is borderline mentally ill, which most of us today are) to become a "water purifier" of all the hatred and negativity around him/her is contrary to ANYTHING that any good psychiatrist or mental health professional would tell you.
Take, for example, a man or a woman who has troubles asserting herself in various relationships. Would she be more “mature” as a Christian because she is taking all the negativity inside of her without ever pushing back? Hell no, that would not be maturity. That would be immature passivity. That would be someone who needs to grow up. To this woman, you should say “don’t let them push you around like that. Push back yourself.”. Of course, she should try to push back with a serene demeanor, and perhaps that is what Rolheiser means with "not giving back in kind", to remain calm when someone is showering you with anger or anxiety, but even that is not something that you should encourage EVERYONE to do, and the book doesn’t provide any clarity on this point. It stops at “don’t give back in kind”, which is, again, not useful.
The less specific you are when you write and give advice, the less useful. Always.
On the other hand, to a man who is naturally and arrogantly spreading his tension around without any problem or remorse, then of course you should say “You need to take in that energy and not constantly give it back in kind.” Although, in my experience, people with that type of personality and God-given energy never listen or learn anything, unless something really atrocious happens to them.
In any case — my point is, I wish the author had talked about the different roles that everyone can and should play in their community, based on their different personalities, instead of generalizing the “be the water purifier” condition. It does not work to determine adulthood for everyone. Some differentiation and more practical examples here would have helped.
That "water purification" process reminds me of the big black guy in the movie "The green mile". No wonder he was a giant in the story: it takes a non-existent superhuman strength to do that. Pushing people to adopt that superhuman behavior without any caveat about personal differences is almost irresponsible.
I just don’t think Rolheiser does enough in this book to push against the deeply wrong stereotype that a mature Christian is someone who just needs to take it, and take it, and take it, without ever pushing back. I think he should have spent at least a few words about the importance of saying "no", because it sounds like, for him, a mature christian should only say “yes”. That’s shallow and horribly incorrect.
The reality of this world is that the people who "do good" get exploited, and the people who think about their own good and intimidate others get to the top. For many people, saying "no" is much more difficult and important than being a water purifier. This would have been a deeper psychological approach. Missed opportunity.
Many people can be very mature even without acting like a remissive sponge. Jesus offering the other cheek had nothing to do with being remissive - and yet, every time I hear that part of the Gospel, almost no one qualifies it the way it should be, which is subtle and has to do with the meaning of purity and impurity (and left and right hands) in the ancient Jewish world. To take the message of Christ as "if they hit you, just offer to be hit again" (I'm not saying this is what Rolheiser is doing here) is not only deeply wrong, it's also something that Jesus would have found stupid.
Finally, a comment on 2 gospel passages that are quoted in the book:
1) The Syrophoenician woman: " Deeper maturity will bring with it the tension of stretched loyalties. Jesus, in his encounter with the Syrophoenician woman, offers us a model of how to properly carry that tension .". Really? Does he really? By first totally ignoring her plea and then by calling her a dog? I've studied this gospel passage in depth, and I'm aware that Jesus preached for the Jewish people, and not for anyone else. This woman was a "nobody" to him. A "dog". It seems to me like the only thing that’s being stretched here is the meaning of the story narrated in the gospel, especially in the following part of the chapter, where Rolheiser draws a parallel from this gospel passage to an example where a woman from a different congregation shows up and asks a priest to be baptized even if she hasn't participated to any of the preparation courses. In the example, the priest cannot help the woman, but then the woman wins over the priest by leveraging the universality of Catholicism. This example has very little to do with the episode of the Syrophoenician woman, who, in the gospel, is called a "dog" by Jesus because his message lacked the universality that it took later on, and who wins over Jesus not by quoting the universality of the Christian message or even by showing a special "faith", like it's often repeated by priests, but simply by insisting and by giving a very clever reply.
The Jewish tradition LOVES people with a silver tongue. The woman was quick - good for her, because that impressed Jesus. That’s what I’m taking away from that passage.
2) Martha. " Like Martha in scripture, it is easy to feel resentment because we SEEM to be doing all the work while others are getting more of a free ride." Back up, back up, back up. First of all, Martha does not SEEM to be doing all the work: she IS doing all the work, while Mary is doing nothing and sitting with Jesus. Many commentators focus on the fact that for a woman it was unheard of to be sitting next to the rabbi, and that's the point of the story, and that's important, sure, but also does not explain the deep injustice of Martha being chastised for doing all the work for her guests (by her own guest).
Also: " One of the demons we wrestle with during our adult years is the resentment of Martha, that is, a joylessness bordering on anger for, ironically, being burdened with the privilege of health, work, and status ". In other words, Rolheiser is saying: "Martha should have shut up and felt grateful that she had work to do, instead of complaining about Mary not helping her."
And this makes NO sense to me. The gospel story is not describing two women who are arguing about who is doing more work and who is doing less work: they are arguing because one of them is doing ALL the work, while the other one is enjoying herself, listening to this famous rabbi. This is the DEFINITION of injustice, despite any conceptual somersaults that the author, like many others, tries to do here. Please go on and challenge me on this. I still haven't found one single convincing argument.
This is a gospel passage that works only at the allegorical level, not at a practical level. This is why some early fathers of the Church felt compelled to write “It means you should behave like Martha, but with Mary’s spirit”. That makes sense.