The son of a local newspaper editor, Irving Newton Brandt earned his BA in 1909 at the University of Iowa, in Iowa City. He worked as a reporter and editorial writer for the St. Louis Star-Times from 1918 to 1923, and 1930 to 1938. Though the author of works of poetry, short stories, plays, and children's novels, he is best known for his six-volume scholarly biography of James Madison.
Published in 1970, "The Fourth President: A Life of James Madison" is Irving Brant's abridgment of his six-volume series published between 1941 and 1961. Brant was a journalist and historian who focused on James Madison as well as the U.S. Constitution. Brant died in 1976 at the age of 91.
Brant's detailed study of Madison began in 1938 when he started to write what he believed would be a book on Madison's leadership during the Constitutional Convention. But given the volume of new information he uncovered, Brant dramatically expanded the scale and scope of his work. What resulted was the most detailed exploration of James Madison's life ever published.
Because the complete six volume series is both difficult to find and costly to procure, anyone interested in Brant's work will likely to turn to this widely-available abridgment. With 647 pages of text, it is far shorter than the three-thousand page series from which it is derived...but is still the second longest of the eight Madison biographies I've read.
Readers will quickly discover this more an intellectual study of Madison's public career than a traditional biography covering his personal and professional lives. There is never any doubt the author's primary focus is Madison's political career; his childhood, family life and friendships receive minimal attention during the book's sixty-three chapters.
Not surprising for a book of its vintage, the narrative feels dated and stiff and often exudes a dry academic overtone. But it also frequently exhibits an interesting interrogatory flair as Brant seeks to separate fact from fiction (a clear investigative impulse pervades the book). And Brant occasionally punctuates discussions with clever one-liners.
The book provides many moments of insight and wisdom, but among the most valuable are the chapters reviewing Madison's efforts during (and just after) the Philadelphia Convention in 1787. These ten chapters - beginning with Madison's survey of constitutional confederacies and ending with the adoption of the Bill of Rights - comprise the essential core of this book.
But for all its merit, Brant's biography possesses several shortcomings. First, it assumes its audience is already quite familiar with Madison's era. For some readers this will not be a problem. But for anyone lacking the requisite background in early US history, this book may prove more frustrating than revealing.
Additionally, the author's writing style cannot be described as captivating or engaging. Rarely does Brant sweep the reader into a scene to witness a heated constitutional debate, to watch as Madison and Hamilton discuss The Federalist Papers or listen as Madison and Jefferson discuss politics over dinner at Montpelier.
Finally, Brant never animates Madison or any of his family, friends or colleagues (including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, James Monroe and a host of others). Instead, they remain largely lifeless and disappointingly two-dimensional characters. Even the inimitable Dolley Madison is strangely silent throughout most of the book.
Overall, Irving Brant's "The Fourth President: A Life of James Madison" is a detailed and dated account of the (public) life of James Madison. Readers with a strong background in the era may find this biography thoughtful and often cleverly written. But anyone seeking a traditional comprehensive (or colorful) biography is likely to find it dry, difficult and underwhelming.
A bit outdated but still interesting. Fun fact: President Madison fought against and helped defeat the notion that if a President is impeached he must be suspended until cleared of all charges.
Excellent single volume biography of Madison. Can't recommend it enough. You'll come away with knowing more about the sometimes enigmatic Madison than knew before, that's for sure. He wasn't the absolute states' rights person some would have him be. In fact, he started out a nationalist and vacillated back and forth throughout his life, depending on circumstances. This book leaves you wanting to read the multi-volume work on which it's based, though Brant himself said he needed to write the multi-volume work before he could condense Madison into a single volume. This is well-written and well-researched.
Excellent bio on one of the most important and influential presidents of the US. Overshadowed by Jefferson, Madison's efforts to lead helped save the United States from oblivion on more than one occasion. Our current constitution replaced a failed system that was completely unworkable and Madison worked hard with the writing of this and getting it passed (Jefferson was in Paris at this time, so his influence was as a sounding board).
The bio was well researched and on the verge of hero worship. Those opposing Madison's views were often ridiculed in the book. Interestingly that those who think politics are divisive today know very little of politics in the early days. "You want an Army? Sure you are allowed an army, but there will be no money for it, but sure, go ahead."