It is a case oft-spoken about, even though close to six decades (or one whole grandparent) has passed since the incident that triggered it. It was a case like no other in India’s history, one that figuratively finalised the “death sentence” passed against the jury system months earlier, one that pitted not the prime actors in it but two of Bombay’s many ethnic groups against one another. It featured the likes of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, then Prime Minister of India, then Chief of Naval Staff Vice Adm. R.D. Katari, future Navy Chief Cmdre. S.N. Nanda, “Nehru’s evil genius” and then Defence Minister V.K. Krishna Menon, future CJI Y.V. Chandrachud, J.R.D. Tata and Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. There was also an unofficial member of the prosecution, then a young man in his mid-thirties who is today one of India’s sharpest and most acclaimed legal luminaries: Ram Jethmalani.
When up-and-coming Naval officer Cdr. Kawas M. Nanavati shot and killed his friend and his wife Sylvia’s lover Prem Ahuja on the afternoon of 27th April 1959, few would’ve guessed the prominence the incident and the legal proceedings that followed would acquire. Though Nanavati was acquitted by the jury, the judge found the verdict incorrect, dismissed the jury and referred the case to the Bombay High Court, which sentenced Cdr. Nanavati to life in prison. The Supreme Court dismissed his appeal in 1961 and yet, just three years later, Mr. Nanavati (he had been dismissed from the Navy by then) was pardoned. He emigrated to Canada with Sylvia and the children, leaving behind a case riveting enough for a seasoned writer to want to bite into its various layers and put out the details for the literate all and sundry. Bachi Karkaria, with her 2017 book In Hot Blood, does just that.
Karkaria’s research is fantastic. She has gone to great lengths to ensure the authenticity of facts, whether it is through newspaper archives or personal accounts. She manages to put it all together seamlessly. She also must be commended for wanting to examine angles within the case: she writes about each of the three protagonists with some amount of depth and clarity. Then there is the trial at the sessions court, followed by Bombay HC, the controversial pardon by Governor Sri Prakasa, a mini-constitutional crisis over the governor’s role and finally the Supreme Court of India. She also addresses the class and ethnic issue that was at the heart of the murder and the trial, as well as the tabloid war between Russi Karanjia’s Blitz and Dosu Karaka’s Current. The book is a cocktail in the sense that in its short length of 304 pages, it manages to cover all of the case and more.
Karkaria goes the whole hog by bringing in Krishna Menon and Pandit Nehru, both of who are said to have influenced and ensured Nanavati’s quick release from prison. There is the mention of a ship-buying scam that Nanavati may have known about, which would’ve put the government in a fix. Reading the book makes you realise that this is perhaps one of India’s most extraordinary cases. After all, Prime Ministers and Defence Ministers don’t find routine mentions in books detailing the murder of a businessman.
The only real complaint I had with the book was the narrative style Karkaria adopts. I found it overly-stylised and over-the-top. Had that been toned down, the book would’ve made not only for a better read but also for a shorter one.
In Hot Blood had the makings of a great book, but its fatal flaw makes it only a good one. Read it if you wish to examine the complicated layers of the murder of Prem Ahuja and the case of K.M. Nanavati vs the State of Bombay/Maharashtra.