a favorite and it is blowing now fabulous leaves all over:
O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being, Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,
Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou, Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed
The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low, Each like a corpse within its grave, until Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow
Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill (Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air) With living hues and odours plain and hill:
Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear!
II Thou on whose stream, mid the steep sky's commotion, Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed, Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,
Angels of rain and lightning: there are spread On the blue surface of thine aëry surge, Like the bright hair uplifted from the head
Of some fierce Maenad, even from the dim verge Of the horizon to the zenith's height, The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge
Of the dying year, to which this closing night Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre, Vaulted with all thy congregated might
Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh hear!
III Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams The blue Mediterranean, where he lay, Lull'd by the coil of his crystalline streams,
Beside a pumice isle in Baiae's bay, And saw in sleep old palaces and towers Quivering within the wave's intenser day,
All overgrown with azure moss and flowers So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou For whose path the Atlantic's level powers
Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear The sapless foliage of the ocean, know
Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear, And tremble and despoil themselves: oh hear!
IV If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear; If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share
The impulse of thy strength, only less free Than thou, O uncontrollable! If even I were as in my boyhood, and could be
The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven, As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed Scarce seem'd a vision; I would ne'er have striven
As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need. Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud! I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!
A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.
V Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is: What if my leaves are falling like its own! The tumult of thy mighty harmonies
Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone, Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce, My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like wither'd leaves to quicken a new birth! And, by the incantation of this verse,
Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind! Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth
The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
I've quite enjoyed some of Shelley's shorter poetry and I'd been itching to read this. It's a really lovely poem, with very strong themes of nature, mortality, and revolution and change. If you are new to poetry or unfamiliar with Romantic period poetry, it may be helpful to read through this poem once, then read an analysis on it. I usually always do after I read something just to be clear I understood it and took everything from it that I could have, just in case! I recommend Shmoop because I like their style.
This poem can be difficult to understand if you're unfamiliar with Shelley's style and even if you are familiar with it, you might want to give it a second read. I found I definitely needed the second read to really digest it! But I don't mind that. I really love Percy Bysshe Shelley and I loved West Wind. Around the time he wrote this, he and his wife, Mary Shelley had just lost their son, William. Percy uses strong imagery of death and hits on the theme of mortality constantly in this poem, which I can only relate to the recent loss of his son. Examples: "Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead / Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing" and "Each like a corpse within its grace, until / Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow"
However, Shelley also talks a lot about the cyclicity of seasons and regeneration come Spring. I think, perhaps, this provides insight into his deep feelings over the loss of his son and how he was trying to cope with it. Shelley continues in saying that he wishes to be spread by the wind, like the "leaves dead," and have his thoughts be spread out among people. Shelley was incredibly radical, politically and socially, as well as in literary terms; so, wishing to have his ideas spread out to others in the hopes of inciting change and revolution is not surprising to hear. I enjoy the way he uses the ways of the wind, how it causes such things like the spreading of seeds, which compares to the way he wants his thoughts spread, like seeds in other peoples' minds.
This is one of my favorite Percy Bysshe Shelley poems and I highly recommend it, though you may need to give it a second read or use the help of an analysis if you're unfamiliar with his work or Romantic period poetry. Ode of the West Wind is a very well-written and well-structured poem, with very strong themes that he carries very craftily throughout the entirety of the poem.
Quotes: "Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed, / Shook from the tangled bough of Heaven and Ocean"
"I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!"
"The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, / If Winder comes, can Spring be far behind?"
This is a beautiful and poignant poem about a man realizing that the west wind brings autumn and this winter, yet has the forethought to also realize if it brings winter, it also brings spring. As I said, it's a beautiful and poignant poem.
Composed between ‘The Mask of Anarchy’ and ‘England in 1819', this ode replicates a concoction of dejection and sanguinity not unlike that found in these two poems; here, however, Shelley presents his emotions with a more personal flavour and finds his imagery, not in public events, but in the forces in nature.
The final part of ‘Prometheus Unbound’ which he was completing at this time makes a similar use of natural imagery, but the particular attention given to autumn, spring and the wind looks back to a passage in ‘The Revolt of Islam’, (Canto XI, Stanzas—XXI-XXX).
In a memo Shelley illustrates the instantaneous situation in which he wrote the poem:
“This poem was conceived and chiefly written in a wood that, skirts the Arno, near Florence, and on a day when that tempestuous wind, whose temperature is at once mild and animating, was collecting the vapours which pour down the autumnal rains. They began, as I foresaw, at sunset with a violent tempest of hail and rain, attended by that magnificent thunder and lightning peculiar to the Cisalpine regions.”
Ode to the West Wind is romantic in the self-revelation of the poet.The poet fanatically desires to share the unconquerable energy of the West Wind and prays to it to lift him as it lifts a leaf, a cloud and a wave.
He laments that he has lost much of his boyish impetuosity He has now fallen on the thorns of life; troubles and oppressions of various sorts now afflict his soul. So he earnestly needs the help of the West Wind.
He desires to give himself entirely to the power of the West Wind so that it may blow through his mind as it blows through the forest. The poet prophesies that with the driving force of the West Wind his unrealized thoughts will herald the millennium, the golden age.
The poem is romantic in the poet’s mode of praying. Being human, the ‘poet has to pray. All the way through the poem he has been celebrating the wind in eulogy and prayer. This is atypical. He prays not to the ‘Holy Spirit’ but to the ‘Wild Spirit’, the destroyer and preserver, the sister wind of the cerulean breeze of the spring: and the first three sections of the poem ends with the invocation
Thy voice, and suddenly grow grey with fear, And tremble and despoil themselves: O hear!
The poem is also romantic in its use of imageries. In the poem, imageries follow one another in nippy succession and it is not always possible to keep pace with the hasty kaleidoscopic change of images.
As a matter of fact, this poem, hailed as one of Shelley's greatest poems, a "matchless ode", is not easy to understand. The chief complicatedness in understanding it occurs from the profusion of similes and metaphors which follow one another with an astounding rapidity. In the course of the poem, Shelley passes from a superlative realisation of Nature's storm and peace to equally great self-description and to end with, blends Nature and himself together with the intention of singing of the Golden Age of mankind.
Shelley watches the West Wind acting as a destroyer of the dead leaves and as a preserver of the living seeds. He finds it carrying clouds on its surface and sees the locks of the approaching storm spread on its airy waves. Further, he imagines the West Wind awakening the Mediterranean from its slumber and throwing the Atlantic into a hullabaloo so that the plants at the bottom of the ocean shed their leaves in fear.
What impresses Shelley most about the West Wind is its might, vigour, energy, and freedom. He finds it "uncontrollable", "swift", "tameless" and "proud". Next, he regards the West Wind as a artiste playing upon the autumnal forest which is its lyre.
Finally, the West Wind has the power to scatter the poet's thoughts over the universe and to broadcast his prophecy about the Golden Age of mankind.
Shelley reads more than a few symbolical meanings in the West Wind:
1) He sees the West Wind as a synchronized demonstration of annihilation and perpetuation. In point of fact, the West Wind obliterates the dead leaves and conserves the living seeds. To Shelley's mind, the West Wind appears as the slayer of the old order, and the preserver of the new. The West Wind, consequently, becomes an icon of revolution or mutability, which destroys yet reconstructs all things, while the leaves and seeds symbolise for him all things, material and spiritual, that are ruled by change.
2) Shelley regards the West Wind as a symbol of mourning. The sound of the West Wind passing through the forest is melancholy or mournful. Hence the West Wind is called a "dirge of the dying year".
3) The West Wind is a symbol of Shelley's own personality. As a boy he possessed the same qualities which the West Wind possesses. Like the West Wind, he was tameless, swift, proud, wild, uncontrollable, and fierce. There is thus an affinity between the West Wind and the poet.
This affinity encourages the poet to appeal to the West Wind for help, so that the West Wind is not only a symbol of his temperament and personality but also a symbol of aid and relief to him in his distress. He looks upon the West Wind as a saviour.
4) The West Wind is regarded as a symbol of the power that will bring about the Golden Age of mankind. The poet expresses the faith that "If Winter comes, Spring cannot be far behind.
In the last stanza, as the first, the West Wind appears as a symbol of revolutionary change that would aid to a "new birth" and will regenerate the "unawakened earth".
Shelley was a revolutionary. He was most keenly dissatisfied with the prevalent order of things. He hated political tyranny and orthodox Christianity, the wickedness of religion, the evil, and the wars which made the life of men so unhappy and miserable. He wanted to liberate mankind from the menace of political, religious, and intellectual slavery. This attitude of mind is undoubtedly reflected in this poem. The West Wind is depicted as a destroyer of the old leaves and a preserver of the living seeds. Symbolically interpreted, the West Wind is a destroyer of the old order of society and a preserver of the new.
In other words, the West Wind is a symbol of those forces which brush away old modes of life, old institutions and old customs, and which herald new ways of thought and new patterns of life.
In the last stanza, the West Wind symbolises the forces that will bring about the Golden Age of mankind, when human nature would become perfect and when Beauty and Love would rule the universe. Shelley dreamed of a millennium and believed in the perfectibility of human nature. Of this belief the West Wind is the proclaimer.
Shelley's idealism is evident from this belief. Shelley was an idealist, a dreamer, a visionary, and we clearly see him in this light in this poem in which he utters a prophecy about the radiant future of mankind. Shelley expresses the hope that his "dead thoughts" will quicken a new birth and thus bring about a revolutionary change in the social, political, and religious set-up of human society. The poem has thus a prophetic quality. In other words, the poet speaks in his character of a prophet, saying. "If-Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" Shelley was a pessimist as regards the present of mankind, but he was a radiant optimist about the future.
The West Wind drives away the dead leaves; the word dead suggests theidea of ghost. The dark cold bed to which the ‘ripe seeds are driven’ suggests the idea of the grave. The clouds are represented as the locks of ‘the approaching storm’. The frost is represented as the lyre. The poet’s soul is likened to the forest in autumn. His words are sparks. The poet concludes with the image of dreary winter followed by spring.
Of all the romantics, Shelley is the most imaginative. Imagination is the keynote of Ode to the West Wind. Here his imagination soars intothe upper regions and the action of the West Wind follows:
Thou on whose stream, ‘mid the steep sky’s commotion, Loose ‘louds like earth’s decaying leaves are shed, Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,
His, imagination dives deep below:
……………………..while far below
The sea blooms and the oozy woods which wear The sapless foliage of the ocean, know Thy voice, and suddenly grow grey with fear, And tremble and despoil themselves:
Shelley is the most personal of all the poets. His self-revelation is complete in Ode to the West Wind. Here he says that he has lost much ofhis boyish impetuosity. He has now fallen on the thorns of life; he bleeds.
Troubles and oppressions now afflict his soul. The poet addresses thewind personally as if it were a deity. He likens himself to the leaf, thecloud and the wave subject to the force of the wind, but recognizes thatage and experience have deprived him of the freedom and hope he hadfelt when he was younger.
Shelley is a nature poet. The West Wind is described in all its violence and awful magnificence. It blows over the earth and drives thedead leaves away. It is a wild spirit. It raises a great commotion while itblows in the sky.
The clouds are shaken and blown. When it blows overthe Mediterranean, the wind lashes it into waves and cleaves passagesfor itself through the glossy surface of the ocean.
Shelley is a poet as well as a prophet. In Ode to the West Wind, the poet and the prophet have become one. He is little interested, in the past. He is always aware of the present when it jarred on his social idealism.To renovate the world, to bring about utopia is his constant aim.
Shelley’s belief in the poet’s role as prophet, which he argues so powerfully in ‘A Defence of Poetry’, observes J. R. Watson, is nowhere more uniquevocally stated in verse than it is in Ode to the West Wind: it is a cry to the world to be renewed, awakened, and reinvigorated. For this purpose, Shelley bravely disregards the archetype: it is usually spring that awakens theworld, but by choosing the wind of the autumn storm he does two things.
He makes it abundantly clear that he is not forcing the natural worldinto his own mould, but the poem is occasioned by a specific momentand not the other way round; secondly he is seeing the process of rebirthas being naturally preceded by the destruction of the old unregenerate,world.
So the wind is ‘Destroyer and Preserver”.
With matchless fervourand eloquence the poet sings:’
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like wither'd leaves to quicken a new birth! And, by the incantation of this verse,
Shelley personifies the West Wind and gives it an independent life. He also personifies the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, giving each a separate existence. These forces of Nature are so vitally imagined that they become real presences, inspiring wonder and awe. This giving of individual life to the different forces of Nature is known as Shelley's mytho-poetic quality or the quality of making myths.
Shelley is unique in English poetry by virtue of this power. For him the forces of Nature have the same reality as human beings. In this poem, he renders natural phenomena in terms of conscious life. All the works of the West Wind are imagined as its conscious and deliberate acts.
In the final two stanzas, he ponders about the possibilities that his alteration by the wind would have on his skill as a poet. If he could be a leaf, a cloud, or a wave, he would be able to partake straightforwardly in the regenerative process he sees taking place in the natural world. His words would become like these natural objects, which are dispersed about the world and which serve as elements to help bring about new life. He yearns that, much like the seeds he has seen scattered about, his “leaves”, his “dead thoughts”— could be carried across the world by the West Wind so that they could “quicken to a new birth” at a later time, when others might take heed of their message.
The final question with which the poet ends this poem is actually a note of hope: The “death” that occurs in winter is customarily followed by a “new life” every spring. The sequence of the seasons that he sees occurring around him gives Shelley optimism that his works might share the fate of other objects in nature.
They may be unheeded a moment or two, but at some point they will have an enormous brunt on humankind.
Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is: What if my leaves are falling like its own! The tumult of thy mighty harmonies Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone, Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce, My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one! Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like withered leaves to quicken a new birth! And, by the incantation of this verse, Scatter, as from an unextinguished hearth Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind! Be through my lips to unawakened Earth
The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
“Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud! I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!”
The West Wind is not peaceful or gentle. It is, as Shelley calls it, “the breath of Autumn’s being.” Autumn is a season of transition , when summer’s abundance fades, and death prepares the way for renewal. The West Wind mirrors this: it destroys, but it also preserves.
In Indian mythology, Shiva is the destroyer while Vishnu is the preserver. Shelley’s wind embodies both , sweeping away the sick, fallen leaves, while at the same time tucking seeds beneath the snow, safeguarding life until spring returns in fresh hues. Death is inevitable, but rebirth is necessary.
Adore this poem so much, I have to count it as a read on here. I’ve read it at least five times today, and completely torn it to pieces with annotations and thoughts. Side nerdy note: I really like terza rima in poetry.
Very interesting take on the decay of the west. In this instance, the author treats the decay as a necessary action that will allow for rebirth (Herman Hesse explores a similar theme in his novel Siddhartha).
It’s almost as if a great cleansing occurs, paving way for a new rise.
The speaker adresses the West Wind by calling it "Wild". He evaluates it as a destroyer and preserver at the same time. He is of the view that this wind takes the old and pale leaves away and grows the new seeds. The writer is may of the view that Westerns are making progresses amd eliminating the useless things. Is it so by the way?
this poem was a great innovation when it first came out. its revolutionary soul was perfectly depicted through the amazing words of the poet, i love it
⭐ Ode to the West Wind — Nostalgic, Powerful, and a Bit Elusive
Reading Ode to the West Wind takes me back to my 10th standard English class — the memory of encountering Shelley’s words for the first time still lingers like the wind itself: strong, sweeping, and slightly mysterious.
At that age, I remember being struck by the intensity of the imagery — the storms, the falling leaves, the wild energy of the west wind itself — yet I also found it hard to fully decipher what each line meant. Even now, reading it again, there’s a certain elusiveness in Shelley’s words that keeps the poem hovering between clarity and mystery.
What I love about it is the emotional power. You can feel the poet’s longing, his hope for renewal, and the deep connection he draws between nature and human experience, even if the exact meaning of some lines slips through your fingers. There’s a rhythm and a force in the language that makes it feel alive, almost like the wind is speaking directly to you.
For me, this poem isn’t just about understanding every metaphor; it’s about experiencing it, letting the energy and the melancholy wash over you, and remembering the first time you felt poetry hit with real weight. Nostalgic, stirring, and just a little elusive — Ode to the West Wind is a poem I’ll keep returning to, even if I don’t fully grasp every line.
Tahla balada se mi prostě zapsala do srdce. Měla jsem ji číst v němčině, ale k dispozici jsem měla překlad ze začátku 20. století, a popravdě jsem měla problém pochopit ji. Tak jsem si ji přečetla v originále. To už bylo lepší (což mě překvapilo, vzhledem k tomu, jak málo s angličtinou v posledních měsících pracuji). No a nakonec mi to nedalo a zachtělo se mi porovnat originál také s českým překladem (od Jarmily Urbánkové, ne s tím od Vrchlického). Úplně nejvíc mě zasáhl čtvrtý zpěv. A obecně to spojení něčeho "špatného" a zároveň něco nového, plného naděje, ta touha po změně, odhodlání... A tolik drobných symbolů, které se dají vykládat samozřejmě z perspektivy "teď zkoumáme, co je tu romantického", ale mohou vás zasáhnout i osobně, protože některé problémy se neřeší pouze v určitých epochách (literární) historie, ale pořád. Minimálně na osobní rovině. Romantismus je mi sympatický (a vždycky byl) právě pro svou subjektivitu, pro osobní nasazení autorových myšlenek a pocitů. Jasně, ne každé dílo spadající sem mě zaujalo nebo nadchlo, ale většina přeci jen ano. No a právě Óda západnímu větru všemu nasadila korunu.
Short and powerful, Shelly’s beautiful use of language and rhythm in this poem invoke wonderful imagery. It is a poem full of passion and life, with elegant descriptions and bold vocabulary— perfectly portraying its themes of death, rebirth, and strength. A beautiful, short piece that I truly and thoroughly enjoyed.
Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud! I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!
We are as helpless, as wounded, as shattered as Shelley was 200 years ago. How heart breaking is it that we experience same shattered feelings with people of places we never been to, and of time that is unknown to us.
I was in my customs class and honestly anything that has to do with customs processes makes me feel dumb so I just pulled this out on a poetry site and read it as I pretended to be working on the assignment we had.
"Ode to the West Wind" is an enchantigly written poem about the beauty of nature. This is certainly my favorite kind of romatic poetry. I do suspect, however, that the seasonal change in this work is a metaphor for social change, especially when keeping Shelley's political positions in mind.
He invokes the wild west wind of autumn, which scatters the dead leaves and spread seeds so that they may be nurtured by the spring ....to spread his thoughts across the universe 🌿