The interviews varied from approximately one hour to a full day of interviews. In some situations the interviewee showed us around the facility and introduced us to many people in the organization. In each interview we sought to understand how the interviewee affected and was affected by the organization, how the interviewee believed that the organization measured r&d success, and how he or she believed it should measure r&d success. We discussed the motivation and evaluation of employees and how formal and informal incentives (if any) affected employee behavior and the firm's profitability. Because the interviews were exploratory, they were freewheeling. We allowed each interviewee to explore the topics in any way that he or she found comfortable and we encouraged each person to speak about related topics which they found interesting.