Jump to ratings and reviews
Rate this book

Zosimus: New History

Rate this book
English, Greek (translation)

280 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 490

13 people are currently reading
129 people want to read

About the author

Zosimus

21 books5 followers
Greek historian also known as Zosimus Historicus or Zosimus the Historian.

Ratings & Reviews

What do you think?
Rate this book

Friends & Following

Create a free account to discover what your friends think of this book!

Community Reviews

5 stars
14 (24%)
4 stars
19 (32%)
3 stars
21 (36%)
2 stars
4 (6%)
1 star
0 (0%)
Displaying 1 - 12 of 12 reviews
Profile Image for Markus.
489 reviews1,961 followers
March 10, 2020
In short: 5th century pagan historian pissed at Christianity for wrecking his world and blaming it for the downfall of the Roman Empire, savaging otherwise appreciated historical figures like Constantine. What's not to like?
Profile Image for Giovanni Dall'Orto.
42 reviews7 followers
November 27, 2010
Ho comprato questo libro, scritto fra il 507 e il 527 d.C., invogliato dalle numerose citazioni che ne fa il saggio Barbari di Alessandro Barbero http://www.anobii.com/books/010da3a0d...
E in effetti il confronto tra il testo antico (che ho letto comodamente in un pomeriggio) e il saggio odierno che riflette sui dati che ha fornito non mi ha deluso.

Nello storico antico vedi le passioni umane, che lo spingono a tratti a una straordinaria faziosità, che lo porta a sua volta a un'altrettanto straordinaria cecità su quanto era avvenuto, se non proprio sotto ai suoi occhi, un paio di generazioni prima. (La narrazione si ferma bruscamente al 407, nel mezzo d'un ragionamento, appena prima del Sacco di Roma da parte di Alarico: si pensa che l'autore sia stato interrotto nel suo progetto dalla morte sopravvenuta).
Nello storico moderno vedi invece l'acume che il senno di poi concede a tutti noi, la più profonda comprensione degli eventi, il disegno delle catene di cause ed effetti, ma anche un atteggiamento un po' distaccato, a tratti perfino entomologico, verso fatti e persone accaduti - dopotutto - migliaia d'anni fa.

Zosimo scrive per "partito preso", per dimostrare qualcosa, e la sua tesi sarebbe piaciuta a Nietzsche: i disordini che gradualmente aumentarono nei secoli IV e V, e che avrebbero infine portato alla caduta dell'Impero romano d'occidente, furono causati dall'abbandono del culto degli antichi dèi, che avevano concesso ai Romani il dominio del mondo, e per quasi un millennio li avevano favoriti.

I cristiani, buoni solo a pregare, intrigare senza posa e compiere azioni empie, con deliberata cecità avevano via via accresciuto il disfavore degli dèi, incuranti del crescente numero di segnali con cui gli dèi avvertivano che l'empietà sarebbe stata punita.

In altre parole questo è un Così morirono i persecutori http://www.anobii.com/books/Cos%C3%AC..., ma ribaltato: è una specie di Così i perseguitati mandarono a puttane lo Stato e il mondo...

Accanto a questo "partito preso" ce n'è un altro, quello appunto che riguarda la crescente presenza barbarica all'interno delle frontiere e delle istituzioni imperiali, in primis l'esercito.
Zosimo da un lato non riesce proprio a sopportare questi miserabili "extracomunitari" che, rendendosi conto di stare tenendo in piedi l'impero, alzano la testa e vogliono anche loro le fette della torta, dall'altra però non può negare che senza di loro tutto sarebbe andato a puttane molto prima (e poi, c'erano anche barbari pagani, "quindi" bravi e saggi...).
La soluzione è minimizzare il fenomeno, trattando con sommo disinteresse il problema del rapporto romani-barbari, come se non ci fosse proprio nulla di cui discutere.

Particolarmente schizofrenico è il dettagliato ritratto di Stilicone, il generale semi-barbaro che puntellò con le sue vittorie per un paio di decenni l'impero traballante.
Il giudizio di Zosimo sul suo conto ondeggia, come dovette fare quello della classe a cui Zosimo apparteneva ai tempi delle gesta di Stilicone. Che fu fatto fuori, per maggior prudenza, dai romani detentori del potere, tanto rincoglioniti e fossili (in un paio d'occasioni a Zosimo scappa la pazienza e commenta le ignave decisioni d'un imperatore qualificandolo come "completamente stupido", per esempio a VI, 14, 1) da ricordare il politburo del Partito Democratico odierno.

Solo nei confronti di Giuliano (l'"Apostata") il giudizio di Zosimo è netto e chiaro: lui sì che fu un grande imperatore... peccato sia durato solo tre anni.
Ma fu grande perché fu l'ultimo imperatore pagano, o per altri motivi? Leggendo solo Zosimo non lo si capirebbe mai. Speculare agli apologeti cristiani suoi contemporanei, Zosimo lascia infatti capire espressamente che la Fede sola di Giuliano sufficit, e lo salvi.
Così salverebbe anche l'Impero, peraltro, se solo la cecità cristiana non impedisse a tutti di vedere quanto sarebbe semplice la soluzione...

Trovo interessante questo delirio d'un fanatico religioso, che aiuta a capire quanto il fanatismo dei cristiani di quell'epoca fosse un atteggiamento mentale, politico e filosofico, diffuso.

A parte questi elementi di spicco, la narrazione non è tale da costituire un vero testo di storia in senso moderno. In altre parole, la narrazione si capisce meglio se la storia narrata da Zosimo la si conosce già prima, almeno a grandi linee. E non solo per le lacune (peraltro non enormi) del testo tràdito, ma proprio perché la narrazione procede in modo piuttosto confuso. Fozio ha lodato lo stile asciutto di Zosimo, ma insomma, questo non è certo Tucidide... e si vede.

Più che la narrazione storica in sé, quindi, affascina l'universo mentale che essa lascia trasparire (le quattro stelle del mio giudizio derivano da ciò), il punto di vista dell'autore, i suoi umanissimi limiti, le sue infantili faziosità, le sue deliberate cecità.
Che ci spingono a chiedere quanto, anche noi, siamo simili a lui, quando parliamo dei nostri tempi presenti.
Profile Image for Carlos  Wang.
461 reviews174 followers
October 15, 2022
這本被翻譯作《羅馬新史》的一級史書,是生活在五世紀的東羅馬(拜占庭)作家Zosimos編撰的史書,殘留下的篇幅不算長,但主要的部分都在。作者是被稱之為最後的多神教史家(抱歉我不喜歡“異教”這個詞),他對於當時盛行的基督教甚為敵視,在這本著作中,他開宗明義表示想寫一本說明羅馬之所以衰弱的作品,並將之歸因於這個新興宗教。某種程度上來說,他算是吉朋的先驅吧,雖然他說的那些原因在今天的眼光看來只能當作某些神祕主義看待,或者過於偏頗了。Zosimos的生平我們幾乎一無所知,只知道他當過財務相關的官員,可能是雄辯家,說起來,古代的史學家總是那麼的寂寞,紀錄的別人的事情卻無法讓人知道自己的生平。


Zosimos從希臘開始寫起,前半段簡略的介紹了直到三世紀左右的歷史,然後,出於一種應該算是敵意,君士坦丁在他的筆下不旦篇幅少,而且幾乎看起來跟前面那幾位走馬換燈的皇帝差不多的暴君:同樣待遇的還有提奧多西,不知道的真會以為他只是個好運撿到紫袍,昏庸無能把國家分裂的皇帝。做為對比的,就是被冠上“背教者”稱號的朱里安,做為最知名的晚期多神教君王,Zosimos對他的描述是前兩者的三倍,冠上了“勇比亞歷山大,智勝馬可‧奧勒留”的評價,落差之大,令讀者苦笑。不過,也因此,從他的書中可以看到許多關於這位皇帝作為的細節,雖然仔細觀察會有許多的疑點。關於朱里安,我推薦俄國作家梅列日科夫斯基的《諸神之死》,雖然是小說,但刻劃的非常到位,是了解當時時代劇烈轉變的經典。

這本史書真正的重點是在,提奧多西的兩個兒子分治帝國到阿拉里克包圍羅馬,這段Zosimos引用了不少史料,刻劃的相當細膩。Honorius是一位有點微妙的皇帝,他平庸無能,在位時間卻頗長,看似是可以有所作為多少挽回一點頹勢,但卻只是放任局勢惡化。Stilicho看似是那個有辦法的,但在Zosimos筆下卻只是個武夫,在政治鬥爭中落敗身死。關於這段,另外我推薦BBC在2006年拍的紀錄片“Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire”的最後一集,就是描述Honorius跟Alarich的故事,描述著年幼無知的皇帝,腐敗的官僚跟背負族人命運的蠻族領袖在亂世求生存的無奈,非常精彩。

《羅馬新史》是譯者謝品巍從1982年英譯本轉翻過來,保留了大量的註解,此外,還參考了其他兩個舊譯本以確認品質,相當敬業。另外,他還有翻譯過《羅馬國史大綱》,也是本一級史料,最近即將出版的是那本頗具爭議的《奧古斯都史》,目前正著手從拉丁文直接翻譯《羅馬十二帝王傳》,謝先生在羅馬史上可謂功德無量。

其實,近來,中國翻譯界在引進一些古典文獻也頗有成果,像拜占庭公主Anna Komnene替老爸Alexios I寫的傳記也即將出版,Quintus Curtius Rufus的《亞歷山大傳》也在著手中,都是令人振奮的事情。但可惜的是,同樣屬於晚期羅馬帝國的Ammianus Marcellinus的著作就乏人問津,只有一本華語論文介紹。

不管怎樣,還是希望能夠看到更多像這樣的史料文獻翻譯出版。
Profile Image for Brent L.
98 reviews1 follower
January 1, 2023
A history of the later Roman Empire, giving detailed account of time from Julian the Apostate to Honorius jut before the sack of Rome by Alaric in 410 AD. Zosimus, a pagan, partially attributes the decline and fall of the Empire to its conversion to Christianity. He shows extreme bias against Christians throughout the book. 
 The translation is old (1814) and extremely odd, with strange word choices, typos, and syntax. Far from being a bad thing, it actually made it more funny and enjoyable to read. 
 Treasonous troops “hunger for innovation,” while huge numbers of “promiscuous” persons die frequently. Townspeople have “frequent and easy intercourse” by a bridge over the Tigris. Many laughs.

Profile Image for Dimitris Taktikos.
15 reviews1 follower
December 20, 2020
Σύγγραμμα ιστορικής αξίας, που εστιάζει κυρίως στους πολέμους και τις δολοπλοκίες των Ρωμαίων αυτοκρατόρων, παραλείποντας τις κοινωνικές-πολιτικές αποφάσεις και ενέργειες τους.
Μεροληπτεί υπέρ των ηττημένων ιστορικά Εθνικών, αποθεώνει τον Ιουλιανό, ενώ θεωρεί την πολιτική και πνευματική αλλοτρίωση της Ρώμης, ως αποτέλεσμα της μεταστροφής των αξιωματούχων και μέρους του πληθυσμού προς τη Νέα Θρησκεία (Χριστιανισμός).
Profile Image for Santiago  González .
458 reviews7 followers
August 13, 2025
La reacción pagana a la tesis de Orosio, obra perfecta para leerla justo después.
Al igual que Orosio es interesantísima su cosmovisión pagana y contrastarla junto con las diferencias en los hechos que tiene con los historiadores cristianos anteriores (además de Orosio otros como Lactancio y Eusebio).
También es fuente importante de periodos apenas documentados.
Profile Image for Jeroen Van de Crommenacker.
749 reviews6 followers
July 26, 2024
Another classic of the genre. Practically unreadable by modern standards, but interesting as a source of first hand information.
Profile Image for The Esoteric Jungle.
182 reviews109 followers
September 10, 2019
Zosimus lived around 500 AD when Rome was dying, the West was almost succumbed - besides a few Goths and Brits - to Cainano Hun and Avar Slave traders (working up the ranks they didn’t ravage by war through taking seats among the jurisprudential exoteric Christians who were flourishing everywhere), Islam was about to rise and save earth for awhile until it was co-opted; and holy neo-platonic, gnostic, primordial universal paganism (of the sort Christ resurrected) was being persecuted everywhere like a grand witch hunt. The 1,200 year old school of Pythagoras and Plato all science and math in the West stemmed out from was being shut down and made illegal at this time.

So Zosimus as a Roman Pagan commenting on the new (exoteric) Christians and the history of Rome in retrospect sits at an interesting crossroads here as an outsider’s view on all of it. I highly recommend his works because of this and because he experienced the noumenal and saw it as key to history as all rational non-aristotelian people of conscience and consciousness do. Also he is highly accurate, though I should caution: you won’t get all the answers I know you are thirsting to find from such a hopeful resource. I think there is some evidence parts of his works are missing or repressed, very important parts.

Modern aristotelian scholarship will squeamishly tell you all these different important historical works such as his down through the ages (and Ammianus Marcellinus on the Goths and etc., etc.) were redacted either by Jews removing parts against them in Pagan and Christian works or Christians removing parts against their worldview in Pagan and Jewish writings. There is truth to both statements.

But by and far the main reason we are now present day historical amnesiacs and know almost nothing of real heady and emotional content about ourselves as a species, and the main reason most was removed from this work, is not because of exoteric Christians and exoteric Jews but because of these squeamish aristotelian “neutral and unbiased” go-along-to-get-along sort who, from Zosimus texts to works before and works after, have always been the main pontifical and “erasmus redactors” of all, removers, supressors, reworders, “princeps text mis-cataloguers and loosers.” All this in order to pacify everyone on all sides into a neutral, non-moral, non-metaphysical world-view till nothing is left to man’s self knowledge but “john re-tied his shoes on every second tuesday as a habit” and other such worthless factual data children have stuffed down their throat to memorize in rote in our schools till they are sickly beings with no heart or middle (see the Abolition of Man). I speak of those identified overly much with the 5 senses; not the materialist fact finders (as I am too) but the materialist reductionists.

Every central Mommsen, Mueller type suppressor I have looked into in every century (Causabon too - I have a list of over hundreds) who were the real spiders guarding the fly pile, with their webs and top access to man’s primary texts they alone would allow with a few others, have been these sickly types we should all revolt against as they keep all of us asleep as sheep with their lies.

So I am sorry, you will find only a little of deepest value in Zosimus. But still there were a good many things that made it through the ringer concerning Rome’s early rise into ascendancy, in general, from a small group of men noumenally attached to primordial notions of higher order and divine ancestors in them (unto it’s various stages of demise as it was progressively co-opted by Sulla type aristotelians and the AD ilk).

And again, his outsider perspective as a Roman Pagan on the new exoteric Christians spreading everywhere, also, is a truly interesting viewpoint; almost as interesting as his contemporary, Rutulius Namatianus, on the exoteric jews taking over Rome at this time.

Being placed by fate to be as an Athanasius Kircher (a full Germanist and full Kabbalist without contradiction or apology) in this odd generation, I, of course, find all this really interesting. I am also non-violent Hindu and Punk era revolutionary renegade (which will never die in me) and see no contradiction in either or in being an “esoteric” Christian when I speak of the revolution as I just did above - which I mean one of attitude, attention, resiliency and openly debating any reductionist in an “all facts thrown in” manner.

Why mention this in a review? Because all of these motifs in me wihout contradiction are true Romanism resurrected (which is primordial, good universal paganism when it remained Palatinate and healthy and of the kind Zosimus reveals) so what I say here is not at all unrelated to Zosimus but a continuation of his spirit he would have wished to see furthered in making such a work.

Being emotionally engaged with a work to where you even see yourself a continuation of it is what a real re-view can be at times. So I’m happy to further recommend Zosimus the Pagan’s History of Rome, both in spirit noumenally and intellectually.
Profile Image for Mete Oguz.
26 reviews21 followers
March 23, 2017
A Pagan narrative on why the Roman emperor rose, and then more so, why it declined. The narrative is interesting as it shows a pagan view-point which attempts to counters Eusebius' 'today's mainstream' Christian version of events from the same period.

His main source is Eunapius, whom he basically copies out. The reasons for the fall of the Roman emperor, are neglect of the Gods (or the rise of Christianity), the mismanagement of the empire by eunuchs, magistrates etc, and also barbarisation of the empire (militarily and culturally).

It was dull, but still more amusing than the Christian narratives. All the oracle stories and dreams that Zosimus explains make it kind of pleasant to read.
4 reviews
June 14, 2014
Interesting history of the era by a clearly non-christian pagan. The history itself is one of the very few (surviving) histories with that viewpoint and thus unique.
Profile Image for Fran.
120 reviews17 followers
Read
November 18, 2019
Los historiadores bizantinos estan todos de acuerdo que Zosimo escribe muy mal... ¡Y tienen razon!
(Sin rating porque el texto tiene valor historico pero al mismo tiempo fue un martirio leerlo.)
Displaying 1 - 12 of 12 reviews

Can't find what you're looking for?

Get help and learn more about the design.