Sir Arthur Conan Doyle would rank The Adventure of the Dancing Men as one of his favourite short Sherlock Holmes stories.
On the face of it, the drawings of dancing men may seem to be a childish prank, and that is what Watson assumes they are, but the fact that the figures are frightening a grown woman half to death of course means that there is something more sinister to them.
The case is one where the reader can work alongside Holmes, not just in solving the case, but also in deciphering the message, for the Dancing Men figures are reproduced in most reprints of the story.
Despite having a very high success rate with the most difficult of cases, in The Adventure of the Dancing Men, whilst Holmes does eventually solve the case, his client is not alive to witness the success. In this case the client is killed as Holmes is on the verge of deciphering the messages; this is similar to the case of The Five Orange Pips.
The Adventure of the Dancing Men has been adapted for stage and screen on several occasions. The first famous adaptation starred Peter Cushing as Holmes in the 1960s, but a second adaptation was undertaken by Granada TV when Jeremy Brett starred as Sherlock Holmes.