Diagnostic questioning is the ground floor of inquiry. It is the foundation on which other questions are built. It pinpoints a problem and provides a roadmap for response. Diagnostic questioning identifies a problem then burrows down to its roots, especially when those roots are not instantly obvious.
Strategic questions are deceptively simple questions that illuminate complex decisions characterized by great risk or uncertainty. They are healthy questions that call for answers about purpose and the big picture.
Empathy questions focus unselfishly and spring from genuine interest. The simple act of asking, of listening without comment or judgment and letting a silence linger, invites a person to reflect or think out loud. It might even prompt a revelation. Empathetic questioning helps you connect with others. Use this when you want to want to reach out to someone who comes from a different place, background, or perspective. Try new shoes (take the perspective of another person), leave running room (start with big broad questions to get people talking), listen beyond words (listen for cues, tone, mood; pauses and hesitation also have meaning; so do body language, facial expressions, and eye contact), and establish intimate distance (convey compassion and interest, but maintain enough distance and detachment so you don't judge and can offer objective questions or advice).
Bridging questions get a closed person to open up. Use periodic "micro-affirmations" to keep the other talking and on track by signaling interest in almost imperceptible movements, gestures, or sounds. These micro-affirmations reinforce without interrupting or distracting. They signal that you are engaged and sympathetic. Some questions work best when they don't end in a question mark (Tell me more; explain that to me; go on; that's remarkable; fascinating). Use echo questions to use the other person's own words for emphasis and as a followup question. Add inflection to suit the mood--sympathy, surprise, and humor. Bridge-building questions work best when people are at cognitive ease and feel they have a receptive audience. You can achieve this effect without questions by making use of words or expressions you have just heard, by listening for entry points, and by careful affirmation of difficult or irrational thoughts. You build the bridge, one piece, one question at a time.
Confrontational questions must be approached from a position of strength. If you've done your homework, are prepared to stand up to the pressure of the encounter, and have crafted your questions so that you succinctly express the problem and the challenge, you can take the high ground and demand answers. Effective confrontational questioners have to be fast and uncompromising listeners.
Creativity questions prompt our imaginations. Creativity questions have an almost magical capacity to transport people to a different time, place, or perspective. Creative, disruptive thinkers are unafraid to ask questions that push the bounds of the present and the possible. They see the world differently and challenge it profoundly. Creativity questions are daring, liberating queries that invite you to stick your head in the clouds, ask more of everyone, and imagine just how far you can go.
Mission questions ask more of everybody. They help you draw people into a genuine conversation about shared goals and what everyone can bring to task. They help you convey your priorities. They require you to talk less and listen more. Connect passion to mission and you can generate excitement and meaningful involvement.
Scientific questions drives a process that revolves around data, experimentation, and observable fact. Steps: 1. Observe a problem, frame a question 2. Offer an explanation (put together a clear hypothesis that could explain the situation) 3. Put your hypothesis to the test (experiment and measure over time).
Job interview questions fall into two constructs: what you have done (behavioral) and what you will do (situational). Behavioral questions dig into lessons that time and experience have imparted. Situational questions seek to reveal how a candidate would look forward and respond to a potential decision or situation.
Entertaining questions allow you to engage your audience and keep the conversation interesting and lively. Start with open-ended questions, then ask about examples and encourage stories. Make room for reflection, humor, and emotion.
Legacy questions ask what we've accomplished or changed and inquire about the lives we've touched. They are questions about meaning, spirituality, lessons learned, gratitude, regrets, people and purpose. By asking them early and often, we take stock of our lives and check our bearings and seek balance. These questions open the door for reflection and resolution. They can be existential or spiritual. They seek context. Legacy questions ask about meaning and gratitude, mistakes and adversity. You gain perspective from these questions by starting at the end. Legacy questions travel with us. If we have the courage to ask them, they help us get the bearings and write out story. If we listen closely to our answers, we gain perspective.
In conclusion, questions are our way to connect with other human beings. Inquiry is the sincerest form of flattery. Ask a good question and you convey interest. Slow down, listen closely, and ask more and you engage at a deeper level. You show that you care. You generate trust. You empathize and you bridge differences. You become better, and you shape the future.