孤獨，一個人的狂歡

by Friedrich Nietzsche, 弗里德里希·尼采, 黃意雯 (Translator)

「為了瞭解這個世界，我們必須偶爾從中逃離。」

　　對於群居動物而言，離群索居將會產生焦慮；而之於多數的現代人，孤單則會悄然侵蝕心靈。然而在人生道路上，雖無人真正找出解藥來，卻有人在遙遙旅途之中習得祕方，於是停下腳步，開始欣賞眼前的美景……

　　「看得見美的靈魂，有時可能踽踽獨行。」——歌德

　　孤獨，是一種孑然一身的自我滿足，是哲學家們的心境，「一個人」激發他們思考，最後甚至從中得到救贖，寂寞，則有空虛、需要陪伴的意味。寂寞的人往往也十分不安，渴望著一段關係。而這種等待、或期待正是悲傷的根源。

　　同為隻身一人的狀態，竟造成那獨特迥異、無以名狀的心理感受。也許是孤獨，又未嘗非寂寞，本書藉由細緻的文字，呼應它的各種樣貌，寫下分別屬於你我的一人生活──有人樂於獨處，徜徉其中；有人苦於寂寞，深受折磨；或者，也有人從痛苦的侵蝕中找到自已，並獲得真理。

　　「孤獨適宜品茶時服用。」——C.S.路易斯

　　《孤獨，一個人的狂歡》全書中英對照，精選一百二十餘篇關於孤寂的哲思和獨語，卡夫卡、尼采、赫塞、達文西、卡繆、梵谷、紀伯倫、叔本華、吳爾芙等逾五十位西方名家，以冷靜、抑或躁動的心靈，進行獨白、關愛、剖析，甚至質疑，是對於孤獨的各種表象之絕妙寫照。這些文字精練且深刻，不論悲喜皆已穿越時空隔閡，散發出結晶、昇華之後的芬芳。

320 pages, Paperback

Published November 3, 2016

About the author

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche was a German classical scholar, philosopher, and critic of culture, who became one of the most influential of all modern thinkers. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24, but resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties, with paralysis and probably vascular dementia. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900, after experiencing pneumonia and multiple strokes.
Nietzsche's work spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favour of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and a related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life in response to both the "death of God" and the profound crisis of nihilism; the notion of Apollonian and Dionysian forces; and a characterisation of the human subject as the expression of competing wills, collectively understood as the will to power. He also developed influential concepts such as the Übermensch and his doctrine of eternal return. In his later work, he became increasingly preoccupied with the creative powers of the individual to overcome cultural and moral mores in pursuit of new values and aesthetic health. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, music, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from Greek tragedy as well as figures such as Zoroaster, Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Wagner, Fyodor Dostoevsky, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
After his death, Nietzsche's sister Elisabeth became the curator and editor of his manuscripts. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology, often contradicting or obfuscating Nietzsche's stated opinions, which were explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through her published editions, Nietzsche's work became associated with fascism and Nazism. 20th-century scholars such as Walter Kaufmann, R.J. Hollingdale, and Georges Bataille defended Nietzsche against this interpretation, and corrected editions of his writings were soon made available. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th- and early 21st-century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism, and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, music, poetry, politics, and popular culture.

Reviews

[Ally Yang]

【21 Nov 2022/ 斷頭書展 /123】