Why do we know very little about the history of Muslims in the Philippines? This question is an urgent appeal for understanding in the face of the seemingly insoluble Mindanao problem. Policymakers and politicians reflect our ignorance about our country’s Muslim history. During election campaigns, candidates aspiring for national positions court voters with promises of economic solutions for Mindanao. Not only are these promises unfulfilled, but they miss the nonmaterial reasons at the root of the continued animosity between Muslims and Christians. The marginalization of Moro identity, in addition, and the disregard for the Moros’ historic agency have since fostered prejudices and biases that alienate Mindanao’s Muslims from the rest of the country.