Broken Glass is about the Farnsworth House, an iconic work of architecture designed and built in the late 1940s by architect Mies van der Rohe for Dr. Edith Farnsworth, a kidney specialist from Chicago.
The house has always intrigued me with its transparency, modern design, and because of its first owner—a single, professional woman who wanted to build a unique space for a weekend retreat. The book delves into the story by first describing how Farnsworth aligned herself with the famous architect, Rohe, whom she met at a dinner party with a group of Chicago elites. Surprisingly, Rohe agreed to design her “little” house on the condition that it was different, minimal, and modern.
Farnsworth and Rohe began the project in alignment, even engaging in a brief affair, but as construction began, relations deteriorated. The book's title references their fractious relationship that culminated in a lawsuit. Triggered by cost overruns, the lawsuit involved Mies suing Farnsworth for non-payment, with Farnsworth countersuing for misrepresentation. The relationship was indeed broken, but it was Farnsworth (in my opinion) who experienced the most brokenness. Edith never got to enjoy her weekend home; she endured years of headaches, heartache, and expense. Structural problems endured, even years after the house was completed in 1951. The house flooded, usually in the spring. Its roof leaked. The home was cold in the winter and hot in the summer. Condensation clung to the inside of the glass for six months of the year. The fireplace, built directly onto the travertine floor, never worked properly due to poor air circulation within the house.
Rohe never experienced the level of despair that Edith did after the Glass House was complete. In fact, the house appeared to have boosted Rohe’s career. Countless architectural enthusiasts and professional practitioners visited the house to get a glimpse of its radical design (often with Farnsworth inside) and experience Rohe’s attempt to “bring the outdoors in." Articles were written; exhibitions staged—all celebrating the “brilliant” architect, Mies van der Rohe, an architect at the forefront of international modernism.
Broken Glass was interesting, but I took issue with how Beam portrayed Farnsworth in contrast to Rohe. Rohe was the brilliant architect and creator of an iconic modernist masterpiece, yet Farnsworth was portrayed as difficult, abrasive, and unlikeable. One example is how Beam titled chapter two, “She Had a Sharp Tongue," in reference to Farnsworth. Farnsworth deserved equal treatment to Rohe. She was an accomplished violinist, one of very few women in the US to obtain her MD designation in 1938, a practicing doctor and associate professor of medicine at Passavant Hospital, specializing in nephrology (the study of the kidney). After retiring from medicine and moving to Italy, Farnsworth became a published translator of the Italian poet Eugenio Montale, a recipient of a Nobel Prize in literature. Yet Beam referenced Edith’s accomplishments in passing, frequently with innuendos that she was disliked and at times incompetent.
Despite the book’s shortcomings, Broken Glass is a good read that architecture enthusiasts will find worthwhile. It includes several black-and-white photographs of the Farnsworth home and various images of the design process.