Oru Desathinete Katha (Paperback) S K Pottekatt- Hindi translation by Prof P Krishnan- novel- Gyanpeeth Award winning novel-Oru The novel depicts about 50 years of the life of Kerala where rural area now called as Calicut is being converted to Urban and how people change their profession from agriculture to labour in factories, jetties, harbours, teaching, driver of vehicles, thus improving their life style. The residents are initially uneducated agriculturists and now because of electricity coming in urban areas, schools, education, accounts, stenography, clerks, courts, legal notice writers, counsels, advocates start flourishing. Status of women changes from house wife, agricultural labour to school going students to small shop keepers, toddie vendors (country liquor), newspaper vendors, hotel waiters, school teacher, astrologer, office clerk, house construction worker and contractor. People go out of the village to seek better future prospects and return to find the changed village. Joint families change to individual families which gather together in time of death of a relative or at the occasion of marriage of family member. Still one thing is common, in order to have a living, an individual has to work hard. Before Part 1 of the Book, opening chapter is titled Reservoir- Shridharan returns to his home town after 35 years. Things have changed in his home town during this long period. First, he notes that a petrol tank has been parked there. Earlier here, a thatched house of Ammukutti was located at this place. A house high boundary wall which is polished white and has red flowers comes in view. Ammukutti’s younger brother comes and gives him a note book in which handwritten poems by Ammukutti are written. Shridharan enquires “where is Ammukutti” She replies “she expired of tuberculosis last week”. Shridharan remembers the incident of his college. He was returning home after attending college. The short cut to his house was via railway line. Rains started. He saw that a girl student carrying books issued from the library was making an effort to save books from getting drenched from the rain. She had a small umbrella. The umbrella flew from her hand because of strong wind. The umbrella fell on the ground and three of the spokes got turned upside down. Shridharan ran in the rain, collected her broken umbrella. He gave his black umbrella to Ammukutti. Ammukutti and informed her that she can return the umbrella tomorrow. He enquired about her name address and class also. Both were impressed with each other. Shridharan took the small yellow umbrella to a umbrella repair shop for repairs. He was informed that he could collect the umbrella the next day. Shridharan went to his house. He knew that if he goes to his house with Ammukutti’s umbrella, his father wil ask unnecessary questions. Next day, they met in the college and he returned her umbrella. He read Ammukutti’s poems and began to think about the previous years of his life. Part 1- Chapter 1- A Registered Letter-C. Krishnan sent a notice by registered post to his elder brother C. Kelukutti informing him that last year he (elder brother) has performed his engagement with a girl but still he had not endeavor to perform the marriage ceremony to bring his wife home. He (younger brother) has no money as the family finance is used by him. He will borrow Rs..50/- from a moneylender for the celebration. If I am unable to return the money and the borrower takes legal action against me, you shall be responsible for the consequences. Krishnan’s father Kunjappu was a peon with customs Department, British India. Kunjappu’s income was his salary. His perks included gifts from ship owners who visited his office and other small tips from visitors. Kunjappu took to drinking and pursued many young, married and old women. One day he was found drunk and dead in the village dry well. Krishnan was a school teacher. He shifted to a separate portion in the family house. Krishnan sent a second notice to his elder brother demanding accounts of family income and payment of his share to him. Krishan’s wife and young daughter expired of illness. He needed a woman to look after the house and his old mother and ailing son, therefore, the notice was sent.
2- New relations- Krishnan taught in a local school for a salary of Rs 15/- per month. He was a qualified stenographer. School where Krishnan taught was is a nearby town. Krishnan purchased a house and found a young widow whom was prepared to marry. He purchased the house at Atranipattam from a Muslim named Moitu Mapila. Krishnan planted small bushes on the boundary of his house. Soon these bushes grew and to protect the house from stray animals. He met his neighbours. He informed them that he has to go to give tuition at Mr, Martins bungalow. Neighbours understood that Krishnan is an English teacher and not a Malyalam teacher.
3- Kunjappu- Krishnan married Kuttimalu and the family shifted to the new house. Neighbours came and met them. His mother and three sons have joined. Eldest son is Kunjappu , second Gopalan and youngest is Raghavan. In Kerala, women wear a small cloth to cover their breast but Krishnan has purchased a blouse for her. One maid servant has come from his father-in-law's house to help her. After 4 months, she is pregnant and is sent to Ilanjipoyil for delivery. His sister Chirutkutti came to look after the family. To earn more money for immediate family expenses, Krishnan took new tuitions of Anglo- Indian Railway families. He returned home by 9.00 PM. Their son Shridharan was born and after gaining health, Kuttimalu returned from Ilanjipoyil.
4- Sepoy- Ammaluamma, grandmother helps in looking after the children. Shridharan is born approximately in the year 1908. When he is 6- year old First World War starts. Raghavan succumbs to illness. C. Melan is now head of the main family. Mrs. Annie Besant visit all houses encouraging people to join the army. Kunjappu went and was recruited for the army. He fought the war in Mesopotamia and returned home. Montaigne- Chelmsford Reforms are announced.
5- Birthday party and war stories- Kunjappu attends the birthday party of Kelancheri chantukutti Melan. Kunjappur keeps his neighbours interest in him by telling them interesting World War one attack stories.
6- At Ilanjipoyil- Appu makes friendship with his younger brother Shridharan though there is an age gap. He informs his brother about war stories of Basra, Arabia.
7- Turk Army- Kunjappu informs stories of First World War to his younger brother Shridharan and his neighbours.
8- Appayam, terrace and fight between women- On the western of Atiranipattam, Muslims families live. There is a masjid and festivals are celebrated. Appayam (chapati of rice) is offered. During the day, Shridharan goes to see the festival. In the night, they go with their father. Shridharan is given 4 annas by his father to put in the donation box. They purchase sweets. Return home and distribute sweets with food and eat. During the day, Shridharan sits near the shrubs in the garden and listens to the fighting between women neighbours. He is interested because none of them is ready to give up.
9- Again at Ilajiapoyil- Shridharan was educated at home by his father. After basic education, he was admitted in Class IV in the town. Krishnan Nair was a loving headmaster. There were total 4 children in his class. Katyayini daughter of Registrar was the only girl. They became friends. During the summer vacation, Shridharan visited his brother Appu at Ilanjiapoyil. He introduced his younger brother to flora, fauna and all-natural vegetation. He is poor. His mother sells goat milk to tea stall to run the family expenses. His sister Narayani is is physically disabled and is unable to walk. She greets him with a smile. He spends his vacation dreaming and learning from nature.
10- Painter Kunjappu- After returning home from the war, Kunjappu had provided a loan of Rs. 5/- to a Christian painter named Steve. Steve did not pay in time therefore, Kunjappu picked up his brushes and paint boxes. He used the paint to paint his house. Just after this, Steve appeared with Rs.5/- and wanted that his paint and brushes should be returned back to him. He returned his empty paint boxes and brush but did not take Rs.5/- from him. Next day, he borrowed Rs.5/- from his step-mother, purchased paint and brushes and became a popular painter in the area. 11- Source of knowledge- Shridharan returned back from Ilanjiyopoyil and saw his newly painted house and other items. He met his parents and family members. After eating rice, he met Andaman Chatappan who will tell stories about islands. Chatappan was a class fellow of Teacher Krishnan. Chatappan informed Shridharan that one afternoon, when he returned home, he found that his wife was sleeping with another man. He immediately killed that person, left his wife with his in-laws and reported to the police. He was awarded life imprisonment at Andaman Jail. Here after 5 years, on the occasion of celebration of British Government, slips with names were taken for freeing the prisoners. Andaman’s came in one slip and he was released after 5 years of jail. Andaman told him stories of jail life in Andamans. After summer vacation, Shridharan goes to the next higher class in school, to find that as Katyayini’s father Sub-Registrar has been transferred to the northern area, she has left school and one new classmate has joined. He met Kelukutti, police officer's son who was his classmate. He said that chameleon meaning katyayini has gone. He called her chameleon because every day in school, she wore a dress of different colour. After school, Shridharan returned home. Kanniparampu came to meet his father. Both discuss Hindi mythological scriptures. Kanniparampu knows that teacher Krishnan performs meditation every day. Next morning, Shridharan went to school. 12- Kittan Munshi- Kittan Munshi informs that Hindu- Muslim riot is on. Tupran is his mukhtar. 13- Asman ka dushman- Enemy from the sky- Shridharan's mother gave him one rupee and asked him to bring 12 chapatis from the shop. Shridharan went and purchased chapatis which were in plantain leaf in a bag. While returning home, Shridharan hanged the bag on his shoulder and tried to read a board painted by Steve. An eagle stooped low, dug her nails on Shridharan’s back, snatched the bag from him and flew away. Shridharan reached home and his mother put ointment on his wound.
14- Aayissha- Carpenter Neelandan promised to provide a wooden slate to Shridharan. He went to remind him. On the way, Aaccha was sitting in a verandah wearing jewels usually worn by Muslim women. 15- Women, gold and police- Kunjikannan Nampier police constable came for enquiry and entered the house of Velu and his wife Aacha. He enquired about the income of Velu and that he had purchased this jewelry from his income. Compounder Shankunni came to help. He asked Velu to bring some money to bribe the police. Velu informed that Aacha had a knife with her and she would attack if anyone touched her. Compounder asked Velu to give him money while he took Aacha’s knife. Constable informed that the killers of Muslim woman have been arrested by police. Constable asked Aacha to provide him with the jewels. She tried to find the knife but she could not find. She shouted. Policeman took all her jewelry and prepared a list of jewelry ( panchnama ) with two witnesses signing on it. Compunder asked the constable to go in a vacant house. Compounder also promised that when police will call, he will bring Aacha and Velu to police station. Constable left followed by the Compounder. In the room, both divided the jewelry and threw the list of jewelry.
16/17- Haddiyon ka Pinjra aur Maulsiri ki mala- Rioting Muslim young men found that police and army with cannons are nearby. They ran away in the nearby forest. Police tried to catch the families who assisted the rioters. For food, the rioters contacted the dwellers near forest. If they did not provide food to them, they were killed. If they provided food, the police and the army would catch them and take away all their goods. Therefore, residents' families moved towards the town as refugees. Muslim families also moved towards nearby towns so that they may be safe from police questioning. Mullahs had educated the rioter Jihadis that British is bent upon breaking Masjids and stop Islam. If they kill a kafir Hindu, God will grant them heaven. They understood that if army catches them, they will not be asked drop their arms and surrender, instead they will be shot dead immediately. Therefore, they were directed to kill as many Hindus as possible before they were shot dead. Government understood that it will be difficult to enter the dense forest with machine guns and army trucks. Therefore, forest attack trained Gorkha army was ordered to take charge. Kanniparampu was provided a contract to serve vegetables and eggs to army. Thus, he heard about the army plan. He visited Krishnan teacher and informed him that along with Gorkhas, Burma Rifle soldiers, soldiers with mules, cannons and heavy army vehicles with arms have reached the forest. After a few days, Kanniparampu informed Krishnan that one early morning, Muslims attacked the Gorkha camp with swords. Army was in two camps opposite each other. Army men from the other camp on the rioters. Rioters were fighting from the front. Thus, all were shot down soon. Bodies of rioters were counted; they were 230 in all. Army threw petrol on them and burnt them. It was informed that the remaining rioters have taken refuge in towns where they can find supporters and can kill Hindus. Teacher Krishnan decided to send his son Shridharan to his in-law's house in Ilajipoyil. About 100 families which were affected by rioters had shifted to this area. Near Shridharan’s house about 20 refugee families were living in the open. Rasakkutti informed Shridharan about their plight. That night, 3 rioters came towards their area and killed as many Hindus and threw their bodies in the nearby well. Rasakutti was badly injured and thrown in the well. In the morning, he crawled out, drank water from the drain and fainted on the ground. Volunteers found him and carried him to the town. In the morning, Shridharan came out to meet his friends and visit the forest. He found Chekku raising a boundary to his field. He narrated the love story of Chandovan and Tirumala. Chandovan was invited from far north to look after the bullocks. Tirumala saw him and fell in love with him. She visited her place at night. Her grandfather saw this incident. He killed Chandovan. Next day Tirumala drowned in the nearby pond. Their bodies are buried in this area. Then, Appu came. He brought a garland of fresh flowers which were prepared by his dear sister Narayani. 18- Monkey and Gurkhas- Shridharan kept the garland gifted by Narayani near him and went to sleep. Novel is a goodread fo