Amazing, informative, engaging, edifying, comprehensive, are just some of the ways I would describe this book. Written with such perspicuity, with the author Peter Fitzsimons’ personal comments throughout, adding to my enjoyment. References to endnotes abound, providing verification on the sources of the content. The maps and photos enhance the reader’s experience. The Dramatis Personae listing the names and brief summaries of all those connected in some way with the Exploration Party was a valuable point of reference. Peter Fitzsimons has accomplished an outstanding literary work; in my view thinking of every inclusion to assist the reader. It is no wonder he is accredited as "Australia’s bestselling non-fiction writer".
“A veil hung over Central Australia that could neither be pierced or raised. Girt round about by deserts, it almost appeared as if Nature had intentionally closed it upon civilized man, that she might have one domain on the earth’s wide field over which the savage might roam in freedom.” – Charles Sturt reflecting on his previous expeditions to the interior in 1844-1846. (Some articles contain terms or views that were acceptable within mainstream Australian culture in the period in which they were written but may no longer be considered appropriate.)
Robert O’Hara Burke, born in Ireland, a soldier and police officer, totally lacking in bush skills, aged 39, appointed leader of the Victorian Exploring Expedition to cross the continent from south to north organized by the Royal Society of Victoria and supported by the government of Victoria. The Burke and Wills expedition (as it became known) was the costliest in the history of Australian exploration, a symbol of the nouveau riche colony that promoted it.
William John Wills, born in Devon, England, a British surveyor and meteorologist, who also trained as a surgeon, was aged 26, when he was appointed second-in-command of the expedition.
Melbourne, 20 August 1860 the Victorian Exploring Expedition finally, and I do mean finally, sets off, its aim is to reach the Gulf of Carpentaria. “Miles of supplies for the miles ahead”. I was totally astounded at the sheer motley of paraphernalia, carried on six wagons, which was intended to accompany the party into unknown terrain through Australia’s interior. The exploration party consisted of 19 men, 23 horses, and 26 camels (which had been recruited from the depths of Northern India and Afghanistan and had endured 10 weeks on the high seas).
The horses were frightened of the camels, having had no introduction to these strange beasts, and found the camel scent foul. Camels have been described as “a horse designed by a committee”, meaning too many were involved in its creation, and behold the outcome.
It was very quickly realised that the wagons and much of the paraphernalia had to be cast off and abandoned early in the expedition. Forging their way through Australia’s hostile interior was an enormous struggle for the men, together with the horses and camels, I found it so sad reading about their plight.
This expedition is as much a tragedy as it has a place in Australia’s exploration history. Imagine, Burke and Wills have reached the Gulf of Carpentaria, “six months of dusty tracks, boggy marshes, towering mountain ranges, debilitating deserts and threatening blacks, withstanding heat, cold, wet, drought, sandstorms, howling winds and humidity” and then to be denied access to the ocean due to the boggy sand ahead of the mangroves, its gravity sucking them down, and no shelter from the vicious summer sun.
These poor men have become skin and bone, their clothes tattered and torn, they are in absolute agony with “the roar of their aching and overworked muscles, the searing pain of the blisters on their feet”.
The sole survivor of the Gulf Party was John King, a man near death himself, his life sustained by an Aboriginal tribe, and eventually discovered by a member of a search party.
The skeletal remains of Burke and Wills were retrieved and returned to Melbourne.
A Royal Commission began 22 February 1861 and makes interesting reading. I felt William Brahe’s anguish at having made the decision to abandon the depot at Cooper’s Creek, to find out that he missed Burke, Wills and King by just 9 hours. William Brahe was exonerated.
Held accountable were:
• Robert O’Hara Burke for errors of judgement, failure to keep a regular journal, failure to give written instructions to his officers who pleaded unsatisfactory and contradictory verbal orders and statements.
• William Wright - reprehensible conduct in the highest degree
• The Exploration Committee, in overlooking the importance of the contents of Mr Burke's dispatch from Torowoto, and in not urging Mr Wright's departure from the Darling, committed errors of a serious nature.
We do indeed owe a great debt to the historians who have kept the story of the Burke and Wills Expedition alive, a long and arduous task. A motto of Peter Fitzsimon’s: “Make the skeletons dance.”
On 13 June 2011 Peter FitzSimons was named a Member of the Order of Australia for service to literature as a biographer, sports journalist and commentator, and to the community through contributions to conservation, disability care, atheism, social welfare and sporting organisations.
A book I would readily read again in the future.