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246 pages, Kindle Edition
First published January 1, 2002
I recently went of a self-guided cycling tour through Normandy. (It was a tough gig, I know but, somebody must do these things for the local Normandy tourist industry. If anyone is considering such an adventure, I can tell you that we did leave some cidre behind on the shelves, so you won’t die of thirst.) To complement the trip notes, I was looking a book that was a quick read but gave a full overview of the whole Wold War II Normandy campaign. This book met my needs perfectly.
This book has been around for a while, but it was published at the right time. It takes about fifty years for all the necessary secret files on an event to be made public and then another 10 or so years for these to be analysed. It also has some poor reviews, but I think these are misleading. The book is not meant to be a formal history book and is not written by an historian. It is a tightly written, concise book written in an easy to style for the laymen such as myself. These are none of heavy indexing and reference notes that are typical of history book. (These notes are wasted on people with only a passing interest in history like myself.)
Never the less the book is very comprehensive in the material it discussed. There are chapters on strategy that set the context for the invasion. He makes the point about German’s Atlantic wall which is the anthesis of the mobile blitzkrieg tactics Germany mastered earlier in the war:
“Now he build a static line of defence, the very thing that had failed Germany the First World War. Hitler had also forgotten another military lesson as old as war itself: that it military suicide to try and defend a long static line. An attack in massive force at one point on the line will breach it, and once breached, the attackers can pour through the gap if there are no mobile reserves behind. They can then attack the defenders from behind.”
He also makes interesting comments on the leadership style of the opposing forces. The allies delegated control to commanders on spot with the situational awareness to make better decisions. This sometime did not go well middle ranking officers. For example, General Rennie of the 3rd British infantry division which landed on Sword beach was most upset that he was not allowed to go ashore until the Naval Beachmasters in change of the landing had disembarked the fighting troops and equipment necessary to secure the landing. On the other hand, Hitler actively tried to control General Forces in the battle despite being Poland 600 miles away. He points out:
“On D-Day, Eisenhower, the Allied Supreme Commander, gave no order, while Hitler gave two bad ones.”
The book has a separate chapter for the landings and subsequent action on each of the five beaches. It these chapters of the book that are a little deficient in that there are numerous references to places using a random mixture of the English and French names. There are no maps in the book that refer to these localities. You need a good atlas, Google Maps or in my case the trip maps of our cycling tour to extract full value from these chapters. The random way in places names are used in the text without any maps are the reason why I have reduced the rating of this book by one star.
The readability of book is enhanced by interesting anecdotes. For example, the gun emplacements near Longues-sur-Mer which threatened the Gold Beach landings was taken out of action because:
“…the exact co-ordinates of the emplacements had been paced off by the farmer who owned the land and his blind son. He got the figures to Andre Herintz, professor of history at Caen University, who transmitted them to England on a home-made radio.”
There is a good discussion of the challenges that the various commanders faced during the operation. This continues up to the closing of closing of the Falaise pocket three months after the initial landing. Here a pincer movement by the British to the North and Americans to South captured or destroyed most of the German armoured formations in Western Europe. With the this victory the success of the Normandy campaign was assured.
While the book is a quick read, it does contain facts that are not widely known among the historians and guides who you meet in various museums scattered along the Normandy coast if you visit the area. One example is the discussion of the Germans use of a new type of mine, the ‘Oyster’ mine. This could not be swept by mine sweepers and which began sinking large numbers of vessels 10 days after the landing. Fortunately, the area was hit by the most severe gale in 50 years and while this gale destroyed one of the temporary mulberry harbours being used to supply the troops, it also released these mines from their housing and allowed them to be swept. This fortunate occurrence saved a lot of lives.
In summary, this is a great book to read if you want a quick and enjoyable read that on the D-Day invasion. It is particularly handy if you are visiting Normandy and want to place the information obtained from visiting the huge number of museums and war memorials in the region. This book does not claim to be the definitive book that contains detailed information of the Normandy campaign. It you feel the need for more information on any aspect of these battles after reading this book, there are many excellent titles covering these in more detail.