الصوت والظاهرة

by Jacques Derrida

"الصوت والظاهرة"
يقول "جاك دريدا" فى مقدمته: "أن يكون شرف الحضور غير قائم بغير رفعة الصوت ، فذلك أمر بيّن لم يكن له أن يشغل فى الفينومينولوجيا منزلة الصدر ، يبدو أن ضرورة هذه البداهة قد تمكنت ، بحسب ضرب لا هو إجرائى صرف ، ولا صناعى مباشر ، وفى محل لا هو فى المركز ولا فى الجانب ، من أن يكون لها نوع من "السطوة" على الفينومينولوجيا بأكملها ، إن طبيعة هذه السطوة أمر لا يتيسر التفكير به بحسب المفهومات المعتادة لفلسفة تاريخ الفلسفة ، غير أن حديثنا هنا ليس غرضه التأمل المباشر فى هيئة هذه السطوة ، وإنما فقط مباغتتها وهى تعمل أصلا وبقوة عند فاتحة أول البحوث المنطقية".

Genres: Philosophy

169 pages, Paperback

Published January 1, 2005

About the author

Jacques Derrida was a French philosopher best known for developing deconstruction, a method of critical analysis that questioned the stability of meaning in language, texts, and Western metaphysical thought. Born in Algeria, he studied at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, where he was influenced by philosophers such as Heidegger, Husserl, and Levinas. His groundbreaking works, including Of Grammatology (1967), Writing and Difference (1967), and Speech and Phenomena (1967), positioned him at the center of intellectual debates on language, meaning, and interpretation.
Derrida argued that Western philosophy was structured around binary oppositions—such as speech over writing, presence over absence, or reason over emotion—that falsely privileged one term over the other. He introduced the concept of différance, which suggests that meaning is constantly deferred and never fully present, destabilizing the idea of fixed truth. His work engaged with a wide range of disciplines, including literature, psychoanalysis, political theory, and law, challenging conventional ways of thinking and interpretation.
Throughout his career, Derrida continued to explore ethical and political questions, particularly in works such as Specters of Marx (1993) and The Politics of Friendship (1994), which addressed democracy, justice, and responsibility. He held academic positions at institutions such as the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales and the University of California, Irvine, and remained an influential figure in both European and American intellectual circles. Despite criticism for his complex writing style and abstract concepts, Derrida’s ideas have left a lasting impact on contemporary philosophy, literary theory, and cultural criticism, reshaping the way meaning and language are understood in the modern world.