Lima Barreto is categorized within a period of Brazilian literature known as Pre-Modernism, a time that spans from the late 19th century until the Week of Modern Art, which took place in 1922, the year of the author's death. It’s not hard to see that this classification is loaded with a significant amount of racism and classism, since the carioca (native of Rio de Janeiro) author was not part of the white and - if not rich - upper-middle-class group that, in the eyes of the literary canon, inaugurated Modernism in the country.
Author of undeniably classic novels in Brazilian literature, such as *Clara dos Anjos*, *Os Bruzundangas*, and *Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma*, his most famous work, Lima Barreto also ventured into short narratives, writing chronicles and short stories, which is the focus of this review.
All 14 stories in *Melhores Contos* are imbued with the social criticism typical of the carioca author’s works. Nothing escapes his scrutiny, from adultery to material interest, including the hypocrisy of foreigners who present themselves as superior but are as flawed as we Brazilians, something made evident in *"Miss Edith and Her Uncle."* At the same time, he anticipates what Nelson Rodrigues would later call the “mutt complex.”
Two other stories that caught my attention, but for different reasons, were *"A Nova Califórnia"* and *"O Homem Que Sabia Javanês"* because, being a soap opera enthusiast, I recognized both for reminding me of the plot of *Fera Ferida.* And just like in the soap opera, the critique of social customs does not go unnoticed.
Lima Barreto's biography speaks volumes about how his race and social condition influenced his recognition, as despite his prolific output and being published in newspapers and magazines, he was nowhere near appreciated as much as he deserved—unacceptable for an author who has been compared to none other than the greatest, Machado de Assis.