Christianity, like most religions, has practical expressions. We worship, serve, care, administer, teach, preach, evangelize. There is a theological component to all of this, whether it is theological reflection on experience/practice or application of theology. If one prepares for ministry at seminary, one will take, in addition to the core courses in bible, theology, church history, courses that deal with those areas of practice. It is helpful to have a firm grasp on what is happening, so one is ready to move forward in ministry.
Pete Ward's "Introducing Practical Theology," provides a readable overview of of the field of practical theology. The author, who is "professorial fellow in ecclesiology and ethnography at St. John's College, Durham University, offers this book to two audiences. The first is his colleagues in the field of practical theology and a more general audience including students studying practical theology as well as practitioners, by which I assume he means clergy, who wish to further develop their skills in theological reflection on ministry. One of his concerns is the need to reembrace "applied theology," by which I believe he means putting faith into practice. Thus, his definition of practical theology is "any way of thinking that takes both practice and theology seriously." (p. 5).
While Ward engages a broad spectrum of thinkers, his own orientation in this introductory book is evangelical (though in our times that word has become rather suspect). When it comes to the starting point, he begins with theology/scripture rather than experience. That is, he moves from theology to practice, rather than from practice to theology. Or maybe better he leans in the direction of theology as starting point, as he admits that it is difficult to name a definite starting point.
The book itself is comprised of ten chapters. He starts with the a chapter exploring the premise that practical theology is the "ordinary life of the church." In other words, whatever needs to be said here is connected to church in its day to day existence. From there he moves to an exploration of Anselm's premise concerning "faith seeking understanding" as a context for doing this work. He expeaks of the connection of the Gospel to Practical Theology and its relationship to lived theology. There is a chapter on the discipline as a conversation about practice and theology, followed by a description of theological reflection. Throughout these chapters, we encounter important figures in the field from Stewart Hiltner to Bonnie Miller-McLemore. Chapters seven and eight speak to the relationship of practical theology to the theological disciplines (bible, theology, etc.) and "conversation about culture. The final two chapters are focused on the actual study of practical theology, including doing "small-scale empirical research" and producing papers and studies.
Of the chapters, the one that most interested me was chapter eight, which explored cultural context. In part this is a chapter exploring mission studies. At the center of the conversation is the issue of translation -- how do we speak and act within a context? To what extent does culture affect how we live as Christians? Conversation partners here include Lammen Sanneh, Lesslie Newbigin, and David Bosch. In part, this is a conversation about the challenges of syncretism as well as shifting paradigms.
As i read the book I tried to think about how I might use it. As a pastor, it is a helpful reminder of the need to reflect theologically on the practices of ministry, and that there are different ways of doing this. We can learn from all of them. As for students, I think it might be suitable for a seminary class and perhaps an upper division undergraduate class. As for teachers of practical theology, it might be too basic. On the other hand, it might serve as a good refresher/conversation starter. I recently wrote my own book on the theology of ministry. I offered it to practicing clergy as a conversation starter, knowing that much if not most of the material in the book won't be new.
Ultimately, this book is what it advertises itself to be -- an introduction to practical ministry. If that includes you, then you will find it helpful.