**Warning: this text may contain spoilers** not a summary, Notes for me:
* "Carol Dweck expressed concern that many teachers were misunderstanding growth mindset in a way that over simplified the concept. Teachers, thinking they're practicing growth mindset, were praising student effort that resulted in no achievement (example: "wow! You worked really hard on that test you just failed!"). In these cases, the praise became less about incremental progress and more about a "consolidation prize" as Dweck puts it. She reminds teachers that growth mindset was developed largely as an antidote to the self-esteem movement, and growth mindset praise should specifically focus on what progress came from student effort. If there is no progress, the conversation should be about re-strategizing." page 24
*" only 33% of students strongly agreed with the statement, 'I have a mentor who encourages my development' ". page 15
*" give me a firm place to stand, and I will move the Earth". -Greek mathematician Archimedes " when students feel insecure or as if they don't belong or don't matter, they won't take risks, they won't step out side their comfort zones, and they won't make the kinds of learning achievements of which they are capable." page 25
*" think about who you are more likely to believe: a near stranger who barely knows anything about you except for your last assessment score, or someone who has put in the time and effort to know you, your history, and your interest? Forging deep and meaningful relationships is key to getting students to recognize their own potential.
*" if you repeatedly find yourself at odds with the same student, try and getting curious, not Furious". page 37
* when trying to change a fixed mindset, share stories of how people who have achieved great successes experience struggle in their subject and in life. Study on page 73 shows Improvement by students in that subject after successful people have struggled.
* in the fixed mindset, meeting a roadblock is seen as failure, and failure is the end of effort. In the growth mindset, failure is a detour. Using if-then plans can help create a growth mindset. Page 75
* shame has deep implications for growth mindset. Growth mindset, at its core, is the belief that your traits and qualities can be developed over time. But, as brene brown said, "shame corrodes the very part of us that believes we are capable of change." Page 82
*Studies have shown that teachers set higher expectations for students they believed to be smart, calling them more often in class, and speak to them more often, with more warmth and affection. Page 111.
*The 1970s marshmallow experiment that study delayed gratification was redone in 2012 and showed that student's level of trust and reliability in a given environment make for a substantial difference in outcomes such as delayed gratification. Students were told the scientist was going to go get more art supplies, then came back and said there were no more art supplies. Ditto for stickers, and then marshmallows. students in this group didn't trust scientist and therefore ate their marshmallows sooner than the group who's scientist delivered new art supplies, stickers, and ultimately marshmallows. Trust and reliability is key to building relationships. Page 119
* happier students tend to have better academic outcomes. Page 122
*moonshot thinking page 136
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