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Map Drawn by a Spy

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Found in an envelope in Guillermo Cabrera Infante's house after his death in 2005, Map Drawn by a Spy is the world-renowned writer's autobiographical account of the last four months he spent in his country. In 1965, following his mother's death, Infante returns to Cuba from Brussels, where he is employed as a cultural attaché at the Cuban embassy. When a few days later his permission to return to Europe is revoked, Infante begins a period of suspicion, uncertainty, and disillusion. Unable to leave the country, denied access to party officials, yet still receiving checks for his work in Belgium, Infante discovers the reality of Cuba under Fidel Castro: imprisonment of homosexuals, silencing of writers, the closing of libraries and newspapers, and the consolidation of power. Both lucid and sincere, Map Drawn by a Spy is a moving portrayal of a fractured society and a writer's struggles to come to terms with his national identity.

304 pages, Kindle Edition

First published October 1, 2013

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About the author

Guillermo Cabrera Infante

91 books152 followers
Escritor de origem cubana, Guillermo Cabrera Infante nasceu a 22 de Abril de 1929, em Gibara, Cuba, e faleceu a 22 de Fevereiro de 2005, em Londres, Inglaterra.
Filho de pais directamente ligados à política - fundadores, em Gibera, do Partido Comunista - desde cedo se viu confrontado com um forte ambiente de consciência política. Motivado pela profissão dos pais, Cabrera Infante viu-se forçado a mudar para Havana em 1941.
Em 1959 Cabrera Infante era já bastante conhecido pelas fantásticas críticas de cinema que publicava na revista Carteles e por alguns textos e contos que publicava em revistas como Ciclón. Mas foi, indubitavelmente, em 1964 que ganhou notoriedade ao publicar a sua "obra-prima" Tres Tristes Tigres, publicada depois em Espanha, pela Editora Seix Barral, em 1967 (sendo esta a edição mais conhecida e mais referida).
Cabrera Infante exerceu diversos cargos, dentre os quais se destacam os de Presidente do Conselho Nacional de Cultura, Director de Lunes de la Revolución - suplemento cultural do jornal com o mesmo nome, Director Executivo do Instituto do Filme e Adido Cultural da Embaixada da Bélgica, cargo que exerceu de 1962 a 1965 - data em que abandonou o posto por severas críticas ao regime de Fidel Castro, exilando-se, então, em Inglaterra, país que, a partir daí, adoptou como pátria. Mesmo exilado, Cuba sempre esteve presente na vida de Cabrera Infante: a partir de 1966 (data de exílio em Londres), começou um ataque cerrado ao regime de Fidel Castro; no âmbito da sua produção literária, Havana, cidade de eleição, por ser a capital onde tudo de mais importante se passava, marcou indubitavelmente o mundo anedótico de toda a sua obra. Revelando um espírito extremamente combativo e de feroz consciência crítica, Cabrera Infante jamais desistiu de denunciar as realidades cubanas que pretendia combater. Na maioria das suas produções é fácil reconhecer uma contínua preocupação e um interesse fervoroso por recriar, espelhar a linguagem de Havana: os seus sons, as suas músicas, os barulhos das suas ruas, as conversas do seu povo, sempre num realismo acutilante que revelava ao mundo uma dura realidade que muitos pretendiam esconder. O preço que pagou por tal postura foi ter visto, continuamente, as suas obras serem proibidas em terras cubanas, embora disponíveis em toda a Europa e até mesmo nos Estados Unidos da América - em especial em Miami, onde reside uma vasta colónia de cubanos admiradores deste pensador que, sem medos, denuncia a realidade de Cuba castrista. A comprovar este elevado interesse da obra de Cabreara Infante nestas partes americanas é o facto de ter sido condecorado Doutor Honoris Causa pela Universidade da Flórida (EUA).
Denunciava o regime político da sua primeira pátria mas demonstrava um profundo amor pela terra que o vira nascer: Cuba está marcadamente presente em toda a sua prosa - seja ela em novela, em conto ou em simples ensaios; a paixão desmedida por Havana é facilmente reconhecida na fantástica recriação que faz na linguagem, através de jogos sucessivos que nos levam a "adivinhar" esse objectivo de demonstrar tal sentimento.
O aparecimento em Espanha de Tres Tristes Tigres foi um forte e significativo sinal do que iria ser, e já era, de facto, toda uma linha de produção literária deste autor cubano. A obra referida teve de tal modo impacto no cenário literário, que viu, tempos depois, surgir um convite para adaptação a filme do realizador chileno Patricio Guzman.
Conversação, erotismo, música, humor, cinema, escrita lúdica, fizeram da obra de Cabrera Infante uma autêntica "obra em progresso". Todos os seus títulos, os seus livros, podem e devem ser lidos como um só livro, como uma autêntica ilha, à volta da qual gravitam todos os temas. A essa "ilha" estão ligadas as suas nostalgias, os seus amores, a sua memória, enfim, a sua escrita.
É difícil esta sua tendência para o exílio (em diversos sentidos), para

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Displaying 1 - 20 of 20 reviews
Profile Image for Bhaskar Thakuria.
Author 1 book30 followers
May 12, 2022
I had been into a lot of autobiographical narratives in the past but this had a wonderfully new perspective. It seemed almost like a stylistic rendition of the account of the last four months he stayed in Cuba. The book starts with a petty road accident which turns out to be a call for the author (who was working in the Cuban embassy in Brussels) from his native land on account of his mother's illness. What seemed a critical illness was termed as grave and the writer was transported back to his native land along with his two daughters. But all of a sudden the tables were turned for him as his passport for return was revoked by the government and he was denied any access to political assistance. The emerging writer, who had then just received an award from the legendary Spanish publishing house Seix Barral, then entered an uncertain period from his life while at the same time receiving pay for his work in Europe. What initially was a period of disillusionment and uncertainty for the writer slowly turns out to be a world of excitement and forbidden pleasures for a man entering middle age but with the fire of promiscuity still dormant in his loins. He begins to discover the new realities of Cuba dawning on him as the shadow of Communism looms large with the suppression of free speech alongside the imprisonment of homosexuals (an interesting fact I never knew before!).

While the book lays low the facts of the leftist surge in Cuban politics it is at the same time a riveting testament to the itch of the male flesh. Most of the first half of the book and the middle half of the book involves the writer in his close knit circle (which comprised even homosexuals!) drinking and talking sparse politics, and occasionally involve the writer having sex with any random woman who decides to flirt with him. The writer starts by having sex with a woman from a neighboring apartment and then they call it quits. Later on, after several pages of incessant badinage and riotous misadventures, the writer has occasion to indulge with another loose woman (or a pick-up girl) in one of those characteristic binges that populate this piece of political misadventure. The erotic adventures are, in fact, described in all its flagrant and sizzling details. Indeed there is a lot of sex here and this makes for a racy and riveting read. The third, and more lasting erotic sequence, is with a random pick-up girl which catches the writer's eye. After this the writer indulges in several episodes of lovemaking with this girl and it is all very sexy and titillating to read. The writer, who is an insecure man on the brink of a political storm, indulges to his heart's content in sex and lovemaking but with a gnawing suspicion inside that each one of them is a spy. The writer has probably revealed everything about his erotic experiences during this period. And that was probably the reason it was never published in its entirety in his lifetime. His wife, Miriam Gomez, dreading such revelations opened it several years after and it has only been published recently. And to tell the truth- what a bastard he was!!!

The latter half reveals the surge of political tyranny in Cuba. A fellow writer was incriminated by the writer's circle- a decision that had been already preordained by an overpowering political agenda. And then through some political entanglement his brother in Brussels informs him that he is due for Havana with his artistic impersonations. The call for freedom rang for Infante. But he got its fair warnings...for he knew he had been misinformed. The Cuban government accelerated his departure on learning of this backhanded dealing. And he leaves for Brussels after four months of anticipation leaving in its wake a lover, a nation under the shadow of political tyranny, and his mother who was never to see his son and grand-daughters again.

I knew most Latin American writers were a bit of a bastard. But this guy outdoes every other I know. The randiness in his persona was amazing! His need for sexual frolic was fathomless and this he describes in flagrant detail in this revealing self-portrait. It does not get better. Readers would not be disappointed by the sexual content of this novel.
Profile Image for Adriaan Jansen.
174 reviews25 followers
June 6, 2015
''Mapa dibujado por un espía'' es un borrador autobiográfico de 4 meses en la vida del escritor cubano Guillermo Cabrera Infante (GCI): Los 4 últimos meses que paso en su país natal antes de exiliarse.

En la primera mitad de los años 1960, GCI trabajaba en la embajada cubana en Bélgica. A principios de junio de 1965 recibe una llamada, le avisan que su madre esta enferma. GCI emprende el viaje de regreso a Cuba para visitarla, viaja de Bruselas a Ámsterdam a Praga a Cuba. Su esposa, Miriam Gómez, se queda en Bruselas. Durante la escala en Ámsterdam se entera que su madre ha muerto. Continua a Cuba de todas maneras, y llega a tiempo para asistir al entierro. Luego pasa una semana tranquila en la isla, al final de la cual tiene planeado volver a Bélgica. Quiere llevar sus 2 hijas de un matrimonio anterior consigo, y los 3, acompañados por un gran grupo de amigos, llegan temprano al aeropuerto. Todo parece ir bien, hasta que unos momentos antes de abordar el avión recibe una llamada del ministerio de relaciones exteriores (minrex). Le dicen que no puede salir y que tiene que presentarse al día siguiente en el minrex de para entrevistarse con el ministro Roa.

A partir de este momento, GCI entra en un juego kafkiano. Varias veces va al minrex pero rápidamente se da cuenta que Roa no quiere reunirse con el y que hace todo lo posible para evitarlo. A GCI no le queda otra opción que insistir en visitar el minrex y, generalmente, esperar hasta que se presente algún cambio en su situación. Pasan 4 meses antes de obtener permisos para salir del país, con sus 2 hijas pero ya no con pasaporte diplomático.

Lo mejor del libro son las descripciones de la vida diaria en Cuba y los estragos que ha hecho la revolución de Fidel Castro. La paranoia es generalizada: ¿Habrá micrófonos en la casa? ¿Esa persona desconocida que de repente esta entre el grupo de amigos, será un agente de los servicios secretos? ¿Se puede confiar de los amigos? Todo el ambiente esta podrido, amigos de décadas se convierten en enemigos. No hay libertad de expresión, mas bien, no hay libertad. Hasta la música moderna esta prohibida. Hay que conformarse a todo, por ejemplo, hombres con cabello largo son mal vistos.
Uno de los mejores ejemplos de los horrores del totalitarismo cubano es un juicio en la universidad donde en una asamblea de estudiantes, en una manera completamente arbitraria, son expulsados 2 estudiantes. El único estudiante que no parece querer participar en la rabia de las masas contra esos 2 estudiantes inmediatamente es expulsado también.

GCI no deja de asombrarse como Cuba a cambiado en tan poco tiempo desde el triunfo de la revolución. Hay escasez por todos lados: en casa, solo hay arroz y frijoles, nada mas. Hay pocos coches en las calles, solo coca cola ''blanca'' en los restaurantes, en ningún lugar hay cerveza. El deterioro es físico, tanto en edificios como en personas. No se hace nada de mantenimiento, edificios quedan en ruinas. En una de sus muchas caminatas por la Habana vieja GCI menciona todas las librerías que han desaparecido.

Después de una anécdota de un castigo arbitrario de Fidel, GCI nota que ''la anécdota revelaba el carácter definitivo de caudillo latinoamericano que tenia Fidel Castro, que actuaba como cualquier monarca absoluto'' (pag 222). También GCI revela como falso el mito del bloqueo estadounidense como razón por toda la miseria en Cuba: ''Era evidente que si la excusa del bloqueo explicaba la ausencia de automóviles o de aparatos de radio, no podía explicar la escasez general de alimentos que antes el país no solo producía lo suficiente sino que llegaba a exportarlos'' (pag 159+160).

Con este ambiente sombrío contrasta la vida diaria de GCI durante esos 4 meses de larga espera. Pasa mucho tiempo reuniéndose con amigos y se muestra un mujeriego empedernido. A pesar de su esposa le espera en Bruselas, GCI regala piropos por todos lados, sale con varias chicas y tiene relaciones intimas con varias de ellas. En cierto momento, el libro da la impresión que GCI es bastante machista, un verdadero don Juan, y que ve a las mujeres sobre todo como objetos de sexo. Su hobby preferido, sentarse en su terraza y espiar con binoculares las chicas que pasan en la calle, solo confirma esa imagen. Recién al final del libro, cuando entabla una relación con Silvia, parece por primera vez realmente interesarse en mas que el aspecto físico de una chica.

La honestidad en la descripción de su vida diaria (hongos en su cuerpo después de no bañarse durante 10 días, su manía o mejor dicho paranoia con las llaves de su casa) forman un contraste con y dan mas impacto a sus descripciones de el horror de la dictadura de Castro.

''Mapa dibujado por un espía'' es un borrador: Durante su vida, GCI no llego a publicarlo, y recién ahora, 8 años después de su fallecimiento, sale a venta este relato de sus 4 últimos meses en Cuba. Se nota en algunas partes que efectivamente es todavía solo un borrador. Aun así, es una lastima que no se haya publicado este libro en los años 60 o 70. Seguramente habría ayudado a desmitificar el régimen de Castro.

''Mapa dibujado por en espía'' es un libro interesante y revelador, pero no tan impactante como otro libro acerca de la paranoia en dictadura de Fidel Castro, ''Persona non grata'' de Jorge Edwards. Si hay que leer un libro acerca de como funciona el régimen de Castro, es ese libro, si publicado a principios de los 1970.
Profile Image for Mandy.
3,592 reviews329 followers
October 28, 2017
After his death in 2005, Guillermo Cabrera Infante’s account of the last four months he spent in his native Cuba in 1965 was discovered and is here published in English. He was the cultural attaché in Brussels but returns to Havana when his mother dies, fully expecting to go back to his post within a short time. But then permission to leave is revoked and there follows a long and anxious, rather Kafkaesque wait, to see if he will finally be allowed to leave. These are the early days of Castro’s dictatorship and the details about day-to-day life under the new regime are certainly interesting - the censorship, the lack of food, the rationing, the repression of free-speech and the attacks on homosexuals – but overall it’s a rambling and repetitive account involving a number of people who are unfamiliar to a European readership, and the list of these people which is helpfully included comes at the end of the book when it’s too late to enhance the reading. I really wonder whether this was actually ever intended for publication, at least in its current state. It’s rambling and discursive and consists largely of Infante wandering about Havana meeting friends, drinking and having amorous encounters, which are described in too much detail for comfort. I can’t help wondering what the point of it all was. It definitely would have benefited from an introduction, or at least a foreword, to put it all into context, and it felt to me like some lazy publishing. I found it quite tedious at times, especially in the second half of the book. Not a very good introduction to Infante’s writing, unfortunately.
Profile Image for Taylor Ann Marie.
55 reviews
March 12, 2024
this autobiographical book was an interesting look into post-revolution life in havana.

but omg. the misogyny. it was watching a PORN MOVIE where he meets a beautiful woman and talks about her body and cheats on his wife every thirty pages. while there's sex, it's pretty vague. i wouldn't call this erotica. while the amount of misogyny disturbed me, i thought it was very revealing of the cuban machismo attitudes that ultimately hindered the revolution. which is very ironic because that's what cabrera is condemning here.

a lot of characters, kind of a meandering plot. it took me about a week to finish it. it has references to a lot of real-life cuban intellectuals that's guided me on what to read next, and i liked that the book highlighted the prosecution of homosexuals.
52 reviews1 follower
April 9, 2022
I really liked this for about 100 pages because it displays well the political and social climate of Castro's revolutionary Cuba. There is also a prologue set in the Cuban embassy in Brussels that lays a level of intrigue and menace over the story. But then the narrator-author does nothing but go to restaurants, pick up girls, chat with his family and friends, and meet government officials. The story is episodic and with virtually no variation or development. It was published based on notes left behind by the late author. It could have used a critical editor and someone to give the notes shape and momentum.
Profile Image for Claudio.
189 reviews4 followers
November 14, 2017
As gripping as this book was, I couldn't help but be slightly annoyed by the choice (either translator's or the author's own) to refer to the narrator in the third person exclusively through male pronouns (he, him, his). This tended to cause momentary confusion at certain points in which the narrator was shown speaking with another or even multiple men, interrupting the flow of the text. That particular flaw aside, the book remains a very insightful memoir delving into the stark realities of Cuban life in 1965
Profile Image for J.Istsfor Manity.
404 reviews
January 3, 2025
… the odd incongruity hit him: he was in his own country, but somehow his country was not his country; an imperceptible mutation had changed people and things into their mirror image; everyone and everything was there, but they weren't themselves, Cuba was not Cuba.
— Guillermo Cabrera Infante / Map Drawn by a Spy
Profile Image for Rodri.
6 reviews3 followers
November 21, 2018
Se me hizo bastante aburrido. Pensaba que iba a ser mas emocionante por el tema de la revolución de Cuba, pero me no fue así. Será por que lo lei con 15 años. A lo mejor leyendolo de nuevo me trasmite mas.
Profile Image for Deborah Charnes.
Author 1 book11 followers
August 19, 2024
This is the first Cabrera Infante books that I read. And it will definitely not be the last. This is a fascinating memoir about revolutionaries losing their gusto. And he details the many reasons why.

Profile Image for Charlie.
27 reviews
August 7, 2023
A good portrayal of the struggles during Cuban Revolution and the frustrations brought in each aspect of life. Way too long and repetitive though as I lost interest halfway through
Profile Image for Yvonne.
254 reviews11 followers
April 30, 2023
Admiradora del gran Cabrera Infante, este libro me dejo defraudada. Y sintiendo vergüenza ajena por su esposa, Miriam Gomez.
Profile Image for Clara Raposo.
13 reviews3 followers
August 28, 2017
É um livro que, dado ser longo e lento, acaba por transportar o leitor, efetivamente, para os anos duros do pós-revolução em Cuba. Mas, atenção, "no pasa nada": os acontecimentos são mesmo próximos de zero, pelo que o objetivos é irmos lendo e entrando naquele ritmo algo decadente. Eu li com avanços e recuos e foi um bocado penoso.
Profile Image for Michael H. Miranda.
Author 11 books58 followers
November 9, 2021
Terminada la lectura de Mapa dibujado por un espía, pueden asaltarte muchas preguntas, pero sin duda la primera de ellas será esta: qué se hizo aquella Habana alegre, rumbona, musical, cabaretera y cinéfila que estuvo en el centro de la novelística y el imaginario que creó Cabrera Infante, dónde se metió, o mejor, dónde la metieron, cómo pudo suceder algo así.
Y fíjense que gran parte del rollo de este libro transcurre de puertas para afuera: El Carmelo, las calles y parques del Vedado, los cines -otra vez los cines, siempre los cines-, algunos restaurantes, las casas de los amigos, una funeraria, una casa en la playa... Pero todo despojado ya, ay, del glamour de los cincuenta, de la savia que nutrió una de las narrativas más originales por su lenguaje, -sí, Cabrera Infante era en sí mismo un lenguaje y mucho más que eso-, pero también por sus atmósferas y esos personajes con nombres de ventrílocuos y procederes de muertos vivos que arrastraban con ellos los ecos de una ciudad que se gustaba, se degustaba y se gozaba a sí misma.
Este es un libro para narrar una metamorfosis, la de esa otra Habana trasmutada en la nada que habíamos estado esperando durante mucho tiempo. Quién no se preguntó nunca porqué no llegaban los libros de Cabrera Infante que nos contaran de esa Habana que se iba ahogando. Y bien, aquí está ese libro, al que probablemente le exigiremos más de lo que nos va a dar, aunque lo que da puede ser tan apreciable como la cartografía siempre imaginada, pero nunca asida, de los años vacíos como páginas en blanco en la biografía del autor, los que van del cierre de Lunes de Revolución al regreso de Cabrera Infante a Cuba para asistir al funeral de su madre.
Policial, funérea y de nuevo nocturnal, es en esa Habana donde el humor que tiñó siempre su obra queda ya aparcado. No es tiempo para esas ceremonias. La risa queda en un tajo. Y cuando llegan un par de juegos de palabras, bromas en diálogos truncos con esos esperpentos crepusculares -Franqui, Arcos, Rine, Mora, Piñera, Arrufat, Sarusky...- entendemos que de súbito la gracia ha adquirido otros tintes, los de la imposibilidad, la gelidez, la estolidez: los nuevos colores para un telón.
Profile Image for José Manuel Frías.
Author 42 books15 followers
June 29, 2015
"Mapa dibujado por un espía" nació con vocación de diario secreto. Cabrera Infante lo escribió, lo metió en un sobre y lo dejó olvidado en un cajón, advirtiendo a su esposa que no fuera extraído hasta después de su muerte. Tras su fallecimiento en 2005, Miriam Gómez cumplió su palabra y, sólo entonces, lo puso en manos de los editores.
Es este el texto más personal de Guillermo, una recreación de un incómodo fragmento de su vida. El autor, cubano de nacimiento y originariamente afín a la revolución de los "barbudos", va descubriendo con tristeza la dictadura y el totalitarismo de Fidel Castro, el férreo control que se cierne sobre los habitantes de la isla y la miseria que los envuelve.
En 1965, siendo entonces agregado cultural en la embajada de Cuba en Bruselas, recibe el aviso de la muerte de su madre, lo que le impulsa a regresar a la isla para asistir al entierro. Lo que iba a ser una corta estancia de apenas unos días, se convierte en un infierno de cuatro meses cuando, apenas unos minutos antes del embarque de vuelta, las autoridades castristas le impiden regresar a Europa sin darle una explicación.
Durante ese tiempo, Cabrera Infante pudo contemplar una Cuba fantasma, una sociedad desmoronada, asfixiada por el férreo puño de Castro: hambre, injusticia, cortes de agua, atención médica precaria, monopolio de prensa y televisión, micrófonos ocultos, persecución de homosexuales y encarcelamiento de pacíficos contrarevolucionarios.
Todo ello es narrado sin ningún estilo literario depurado, como sencillas notas de acontecimientos, en "Mapa dibujado por un espía", una fiel imagen de las consecuencias de una, antaño, necesaria revolución y rebeldía contra el gobierno de Batista, que terminó en un yugo sobre el pueblo cubano que continúa en nuestros días.
Profile Image for Ignacio De Leon.
56 reviews6 followers
May 11, 2016
Cabrera Infante describes masterfully his disenchantment with the Cuban Revolution while visiting Cuba after a few years living in Europe. The book is interesting as it describes the moral degeneration suffered by the Cubans living under the Revolution, who tried to survive either by adapting or by seeking ways to escape from totalitarianism. Moreover, it describes very well the progressive disappearance of the most basic material goods, foodstuff, and the decay of the previous prosperous Cuban society. As a Venezuelan I could compare and see the minimal differences of the process described by Cabrera Infante with what I could personally see in my home country, which has undergone an almost identical and fateful experience.

Yet, the book is not structured in a way that is easy to read. The reason is because this is a book that was left unfinished by Cabrera Infante, and that was discovered among his papers after his death. One can indulge the author for this major reason. The book is recommended for those who want to learn more about the Socialist fraud and want to avert it while they can.
Profile Image for Teresa.
849 reviews8 followers
November 5, 2017
I didn't know going in that this was a manuscript Cabrera Infante didn't really intend to publish. It does show in the strange hurry up and wait pacing and the constant name dropping. (I went and talked to _______ for three hours and he was unbearable in a way.) On the other hand, it is a good portrait of Cuba in an inbetween type of period in its history.
Profile Image for Ana Ramos.
127 reviews11 followers
July 24, 2016
Uma crónica sobre a decadência das ilusões sobre a Revolução cubana, em 1965, magistralmente registada por Cabrera Infante. O esplendor das ruínas dos sonhos e das esperanças de uma geração. A ilusão convertida e desejo de fuga.
Profile Image for Jake Bittle.
246 reviews
Read
August 9, 2018
The prologue is more of a 'work of art' than what follows, but the rest is amazing, too, as a testament to the ambiguities and agonies of life in Castro's Cuba. The narrator is a dick, though.
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