Dinosaurs did not become extinct 65 million years ago. They are still around today. No, there is not a herd of Triceratops grazing in a remote Himalayan valley, nor are there Velociraptors hidden away in a top-secret government base. Dinosaurs are probably in your back yard, perching in tree branch. Birds are modern-day dinosaurs.
Such is the claim made by paleontologist, Kenneth Lacovara in his book, Why Dinosaurs Matter. And he is in a position to know. Lacovara is best known for discovering and excavating Dreadnoughtus, one of the largest dinosaur fossils yet found.
Lacovara is a popular TED Talks speaker, and this book is an extension of his video lectures. Like the TED videos, each chapter is short and focused on a single idea.
He defends his startling assertion that bird are dinosaurs by pointing to their anatomy. Birds have the same hip bone structure as all dinosaurs, something that crocodiles do not have . So, although it defies common sense, a penguin is more dinosaur-like than a crocodile.
Another myth that Lacovara explodes is the idea that dinosaurs were stupid, sluggish, brutes whose extinction was due to their inability to adapt to the gradual change in Earth’s climate. The author presents evidence that dinosaurs were, in fact, intelligent. Many were quite speedy and they managed to colonize every continent on Earth.
In the book’s most dramatic chapter, Lacovara argues that the dinosaurs’ undoing was the result of a freak event; a giant meteorite impact off the Yucatan coast. This explosion so radically altered the climate that 75% of all land animal species perished.
But the warm-blooded, feather-insulated bird ancestors hung on after their cold-blooded brethren died off, thus preserving dinosaurs in the form of avians.
The chapter on Lacovara’s discovery of Dreadnoughtus is also fascinating. Located in an isolated valley in Patagonia, the Dreadnoughtus fossils proved to be so gigantic that it took four years to excavate and transport them.
At one point, Lacovara invited an archeologist to visit the excavation site, where she immediately found two prehistoric hand axes. Lacovara, untrained in archeology had walked past the axes hundreds of times without realizing what they were.
Why Dinosaurs Matter concludes on a melancholy note. Lacovara points out that species today are disappearing at a faster rate than they did at the end of the Cretaceous period. This is, of course, because of human activity. Climate change, habitat destruction, pollution and other factors are leading us into another mass extinction event. However, unlike previous extinctions, we humans have the power to halt it.
Why Dinosaurs Matter is a fun, engaging introduction into an always popular subject. This volume would make an excellent addition to middle and high school libraries.