“You can’t change how other people think and act, but you’re in full control of you. When it comes down to it, the only question that matters is this: If nothing in the world ever changes, what type of man are you gonna be?”
Dear Martin is one of several YA novels that seem to have emerged in response to the killing of young black people by police officers in the U. S. and in keeping with the Black Lives Matter movement. Since it is YA and is likely going to be adopted in schools, it can provide an opportunity for discussions that can link to current events. Others in this conversation include The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas and Jason Reynolds and Brendan Kiely’s All American Boys, both of which I read and liked. As of this writing, I will also read Ibi Zoboi’s American Street soon. And Kwame Alexander’s Booked. I write this during the Laquan McDonald trial here in Chicago in fall 2018, so I timed my reading of this now with my YA class (which is focused mainly on romance and gothic horror, though there’s both romance and "horror" in Dear Martin, too).
What I look for in a YA novel about race is not much different than what I look for in any YA novel, or any novel: For it to be a novel, and not didactic. To explore issues, and not preach about them. This one opens pretty grippingly and not surprisingly with Justyce, a black teen, arrested as (white) cops see him wrestling his (white-appearing) drunk girlfriend Melo into the back seat of a car. Justyce (like real life Angie Thomas) lived in the city, but now boards at an exclusive prep school with mostly white kids, and is (he finds later) going to Yale; his debate partner, SJ, is white, Jewish, going to Columbia U. Jus’s best friend is Manny, a black guy who has some (white) friends who question affirmative action and so on. Manny is also (white) Jared's best friend.
When we begin the novel Jus is already beginning a project for himself, a series of letters to Dr. Martin Luther King to help him reflect on his (own) life. The arrest pushes Jus a little faster down a road of racial awareness, and he talks to his mama around then about MLK and about how it is important for us to live together. Jus listens to a class discussion on equality, and then participates in an ill-advised Halloween parade dressed us a “ghetto thug” as a white kid goes full-on KKK, hood and all. Bad decision.
The road to racial awareness gets rockier when Jus, playing music too loud in a a car, is profaned by the N-word, shot by a cop, and a (key person, I’m not sayin’) is also shot and killed. Jus considers joining the Black Jihad gang, as a result. This process of considering gang membership, and meeting with the leader of said gang, like the ill-advised Halloween dress-up, comes back to bite Jus. I don’t always believe everything that happens in this book, but I like a couple surprises that happen in it, and I like the way it moves to the end, with a complicated trial, continued connections with (anti-affirmative-action) Jared, SJ, and MLK.
“You ever consider that maybe you not supposed to 'fit'? People who make history rarely do.”
I like:
*the fact that Jus adopts a project, to write letters to Martin Luther King, as a way of exploring how to live his life.
*that (white) Jewish SJ is the most articulate spokesperson for racial justice issues in two classroom discussions (though I can imagine some people might not like this). The fact that some white people can be allies in the fight is important in this book.
*I like the classroom discussions on equality in Doc’s class, though it is clear they are all prep school articulate; they don’t sound like “average” kids.
*Teacher Doc, a black guy and Jus’s mentor, who also went to an exclusive white prep school and experienced racism.
*Stone’s point that class and education do not protect you from prejudice. Coates in his memoir tells a real life story about a black friend who was rich and well educated but killed, nevertheless.
*I like it that activist mama is just not ready yet about his son dating white girls (she’s complicated, feels real).
*I like that last scene at the graveyard. Hey, people can change!
Spoiler issues I have trouble with in the book:
*Melo is dismissed as a “ho” by some in the book, and she never gets fully respected.
*I don’t quite buy that smart future Yalie, after taking with his mom about MLK, would actually get dressed up as a “thug” for Halloween with other stereotypically- dressed kids (one goes full on KKK and pays for that). I might possibly buy he considers joining a gang, but I don’t quite believe it.
*Not enough Jus introspection spent on the grieving of the kid who is killed (mentioned above).
*I wish Jus would have more fully engaged with the ideas of MLK; like: quote some, mention actual events? I know Jus is young and newly engaged in justice issues, but the actual MLK conversation seems flat and generalized and shallow. I guess the very fact that he dresses as a “thug” and considers joining a violent gang illustrates he doesn’t fully understand the idea of MLK (yet).
*The Yale roommate is stereotypically dressed white prep; hmm, can we consider he may not be racist? I suppose Jared’s example can be considered here.
*SJ and Jus binge watch National Geographic, which could be funny, but maybe we could learned of their interest in science.
If you were teaching this book, I’d read it with Ta Nehisi Coates’s Between the World and Me and James Baldwin’s The Fire Next Time and lots of stuff all too easy to find on the internet today.
I think this is a good book for discussion and my students like it. I don't think it is too preachy, and in the SJ-Jus connection, and with the ending, is complex about racial relations in places. I think it’s pretty engaging.