My Ántonia

Great Plains Trilogy #3

by Willa Cather

When high-powered New York attorney Jim Burden recollects his childhood on the Nebraska prairie, Ántonia Shimerda is at the heart of every memory.

Orphaned at age ten, Jim is traveling west to his grandparents’ home in Black Hawk when he first meets Ántonia, the daughter of a Bohemian family who settles on a neighboring farm. Through sunbaked summers and frigid winters, Ántonia bears the hardships of a young immigrant as she longs for a vanishing past. It is a profound nostalgia for a lost time that Jim now also holds dear as he recalls all that he left behind and that which he’ll never lose.

Set against a defining and reflecting midwestern landscape—melancholic, nurturing, and changeable—My Ántonia is a celebration of an enduring friendship and a moving tribute to the courage and resolve of pioneering immigrants.

AmazonClassics brings you timeless works from the masters of storytelling. Ideal for anyone who wants to read a great work for the first time or rediscover an old favorite, these new editions open the door to literature’s most unforgettable characters and beloved worlds.

Revised edition: Previously published as My Ántonia, this edition of My Ántonia (AmazonClassics Edition) includes editorial revisions.

Genres: Classics, Fiction, Historical Fiction, Book Club, Literature, School, American

260 pages, Kindle Edition

First published September 1, 1918

About the author

Wilella Sibert Cather was born in Back Creek Valley (Gore), Virginia, in December 7, 1873.

She grew up in Virginia and Nebraska. She then attended the University of Nebraska, initially planning to become a physician, but after writing an article for the Nebraska State Journal, she became a regular contributor to this journal. Because of this, she changed her major and graduated with a bachelor's degree in English.

After graduation in 1894, she worked in Pittsburgh as writer for various publications and as a school teacher for approximately 13 years, thereafter moving to New York City for the remainder of her life.

Her novels on frontier life brought her to national recognition. In 1923 she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her novel, 'One of Ours' (1922), set during World War I. She travelled widely and often spent summers in New Brunswick, Canada. In later life, she experienced much negative criticism for her conservative politics and became reclusive, burning some of her letters and personal papers, including her last manuscript.

She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1943. In 1944, Cather received the gold medal for fiction from the National Institute of Arts and Letters, an award given once a decade for an author's total accomplishments.

She died of a cerebral haemorrhage at the age of 73 in New York City.

Reviews

[karen · Rating 4 out of 5]

i read this book the same day i found out that sparkling ice had introduced two new flavors, pineapple coconut and lemonade.

what does this have to do with anything, you ask??

well, sparkling ice is sort of a religion with me, and this book was wonderful, so it was kind of a great day, is all. i don't have a lot of those.

why have i never read willa cather before? i'm not sure. i think i just always associated her with old ladies, and i figured i would read her on my deathbed or something. maybe it was the unavoidable cather/catheter association.i don't know. all i know is that a certain little bird here on goodreads was always going "chirp chirp - willa cather!! chirp!! cather!!!"



and when someone dumped a bunch of free books by the curb in front of my house, i decided it was a sign to finally give her a chance. i liked it so much, i will pay for my next book of hers! you're welcome, cather estate!

this isn't a novel as much as a loosely gathered collection of stories in which the characters progress through time, grow up, lose their illusions, and make their way in the world; finding themselves in and defining themselves against the vast nothingness of the american prairie.

jim and antonia are children who arrive in black hawk, nebraska on the same train, and the book is an account of their lives both apart and together,through to their adulthood, framed as a series of recollections by jim, as he remembers antonia to a mutual friend and examines what she symbolized for him.

the descriptions of the landscape are phenomenal. the way the characters try to coax a living from the land and the harshness of nature is inspiring, antonia's irrepressible spirit is triumphant, even though she does come across as a headstrong pain in the ass at times.

i just loved it. it reminded me, probably unjustly, of both huck finn and this whole series of books that i loved loved loved when i was little:



i mean - it's willa cather - everything that needs to be said about her has probably already been said, so all i can contribute is that this book is like the kiwi-strawberry sparkling ice. it is not quite a black raspberry, but it is damn good.

come to my blog!

[chai (thelibrairie on tiktok) ♡ · Rating 5 out of 5]

My Ántonia took hold of me in ways I did not anticipate and could not fully understand. It made me weep, it made me laugh, and it made me care more deeply again about people and things I haven’t thought of in years. I love this story in a way that still nearly overwhelms me with gratitude. To read this book is to fill your whole life with it, if only briefly, if only for the space of a few hundred pages. When I finished it, I felt more alive. That is no small thing.

This is my first novel by Willa Cather, which I happened upon in a dusty pile in a second-hand bookshop in Paris and decided to read on a whim. I was immediately pulled away by the quiet sureness of Cather’s voice and vision, the stunning lightness of her touch, and the beautifully evocative undertow of her language, which rings true, clear, and unsentimental. This marriage, between richness of language and a determined view of facts, created indelible images that burned in my mind’s eye as bright as gold under a lamp. In Cather’s hands, the open and windswept Nebraska plains seemed to me to be a place of more beauty and more tragedy than I could ever have imagined it to be. Cather evokes this landscape so intensely you can taste the earth and drying grass and smell the melted butter and gingerbread. Yet, the fullness of Cather’s achievement emerges most vividly in the voices she gives her characters, and her fierce commitment to render even the most minor of them whole and palpable and glorious.

My Ántonia constellates around encounters rather than plot, capturing the lasting beauty of the quiet, private scenes of intimacy that find people at home or at work, caught in the middle of all the tiny, daily tasks required to build a decent life in an otherwise hostile environment. There is a deep sense, in this novel, of mission and pride in ordinary folks traveling from faraway places and connecting from their various (dis)locations. After all, My Ántonia is, at its heart, an immigrant story about the fraught hyphenated realities of the American milieu, and the doubts and anxieties that emerge when one wrenches one’s self away from all that is familiar and comforting and sane and seeks to recall the lost stability of homeland in the turbulent landscape of the other. It’s a story about the magic trick that is to live through that kind of displacement and estrangement, or rather, to live more thoroughly within it: the joy and beauty enlivened by shared grief and exile.

My Ántonia most resonated with me in this language: the fierce and expanded sense of among-ness, the force of proximity and what it might make possible, the call of the crossings of the diaspora. It filled up the parts of me that longed for and still believed in a world that so earnestly offered love, support, and a place to hold our shared abject terror and sorrow. At the same time, it brought home to me the pain and difficulty of memory, of trying to reproduce stories of the past in the present, to remember the people we failed or who failed us, all the intimacies and contradictions that come with the territory.

The story of Ántonia is delivered to us second-hand, told from the perspective of Jim Burden, whose youth Ántonia marked and left a stamp on this book. Through Jim’s gaze, and then beyond it, Cather illuminates the gulf between our assumptions of how women should be defined in society and the processes by which these women understand themselves and their experiences. The novel is so deliberate in clearing intellectual and affective space for the working women of the prairie, who fight (in ways often unrecognized) to escape the limitations of their social realities and shape their own sense of self. Cather, in fact, insists on it, claiming the female characters’ incessant daily negotiations of the people around them and the spaces they inhabit as definitional for communities. The sheer vitality and energy of this portrayal is what ultimately allows Ántonia to elide Jim’s possessive gaze and undermine the inevitable limits of his interpretation.

As I said—I love this book. Yet, while there is so much more I want to celebrate in this novel, there are moments when celebrations need to give way to critical engagement. That Cather can attend so clearly and thoroughly to the capaciousness of her white characters’ lives and experiences, and yet, in the same book, render the very few Black characters in a language so insultingly insufficient, so totally devoid of imagination, is a contradiction that slashes its way through the pages of My Ántonia. This is so complete a failure that the novel, in these moments, collapses into stilted metaphors of savagery and wildness and racial oversimplifications that add up to characters whose depths are limited to the color of their skin. I’m not interested in redeeming the novel from this failure of language, therefore exonerating myself from having to contend with loving this book. I am much more interested in the limits of a racial imagination that succumbs to anxiety, timidity, and insecurity at the very site with its encounter with the “other.” Reading “classics” often comes, at least in my experience, with this strange, twisted knot of love. I would wish it away, had it not often enlivened and enriched my reading of these texts.

[Samadrita · Rating 5 out of 5]

I would have called 'My Ántonia' an immigrant novel. But then I realized that dubious distinction is reserved only for the creations of writers of colour - Jhumpa Lahiri, Zadie Smith, Xiaolu Guo, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Sunjeev Sahota, Yiyun Li, Lee Chang Rae and so on and so forth. Especially now when the word 'immigrant', hurled at us ad nauseam from the airwaves and the domains of heated social media discussions, invokes images of gaunt, exhausted but solemnly hopeful faces of Syrians knocking on the doors of Europe and America, having voyaged across perilous waters that have already claimed many of their loved ones as price of admission.

Who are immigrants anyway? Those who had the foresight and temerity to circumnavigate the globe and assert their self-declared God-given right to rule over lands inhabited by 'savages' they could easily extirpate/subjugate by dint of military might? Or those who foolishly came afterwards, much much later, balancing their starry-eyed dreams of fulfillment or often mere survival, on the crutch of that primeval instinct that humanity will vanquish the fact of man-made demarcations, only to languish in exile for a lifetime pining away for a lost home they could never regain?
Let's separate the chaff from the grain. 'Immigrants' are always sallow-skinned, tan-complexioned, sun-browned, needy Asians, Africans, Arabs, Latinos glibly umbrella-termed into convenient one-word identities.

And yet narrator Jim's Ántonia epitomizes the immigrant's dream. The dream of making a home out of an alien place, of finding comfort, success, a modicum of acceptance among complete strangers and perhaps, coming to own a sweep of land to settle in and spread one's roots. Yes I know this is a eulogy offered to the prairies edged in gold in the dying light of dusk, an attempt to memorialize a way of life that the ill-informed city-dweller cannot begin to imagine, the author's wistful contemplation of a time and place frozen only in the amber of her memories. Her earnest effort to capture the nuances of the hardscrabble life with the land, teeming with its secret life in visible and hidden corners, as permanent fixture in the farmer's existence. But my reasons for 5-starring this are slightly different.

In that singular light every little tree and shock of wheat, every sunflower stalk and clump of snow on the mountain, drew itself up high and pointed; the very clods and furrows in the fields seemed to stand up sharply. I felt the old pull of the earth, the solemn magic that comes of those fields at nightfall.

As far as central themes go, the American Dream is a bête noire within the repertoire of notable American fiction. An ostensibly noxious concept deserving of indictment by authors who have found it commensurate with an obsession with the unattainable, a doctrine of mindless avarice that leads one down the path of self destruction. But Ántonia's version of the American Dream envisages a life of simple self-sufficiency, despite the hardships it may entail. It is worth protecting, worth immortalizing through the written word. The sky-rocketing desire for riches and social affluence is foreign to her Bohemian (Czech) sensibilities. In a way she is an extension of the Nebraskan wilderness itself - raw, rough and tender at the same time, inexplicably beautiful, cheerily resilient against the vicissitudes of fate and time, indomitable advocate of vitality and growth.

The whole prairie was like the bush that burned with fire and was not consumed. That hour always had the exultation of victory, of triumphant ending, like a hero's death-heroes who died young and gloriously. It was a sudden transfiguration, a lifting-up of day.

For Jim Burden, Ántonia is home, indelibly associated as she is with his boyhood days spent chasing rabbits and prairie dogs. She is a personification of those bygone days sucked into the spiral of time that can never be recovered, but the incontrovertible reality of which will remain etched on to the palate of Jim's consciousness in the brightest of letters till his dying day.

Years afterward, when the open-grazing days were over, and the red grass had been ploughed under and under until it had almost disappeared from the prairie; when all the fields were under fence, and the roads no longer ran about like wild things, but followed the surveyed section-lines, Mr. Shimerda's grave was still there, with a sagging wire fence around it, and an unpainted wooden cross.

Coming to the negatives, the casually racist comments directed at an African-American character ("He was always a negro prodigy who played barbarously and wonderfully.") and the exaltation of Antonia's womanhood could have curtailed my enjoyment somewhat but Cather did everything else so splendidly well that I'm choosing not to nitpick. Besides nowhere else within the wide realm of literature have I encountered such a believable depiction of friendship between a man and woman, each tied to the other through the bonds of shared childhood and a form of affection so wholesome that even a separation of two decades could not mellow it, each reduced to the status of a genderless individual, a blubbering emotional mess in the other's presence. (If I have, I cannot recall any such name at the moment.)

About us it was growing darker and darker, and I had to look hard to see her face, which I meant always to carry with me; the closest, the realest face, under all the shadows of women's faces, at the very bottom of my memory.

Brava, Ms Cather.

[Meredith Holley · Rating 5 out of 5]

Maybe what I love about Willa Cather is all the kinds of love and belonging she writes. Her unhappy marriages and her comfortable ones; her volatile love and her unconsummated longing; and her lone, happy people, are all so different, but so how I see the world. I think the way she writes them is wise. Unreliable narrators are delightful to read because, in the sense that the author has shown me their unreliability, she has also shown me their uniqueness and humanity. I think Jim Burden, the narrator of My Antonia is a beautiful example of this and that most of the passion and mystery in this story comes from Jim’s failings as a human, within the story, and even as a character, from a critical perspective. I will explain.

Cather presents the story My Antonia as a story within a story. The narrative introducing the book comes from a friend of Jim’s, who tells us that Jim has always had a romantic disposition, but that, as of the writing of the book, Jim is in a presumably loveless marriage with an awful woman who is “temperamentally incapable of enthusiasm.” Jim’s mind is consumed with memories of a Bohemian girl Jim and the author of the introduction both knew, and she represents to them both the country and the people of their childhoods. Throughout the book, Antonia Shimerda and her warmth belong to the land and the people who love her, and when someone calls her “my Antonia” it means something about that belonging.

It is impossible to truly identify with Antonia because Cather writes her in this unreliable way, and so, even though she is a painfully real character, she is told with lovely mistakes – the mistakes we make in talking about people we love who we don’t understand, who are not like us. Anyway, I don’t remember making this connection the last time I read this book, but for most of my life, people have referred to me as “my Meredith.” I think maybe it is the alliteration that brings it on, but it has always baffled me. For a long time, I found it horrifying. The phrase had some kind of unsettling expectation to it. Now, though, I feel differently. I feel like it is lovely to belong to the people I care about, and the last time someone said it, it was just comfortable and true. I’m not saying that this makes me similar to Antonia Shimerda, but it made me think about how warm and human it is to belong to people like Antonia did.

So, I’m telling you about how this book is written by a woman, but from the perspective of a boy and then a man. Writing across genders is suspicious to me, and so that unreliability piles on to the already suspect character of Jim. And, I don’t think Cather tells him fairly or realistically as a male character, or that this story is told as a man would tell it. It is told in the way a woman would tell about a man’s love, and I like that. It has the insight of a woman into the motivations of another woman, but it has the gentleness of how a woman sees the emotions of men.

Cather always writes domestic stories, but there is also something epic about the tragedies, betrayals, and glory her characters encounter. I don’t think there is one in O Pioneers, but in most of her books she includes some story within the story (in this case also within the larger story) of a far-off land, and those stories are my favorite part of the adventure of reading Willa Cather. The story of the Russian wolves in My Antonia is my favorite.

I am a very impressionable young thing, and so when someone explains to me why they love something, it often sticks and colors my interpretation of that thing in the future. I am staunchly against the prairies, and the pioneers are usually dullsville. In real life, when I am away from mountains for too long I freak out, and I have an aversion to reading about how to live in a dug out. But Cather’s wonderful descriptions of Nebraska change the whole idea for me. I know it’s just descriptions, but they are so vivid and beautiful. I love the mountains, and I maintain that they are more beautiful than the prairies, but I could never describe the essence of the places I love like Cather does her places. And her places are ick, so that makes her even more wonderful as a writer.

Anyway, I love this book. I listened to it on audio this time, and the audio is really lovely. It is difficult to say whether this is my favorite Cather or O Pioneers is or The Professor’s House is. They are all wonderful. This one has a quality I like of being driven by character, not plot, but that is not always a draw. The people here are wonderful, timeless, and real. The things they say are things people should say, and they belong to each other the way people should. It is often brutal, in the way art should be brutal, with real feeling; but, it is not cruel. It tells how we should see each other and how we should be, but also how we do see each other and how we are. It is a sort of magical world that is also real life, but I think that is how we talk about people we love – suspiciously comfortable; unreliable, but belonging.

[Matt · Rating 5 out of 5]

“I sat down in the middle of the garden, where the snakes could scarcely approach unseen, and leaned m back against a warm yellow pumpkin. There were some ground-cherry bushes growing along the furrows, full of fruit. I turned back the papery triangular sheaths that protected the berries and ate a few. All about me giant grasshoppers, twice as big as any I had ever seen, were doing acrobatic feats among the dried vines. The gophers scurried up and down the ploughed ground. There in the sheltered draw-bottom the wind did not blow very hard, but I could hear it singing its humming tune up on the level, and I could see the tall grasses wave. The earth was warm under me, and warm as I crumbled it through my fingers…I kept as still as I could. Nothing happened. I did not expect anything to happen. I was something that lay under the sun and felt it, like the pumpkins, and I did not want to be anything more. I was entirely happy. Perhaps we feel like that when we die and become part of something entire, whether it is sun and air, or goodness and knowledge. At any rate, that is happiness; to be dissolved into something complete and great. When it comes to one, it comes naturally as sleep…”
- Willa Cather, My Ántonia

For reasons I cannot fully explain – it just sort of happened – I spent the bulk of my life living in Nebraska. Being there, but not being from there, gave me certain insights into what it meant to live in that most middle part of Middle America.

Part of being a Nebraskan is dealing with the condescension of the rest of the country. It’s not just the coasts, though in the years I lived there, I noticed that the New York Times often referred to Nebraska as though it was an intensely backward country, feigning surprise that it should have such exotic attributes of civilization as good restaurants and popular bands. No, it’s everyone. Even Kansas and Iowa looked down on us – I mean them.

As a result of this, Nebraskans tend to be very proud – and defensive – about what they have, whether that is good beef, college football, or the College World Series. That holds true with Willa Cather, who set some of her most famous works in the Cornhusker State (though born in Virginia, she also grew up in Nebraska, and attended the University of Nebraska-Lincoln). From just about the moment I arrived in the state, I was told I had to read her books.

Maybe it was the vague titles, or maybe it was the fact that my to-be-read pile takes up six bookshelves, or maybe it was a bit of anti-Nebraska condescension of my own, but I dragged my heels. Finally, though, I gave in.

Turns out, I probably shouldn’t have waited so long.

My Ántonia is a beautiful, engaging book, a look into the past that is both nostalgic and melancholy. In a way, it is a grownup Little House on the Prairie, with a shared connection to the land, and to the telling details of the lives of pioneers on the plains. Unlike Little House, though, there is more than a hint of repressed sexuality, along with the occasional outburst of violence.

Following a brief introduction by an unnamed narrator, the bulk of My Ántonia is presented as a manuscript – told in the first person – by a successful lawyer named Jim Burden. Jim is looking back at his childhood in Black Hawk, Nebraska, focused especially on a Bohemian girl named Ántonia.

(In this context, Bohemia refers to a part of Europe now occupied by the Czech Republic; it does not refer to a commune-dwelling hippy artist who only eats grass-fed grass and drinks rainwater from storms that occur on Tuesdays).

I found the nested narrative conceit a bit unnecessary. The story works just fine without it being from a “manuscript” written by a person with the literary skills of Willa Cather. Moreover, it’s a bit distracting at times, as Jim talks about things he is unlikely to know.

In any event, Jim’s story is divided into five parts. The first, longest, and best part details the newly-orphaned Jim’s arrival at the Nebraska farm of his grandparents. There, he meets the Shimerda family – including young Ántonia – who are also new to the neighborhood. The Shimerda family is the proverbial fish out of water (or more accurately, the Bohemians in Nebraska). They are inept farmers and are constantly being cheated. While the appropriately-named Burdens give them what assistance they can, Jim and Ántonia become friends. Their time together is not an epic adventure – rattlesnake killing is about as big as it gets – but rather a journey of discovery, of both themselves, and this harsh new world.

My Ántonia is a modestly paced novel, without a clearly-defined, overarching plot. Jim and Ántonia do not, for instance, have to fight off a ruthless cattle baron who is trying to take their lands. Instead of shepherding us from Point A to B, Cather is more concerned about the existence of the characters in this specific place, in this specific time. To that end, the great joy in the early going is the marvelous evocation of the land, and its effect on ten year-old Jim.

Of course, the land is not the only thing affecting young Jim. The other would be the eponymous Ántonia. There is a delicate, dramatic tension in the relationship between the two youngsters. It is clear that Jim loves her. Yet he also demonstrates a strange ambivalence, which opens up a distance between them that ends up haunting Jim forever.

One of the more interesting things about My Ántonia is the elusiveness of Ántonia herself. Cather has chosen to tell Ántonia’s story through the eyes of a man, and in doing so, deprives us of any insight into her inner life, her hopes and dreams, her likes and dislikes. To the extent that we know Ántonia at all, it is through Cather’s physical description of her, from the beauty of her eyes (“like the sun shining on brown pools in the wood”), to the way she looks tending a field, to her moves on the dance floor (which flirt with the scandalous). Everyone who meets Ántonia finds her unforgettable. Unfortunately, we never quite grasp why, since Ántonia – at times – feels more mythological than real. Jim sort of admits this when he says: “It’s through myself that I knew and felt her.”

There are a lot of ways to read My Ántonia, including through the prisms of gender and sexuality. Admittedly, I went down a bit of a rabbit hole after I finished the last pages, perusing an essay or two or three. I’m not sure that deconstructing the novel in this fashion increased my enjoyment or understanding, but it was fascinating nonetheless.

Still, it is not really necessary to comb through the dissertations of aspiring English doctoral students to appreciate what Cather accomplishes with My Ántonia. This is a classic novel of the American West, buoyed by gorgeous prose and a tone that precisely balances the brutal realities of the pioneer experience with a welcome helping of elegiacal romanticism.

[Jim Fonseca · Rating 5 out of 5]

A classic story of immigrants on the Great Plains of Nebraska in the late 1800s. This is the third book in what the publishers call her ‘Great Plains Trilogy’: O Pioneers!, The Song of the Lark and My Antonia. Cather considered My Antonia her ‘masterpiece’ despite the fact that she won a Pulitzer in 1923 for One of Ours, a World War I story.



Immigrants and hardships. The first thing I liked is that these immigrants are not your typical immigrants as they might be portrayed on a Hallmark Channel story: hard-working, self-sacrificing, in love with the new land, etc. Antonia (prn. An-to-NEE-a) is a daughter of a Bohemian immigrant family fresh off the boat. The father is so homesick that he is depressed and suicidal. The older brother who runs the farm is arrogant, and self-serving and drives Antonia dawn-to-dusk in the fields as if she were a man. The mother is whining, conniving and not above begging for food and clothing from neighbors, and then being rather unthankful – almost resentful of their help.

But Antonia tolerates it all and comes to epitomize that American Dream immigrant farm girl. In addition to first-person narratives, much of the story is told by a neighboring farm boy, Jim, who grew up near Antonia. When he leaves the area to go to Harvard Law School, he keeps in touch with Antonia’s doings through acquaintances and infrequent visits, sometimes decades later.

The immigrants the story focuses on are Bohemians (of the present-day Czech Republic), but there are also Swedes, Norwegians, Russians, Austrians and Hungarians.



The stark landscape is like a character in the book, so I shelved it as an 'environmental novel.' I’m reminded of the vast openness of Giants in the Earth. Jim thinks “There seemed to be nothing to see; no fences, no creek or trees; no hills or fields…I had the feeling that the world was left behind, that we had got over the edge of it….If we never arrived anywhere, it did not matter. Between that earth and that sky I felt erased, blotted out.”

There isn’t a lot of plot other than the daily struggle to grow enough food to avoid starvation and to get enough fuel to avoid freezing in winter. Antonia’s family has been ripped off from the outset. In their travel to the new world, in the poor-quality land they are sold, and in the exorbitant price they were charged for what is basically ‘half’ of a sod house built cave-like into a hillside.

A good portion of the book is made up of vignettes of farm neighbors and townspeople. We read the stories of a tramp who kills himself in the fields; two Russian brothers who fled their home country after ‘throwing a bride to the wolves’ [no spoiler – you’ll have to read it!]; an itinerant blind, Black piano player; a sleazy money-lender and his wife. (Another reason you won’t see this story on Hallmark – there are multiple murders and suicides.)

About halfway through the book the action shifts to town. Jim is an orphan who lives with his grandparents and they move to town when they get too old to farm. Antonia eventually comes to town too. A lot of farm girls are more valuable to their families by bringing in money living in town as nannies and maids to better-off families. Some of them get jobs as clerks and as waitresses and maids in the hotel.

There’s a kind of life-long romance between Jim and Antonia, although nothing develops when they are young because Antonia is four years older than Jim. A cover blurb from H. L. Mencken tells us “No romantic novel ever written in America, by man or woman, is one half so beautiful as My Antonia.” Since most of the story is told by Jim, he tells us ‘I’ve been in love with Antonia all my life.’ And yet the novel is not a romance in a traditional sense. I have to put all this in a spoiler. Sure, Jim has a puppy love crush on Antonia in his youth. When Antonia moves into town in her late teen years, Jim hangs out with her and three other good-looking young women, all Antonia’s age – that is, they are all a few years older than he is. They go to dances until his grandfather, a minister, makes him stop. Townspeople think this relationship a bit odd – a young boy hanging with four older young women, not just in the dance hall, but swimming and going on picnics. Despite many opportunities, Jim never makes a move on any of them. We start to wonder about Jim’s sexual orientation. Even years later, he meets with one of the most attractive of the women who is still single, as he is, and she is obviously interested in him. He visits her apartment regularly and he even says he’s in love with her. But he never makes a move and nothing comes of it. Cather, who was very likely gay (she had a female partner for 39 years) may be sending us a coded message through Jim – coded because the book was published in 1918.

I’ll leave the ending of Antonia’s story as a surprise for those who want to read the book.

This book is without doubt an American classic. You could call it a heartwarming story but there’s a lot of tragedy along the way. Much of the writing, I would call lyrical, especially the harsh descriptions of winters and the beautiful depiction of landscapes – akin, I think, to the lush landscape writings of Virginia Woolf and Collette.



The author (1873-1947), wrote a dozen novels, many of which were historical novels not set on the Great Plains. These include one of her best-known works: Death Comes for the Archbishop, set in New Mexico, as well as Shadows on the Rock set in Quebec, and Sapphira and the Slave Girl, set in antebellum Virginia (where Cather was born and lived until age nine).

[Edited 2/10/23]

Top photo of present-day Red Cloud NE where the author lived from visitredcloud.com
Willa Cather’s home in Red Cloud NE from Wikipedia
The author from willacather.org

[Henry Avila · Rating 4 out of 5]

James Quayle Burden loses both his parents at the tender age of ten in Virginia near the Blue Ridge Mountains, sent by relatives to his grandparents (Josiah and Emmaline Burden) by train, in the custody of a trusted employee that worked for his late father teenager Jake Marpole, reaching the farm safely in the still wild prairie state of Nebraska, newly settled by Americans, the Indians have been scattered and are no longer a threat , but the harsh frontier land remains untamed. Colorful Otto Fuchs an immigrant from Austria, former cowboy ( Wild West stories he recites, reluctantly , of his experiences there) and amiable Jake Marpole, who remains to help Jim's old relatives are very capable farm hands, that keep everything running smoothly quite needed by Jim's grandparents, he becomes their good friend ... Many of the these new settlers are from Europe, lured by the American government's promise and the law, that anyone who lives a certain amount of years on a property, it becomes theirs. But many poor Europeans arriving are from the cities, not knowing how to farm unable to build a log cabin, raise crops take care of animals that are essential to survive the unforgiving climate, hot excruciating summers and cold, snowy, freezing winters. The neighbors feels very sorry for these incompetents, get them out of their holes in the ground and make a proper home of wood; log cabins , give them animals which are vital to maintain a successful farm, show how to raise a crop, corn, even their old clothes to wear... A family from Bohemia (Czech Republic) are one of these people, not speaking a word of English the Shimerdas, living in a cave starving, no proper clothes dirt poor city folks the closest to Jim's grandparent's home. He meets pretty, lively, Antonia (Tony) Shimerda four years older, teaches her English at the urging of her unhappy father, the mother is always complaining about her lack of things ( and will never be grateful). They become pals, exploring the nearby untouched lands the endless, constantly moving red grass caused by the gentle winds and blue skies, seeing the fascinating sights , swimming in the local river's pristine water, picnics in the wilderness Jim falls in love with Antonia even trying to kiss her on the lips, she laughs at him treating the young boy like a child, puts her arms around his shoulders. They grow older, climbing a chicken house once to the roof, seeing an exhilarating electric storm in the night sky, lightning flashing close but not scared they're together, become almost adults and remain friends. The aging grandparents move to Black Hawk (Red Cloud) , a small town which Jim likes a short distance from their farm, it is rented to a widow and her brother. Jim can never stop loving My Antonia, her solid character working like a man in the fields to help her large family never quitting, treated badly by her stern brother Ambrosch, but in good humor when she comes home dead tired , soiled ragged clothes, face and body turned brown by the unceasing Sun, an optimist forever as young, clever, Burden leaves for college first in Lincoln the state capital, at the new University of Nebraska and then Harvard , becomes a rich railroad lawyer like Abraham Lincoln. He will come back and visit Antonia... A novel that tells what it was really like to live and struggle in the lonely prairie, during the nineteenth century in the American Midwest, not romantic but plenty of misery and a little happiness....

[Jaline · Rating 5 out of 5]

What a spell Willa Cather weaves in this, the final book of her Great Plains Trilogy, sometimes known as the Prairie Trilogy. This novel, more than any of the two previous novels, reminded me absurdly yet so strongly of Kent Haruf’s novels. Absurdly? Yes – their time frame is separated by a few generations and their locations separated by a few States in-between. Yet, it is the atmosphere created, the way the stories are told simply yet clearly and with great feeling – these are the qualities that make me want to hug these books.

I had tears running down my cheeks a few times in this book. One incident that moved me very strongly was when 20 year old Jim and 24 year old Antonia say goodbye before he heads off East toward his destiny. The way the setting was described and how they shared that moment together - their last time together until twenty years into the future - was so beautifully poignant it just moved my soul.

Once again, Willa Cather’s skill as a writer, her ability to create brilliantly coloured moving pictures with her words, and her keen insight into the hearts and souls of many diverse characters shines in this novel. I cared so much about these people, about the hardships they endured, about the successes they celebrated, and about the losses they mourned.

Willa Cather can move a story forward more during one paragraph than many writers can in a chapter – and she does so with in-depth character insight as well as vivid descriptions and flowing plots. I love this book and recommend it to everyone who enjoys beautiful literature that has no need to draw attention to itself; it just is. And to experience it is sublime.

[Fabian · Rating 4 out of 5]

This Nebraskan prairie civilization is like the dogtown that lives below it. It is a web of families & favors. And that's the way of life. Antonia, the magnetic and emblematic figure in the middle of it all--in this narrative of remembrance, of singular impressions--is a strong rock, a hardworking beacon of goodness in a world that is simultaneously vast & asphyxiating, with its rattlesnakes, sicknesses, suicides and slight silver linings. Also a sight to behold: the kindness of strangers & how falling in love cannot possibly occur in the prairie, that ever-desolate place within our very own American continent.

[Andy Marr · Rating 5 out of 5]

This was a fantastic book with a truly brilliant cast of characters. Cather's writing reads like poetry, and the pacing is just wonderful. I'm really glad I read this!

[Ines · Rating 4 out of 5]

I am absolutely convinced that I have fallen in love with Cather’s writing, she abducts you with the detailed descriptions of the landscapes and with the characters of her stories, creating a real addiction to your soul...
In this work we find the destiny of Bohemian and Scandinavian families struggling with the hard life and survival in the new world, precisely in Nebraska and Kansas.
Cather will make us discover the saga of the Shimeda family, of which Antonia belongs to and the Harling family, through the narration reported by Cather's real friend,Jim Burden.
Jim will be a living witness to the joys, sorrows and hardships of these people’s lives, how they were considered and treated by the inhabitants of Black Hawk, a town close to the farms where these immigrants came to live. Everything revolves around the girls of these families, and through Jim’s life we will be accompanied to discover their destinies. I tell you, Cather writes how very few manage to do, such wealth and ability to get to the exact concept and deep meaning of events as very few authors of her time were able to donate to the readers... this work though, I found her a little pedantic and not very exciting compared to "Death come for the Archbishop".
Instead I was moved to read a whole elegy of full knowledge of classical studies through the university life of Jim, where he will face the study of Homer, Virgil and a thorough of Latin's study. Wow, my hat’s off to Cather and her deep knowledge of the classics!!
I’m so sorry, instead of getting attached to Antonia, my concern was more about figuring out what happened to the narrator, our friend Jim, the one who should had have a hidden figure in the story...



Sono assolutamente convinta di essermi innamorata della scrittura della Cather, ti rapisce e le descrizioni minuziose dei paesaggi e dei personaggi delle sue storie mi/ti creano una vera dipendenza...
In questa opera troviamo la vita di famiglie boeme e scandinave alle prese con la dura vita e la sopravvivenza nel nuovo mondo, precisamente in Nebraska e nel Kansas..
Cather ci farà scoprire la saga della famiglia Shimeda, cui Antonia appartiene e della famiglia Harling, attraverso la narrazione riportata da un suo amico Jim Burden.
Jim sarà quindi testimone vivente delle gioie, dei dolori e difficoltà della vita di queste persone... di come venivano considerati e trattati dagli abitanti di Black Hawk, cittadina vicina alle fattorie dove arrivarono a vivere questi immigrati. Il tutto gira intorno alle ragazze di queste famiglie,e traverso la vita di Jim saremo accompagnati a scoprire i loro destini..
Lo dico, la Cather scrive come pochi riescono a fare, una tale ricchezza e capacità di arrivare all'esatto concetto e significato profondo degli avvenimenti come ben pochi autori del suo periodo sono riusciti a fare... quest' opera però, l' ho trovata un pochino pedante e ben poco appassionante rispetto a "Death come for the Archbishop".
Mi sono invece commossa nel leggere tutta l' elegia di piena conoscenza degli studi classici attraverso la vita universitaria di Jim, dove affronterà lo studio di Omero, Virgilio e un approfondito studio del Latino. Caspita, tanto di cappello alla Cather e della sua profonda conoscenza dei classici!!
Mi spiace un sacco,a invece di affezionarmi ad Antonia, la mia preoccupazione era piu' sul capire cosa capitasse al narratore, il nostro amico Jim, che altro doveva avere che una figura nascosta della storia...

[Jason Koivu · Rating 5 out of 5]

Here lie glorious character sketches. Be sure to pay your respects.

I dragged my feet. I came late to the party. I regret it.

This is one of those books I've known about for ages, but was ignorant and flat out mistaken about its subject matter. A friend in college wrote a poem based off of it and my impression from that experience was that My Antonia was about a man describing a woman for the length of an entire novel. That would be a gross oversimplification of the book. It's so much more than that.

It's one of the stories that America is founded upon: Immigrants who've left their homeland on the promise of a better life in the new world. The "new world" America in this case meant the far midwest, those lonely plains at the foot of the Rockies. The immigrants this time around are Czechs, referred to as Bohemians in the novel. Some of them didn't start out in this country with much and lived a hardscrabble life once they arrived. Ah, what people are willing to endure for the hope of something better.




I cherish books like this and The Jungle or The Grapes of Wrath, where immigrants or earlier Americans gave it their all for the dream and often died trying. Whether it's victory or defeat it doesn't matter, it's the struggle that counts. Fiction this may be, but the story is a real one. My own family came to America from Finland about the same time this book is set. They farmed the land and found hard times, but they survived. Hearing those stories is a true marvel to behold.

Willa Cather tells her own, truly marvelous tales in My Antonia. Her people are born from precision craftsmanship that refrains from the ponderous "grocery list" descriptions of physical traits and habits of characters that other writers indulge in. Instead Cather cuts to the essence of the person with excellent word choice time and again, planting in the reader's mind fruitful, full-color images of exactly who she's talking about.

As alluded to at the start of this review, this novel is all about the character sketches. They move the story, much the same way as Sherwood Anderson's Winesburg, Ohio. However, since the characters come alive and are so very lively, the lack of a hard-driven, singular plot is no hinderance to one's enjoyment of My Antonia.

[Murray · Rating 4 out of 5]

🌞 This is a lifetime story. We begin with them as children and carry on till we are with their children and grandchildren. We watch everyone grow up. To quote a song, “Some will win, some will lose, some are born to sing the blues, the movie never ends, it goes on and on and on …”

I don’t care how old you are, you’re going to feel some melancholy about the years behind you that are unrecoverable, friends and family lost, dreams realized or broken. The novel is a slow moving stream, so slow you might think it isn’t moving at all, but then, like our lives, you turn a page and realize the story is going forward and that part that is behind you is over forever.

Nebraska. Late 19th century and slipping into the 20th. A world gone but fascinating to immerse yourself in. Gorgeous writing. I think McCarthy and McMurtry read her works. She is nowhere near as tragic as they are but sometimes the book seems haunted.

[Dolors · Rating 5 out of 5]

“Some memories are realities, and are better than anything that can ever happen to one again.” (p.259)

More than a Wild West story about the adventurous frontier life in the Nebraska plains, I thought My Ántonia was a novel about red seas of prairie grass and hard blue skies and black ploughs outlined against crimson suns and adults chasing the casted shadows of their pasts. Prior to the comforting embrace of the Nebraskan landscape there was only the most profound homesickness. Homesickness for an abandoned country, for lost parents, for the wistfulness of bygone childhood days, for words never uttered and love never fully declared.
Willa Cather’s evocative voice builds a new home for the reader in this strange yet welcoming land, which turns the mundane into gold, while mourning for the loss of a past that won’t ever come back.
Cather opens the novel meeting her own character Jim Burden and inviting him to recount the story of Ántonia Shimmerda, a young Czech girl who grew up with him, and surprises the reader with an unexpected male voice and an unreliable narrator. Jim, now a middle aged lawyer living in New York, retells their story casting an aura of nostalgia over the late 19thC Nebraska farming frontier, its landscape, colorful people and small towns.

Jim is barely ten years old when he loses his parents and is sent to live with his grandparents in an unfamiliar territory. Ántonia’s longing for her original home in Bohemia is made unbearably real through her awareness of her father’s misery in failing to adjust to a new hard working life in an foreign country, whose people and culture seem alien and rough to the cultivated Mr.Shimmerda. This doubled feeling of homesickness is what so powerfully fastens Jim and Ántonia together and what urges them to turn to the Nebraskan landscape in search of protection, developing an intense attachment to the natural world which captures their changing moods and eases their sense of estrangement, always in tune with the changing of the seasons.

When the Burdens move to the small town of Black Hawk and Ántonia is recruited as a “hired girl” at the Harlings, a household with good reputation in town, Jim realizes that along with the missing plains, his closeness to Ántonia also starts to dissolve. Cather’s nuanced stories and picturesque tales disguise the impending collision between the hard reality of young immigrant women at the time, who were treated as outcasts in a rigid social caste system and not only exploited but also sexually abused by their masters, and the wide range of opportunities for young men like Jim, whose main aspiration is to attend college. Life and years intervene and Jim and Ántonia’s paths diverge but their spiritual bond remains locked in the lengthening shadows of a common past embedded in the fleecy grass dancing with the gentle morning breeze that caresses the wine-stained prairies.

Cather’s writing style taught me a valuable lesson. Genuineness and diction thrive in simplicity. Never had my heartstrings been pulled this intensely until I heard Blind d’Arnault’s melancholic negro voice and his virtuous fingers running up and down the keys of his piano while rocking back and forth to the rhythm of his improvized bluesy spirit. Never had I felt the stillness of a slanting sun sinking behind the fields playing with magnified shadows as I did when I was sitting with Jim and Ántonia in perfect communion with the countryside. Never had I understood the true meaning of the kinship between hard work and fertility until I met its embodiment in a woman browned by the sun, with calloused hands and flat chest, an Earth Goddess who made a home out of a dusty land and a sheltering sky.
My Ántonia made also a home for me in the Nebraska plains of the late 1800s and then made me grieve for its loss. I might never see those plains but at least I can walk down the path of Jim’s memories of red blades of grass and his Ántonia’s electric blue sky, where their souls remain eternally married in a past that becomes the prevailing reality and their one and only Destiny, and feel that I am home.

[Rowena · Rating 5 out of 5]

"There seemed to be nothing to see; no fences, no creeks or trees, no hills or fields. If there was a road, I could not make it out in the faint starlight. There was nothing but land: not a country at all, but the material out of which countries are made."- Willa Cather, My Ántonia

For someone who grew up watching "Little House on the Prairie", this was an interesting and nostalgic look at my childhood fancies and romanticized images of frontier life. Making a new life, taming the land, and creating something out of very little all sounded so romantic and magical to me at the time but there was so much that I hadn't considered, couldn't have known, with my limited worldly experience. I guess that's one of the many reasons that literature is so powerful: giving a voice to experiences.

This is a story of the early settlers in Nebraska; a story of hardships, successes, community, change... The story is narrated by an orphaned boy who goes to live with his grandparents after his parents pass away. The narration was very detailed and observant.

The story focuses quite a bit on Ántonia Shimerda, and her Bohemian family.I thought the character of Ántonia was exceptionally well-written; I think she's one of those unforgettable literary characters, and that's definitely due to Cather's amazing writing and depiction of her. Cather manages to show the language development Ántonia goes through,and also the development of her character from being an ordinary little girl playing with her sister and friends, to working "like a mans" in order to support her family:

"The older girls, who helped to break up the wild sod, learned so much from life, from poverty, from their mothers and grandmothers; they had all, like Antonia, been early awakened and made observant by coming at a tender age from an old country to a new."

Having moved around a bit I really enjoyed the descriptions of the landscapes because at least to me, apart from food, that's what I miss the most about leaving a place: the familiarity in scenery, flora, and fauna. The small differences in landscape are an unavoidable sign that you are in a new place:

"There was none of the signs of spring for which I used to watch in Virginia, no budding woods or blooming gardens. There was only--spring itself; the throb of it, the light restlessness, the vital essence of it everywhere: in the sky, in the swift clouds, in the pale sunshine, and in the warm, high wind---rising suddenly, sinking suddenly, impulsive and playful like a big puppy that pawed you and then lay down to be petted."

There was interesting discussion about the European immigrants to the USA. What shouldn't have surprised me but did anyway, was the fact that even among the European immigrants there was plenty of discrimination and also an unofficial hierarchy. What was universal though was the sense of loss from all the characters who had migrated to that area, despite their origins and loss.

I'm fully convinced of Cather's writing style. Cather brought the frontier to life for me, the Bohemians, Ántonia, everyone and everything. I loved that she brought to the fore the stories of the people of the New World, especially the women.

[Glenn Sumi · Rating 5 out of 5]

My rating for My Ántonia? 5 stars shining brightly in the cloudless Nebraska sky, so vividly and lovingly evoked by Willa Cather in this elegiac novel about farmers and immigrant settlers making lives for themselves in the harsh, beautiful, bountiful prairies.

(Sorry about that graceless run-on incomplete sentence. Cather, with her clear, descriptive, unpretentious prose, would never commit such a sin.)

Some people and places are forever etched in our memories. Can you recall the landscapes of your childhood? The fields or sidewalks where you'd play? Do you have friends who – even if you see them decades later – you still remember as young? Have you ever seen a sparkle in a child’s eye that reminds you of his or her parent?

Cather makes you think of all that. And much more.

On the surface, it’s the tale of Jim Burden’s friendship/quasi-obsession with Ántonia (pronounced Anton-ee-ah) Schimerda, the oldest child of a Bohemian (Czech) immigrant family that moves to a neighbouring farm that’s really a hole in the ground.

Through Jim’s eyes, in a series of episodes, we follow Ántonia, from scrappy farm helper to hard-working “hired girl” in town (there was a tradition for immigrant girls to work in town to send money to their families) to restless charismatic young woman with a talent for dance to… well, I don’t want to spoil the plot, such as it is.

The book provides a fascinating look at various European immigrant communities in that era. Sometimes a scene will consist of a character simply telling a story to entertain others (remember, this was a time before TV and radio). Cather, a lesbian who never married, also offers up a glimpse into the lives of strong, determined women in a hardscrabble world dominated by men.

A gentle, nostalgic feeling suffuses the book, and it’s full of love and affection for the industry and ethos of a bygone era. It’s not all pleasant, however. There’s suicide, cheating, death by wild animals, attempted rape, and lots and lots of mournful longing – as symbolized by the lonesome chugging of a train.

Here's a passage, from early on in the book:

I wanted to walk straight on through the red grass and over the edge of the world, which could not be very far away. The light air about me told me that the world ended here: only the ground and sun and sky were left, and if one went a little farther there would be only sun and sky, and one would float off into them, like the tawny hawks which sailed over our heads making slow shadows on the grass.

Simple, unfussy, evocative. I’ve never been to Nebraska. But Cather’s powers of description are so strong, I now feel like I have. And I look forward to a repeat visit in her other prairie books, O Pioneers! and The Song Of The Lark.

[Michelle · Rating 5 out of 5]

“I’d like to have you for a sweetheart, or a wife, or my mother or my sister-anything that a woman can be to a man. The idea of you is a part of my mind. You influence my likes and dislikes, all my tastes, hundreds of times when I don’t realize it. You really are a part of me.”

Oh, Jim! She really did a number on you! I guess it couldn’t be helped, because after knowing Antonia Shimerda, I can’t help being enamored with her myself. It is not even easy to say things so illuminating about a human being but somehow, seeing Antonia from the eyes of Jim Burden, I totally understand where he’s coming from. Antonia exudes strength, spirit and determination, and all the while remains gentle, trusting, and kind. What Jim feels for her goes beyond romantic love, though. She is the embodiment of the things he loves most: home, his childhood, and his aspirations. The way I see it, she is what makes him a better man.
Nevertheless, “My Antonia” is not a love story, it hardly focuses on that aspect at all. With Antonia’s story, we get a glimpse on the lives and concerns of early settlers, which includes European immigrants, of the American West. It shows us what these people have to contend with, and struggle for, that goes to the very heart of their lives.

Now most of the pioneer stories I have come across depict rugged and determined male characters out to tame the wilderness with know-how and grit, while their female halves are relegated to supporting or (I dare say) insignificant roles. “My Antonia” breaks from that convention and instead, focused more on the struggles of the women. It’s an invaluable reminder that life was hard for everyone on the frontier, and that the women who made a go of it were every bit as tough-minded and independent as the men were. Antonia faces hardships of scratching out a living on the prairie, while having to do so as a woman, and while dealing with the challenges of being an immigrant as well.

As with the writing, Willa Cather masterfully tells a poignant and beautiful story that is striking in its simplicity. She makes you realize anew how much art is suggestion and not transcription, and her brevity is refreshing. I know of no novel that makes the remote folk of the Western prairies more real than “My Antonia” makes them, and I know of none that makes them seem better worth knowing. Beneath the layers of Mid-Western culture, she reveals human beings embattled against fate and circumstance -- and into her picture of their dull struggles, I was able to appreciate their heroism, and find their tribulations genuinely moving.

[Celeste Corrêa · Rating 5 out of 5]

[editado 23.Maio.2024]

«Acho que toda a gente pensa nos velhos tempos, até mesmo as pessoas mais felizes.»



Uma imensa ternura humedece-me os olhos lendo esta memória de afectos antigos e verdadeiros ambientada no Nebraska, essa região grandiosa e rude, verões sufocantes, primaveras ventosas, invernos gélidos: descrições de paisagens físicas, climáticas e humanas de uma beleza ímpar.

Ántonia, uma emigrante da Boémia, é um símbolo do apego a uma região, ao trabalho, ao novo país e aos costumes da sua terra natal.
Muito interessante também a luta das pessoas oriundas da Europa que foram para a América em busca de uma nova vida.

Quase quatro décadas de memória pela voz do narrador Jim Burden, que conclui que, não obstante o que perderam, ambos possuem um passado precioso, ela será sempre a sua Ántonia.
E o título «Minha Ántonia» tem a força da pertença: fica-lhe bem o pronome possessivo.


Da autora, já tinha lido «O Meu Inimigo Mortal»

[Diane Barnes · Rating 5 out of 5]

I can't even express how much I love this book. A re-read for me after many years, it made me feel the same way now as it did then. I had such a peaceful feeling of comfort and belonging while reading, as though I knew these people and this land. Willa Cather is an artist when she writes about the Midwest, her words come straight from her soul. A top five favorite novel for me.

[Ted · Rating 5 out of 5]

… more than anything else I felt motion in the landscape; in the fresh, easy-blowing morning wind, and in the earth itself, as if the shaggy grass were a sort of loose hide, and underneath it herds of wild buffalo were galloping, galloping …




High Plains mixed-grass prairie during springtime. Near Harrison, Nebraska.
From Flickr, by https://www.flickr.com/photos/terrano...


Willa Cather

Willa Cather – born 1873 near Winchester Virginia. Her family moved to Nebraska in 1883 when she was nine, joining her father’s parents out there. After trying farming for eighteen months, they moved into the town of Red Cloud where her dad developed real estate and insurance businesses, and Willa went to school for the first time. “Cather's time in the western state, still on the frontier, was a deeply formative experience for her. She was intensely moved by the dramatic environment and weather, the vastness of the Nebraska prairie, and the various cultures of the families in the area.” (See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willa_Ca... for more details on Cather’s early life.)




Will Cather, ca. 1912

Prior to 1918, when My Antonia appeared, Cather, then in her mid-40s, had published six books:
- April Twilights (1903, poetry collection)
- The Troll Garden (1905, short stories)
- the study (co-authored with Georgine Milmine) The Life of Mary Baker G. Eddy and the History of Christian Science (1909)
and the novels
- Alexander's Bridge (1912)
- O Pioneers! (1913)
- The Song of the Lark (1915)

My Antonia and the previous two novels are known as Cather’s “prairie trilogy”. These novels, which became both popular and critical successes, are set in a time and locale which Cather knew from her own experience and memories, and established her reputation as a significant American writer.

Cather won the Pulitzer Prize in 1923 for her next novel, One of Ours, published in 1922. Throughout the 1920s she was praised by other writers such as H. L. Mencken and Sinclair Lewis.

She continued to publish novels and other fiction into the 1940s. Willa Cather died in 1947.


My Antonia

My Antonia is narrated in the first person, by a character named Jim Burden. Cather employs a rather modernist, to me, conceit by introducing the book, in her own voice, as a manuscript produced by an “old friend” of hers, who had grown up with her in the same small town in Nebraska. Having met “last summer” on a train crossing Iowa, they talked for many hours, and their conversation “kept returning to a central figure, a Bohemian girl whom we had both known long ago.”

More than any other person we remembered, this girl seemed to mean to us the country, the conditions, the whole adventure of our childhood. I had lost sight of her altogether, but Jim had found her again after long years, and had renewed a friendship that meant a great deal to him. His mind was full of her that day. He made me see her again, feel her presence, revived all my old affection for her.

Jim had been writing down memories of her, and several months afterwards shows up at Cather’s Manhattan apartment with the manuscript. Which is ostensibly the novel we are about to read.

The manuscript, on which he scrawls “My Antonia” as he hands it to Cather, is “Jim Burden’s” memoir of the years he spent in this small Nebraska town prior to leaving it for the east around the age of twenty, including his memories of an immigrant girl just older than he, who arrived with her Bohemian family on the same train as he did – Antonia Shimerda. It is, as well, memories of the pioneer farmers who first came to Nebraska (some “American Europeans”, others recent immigrants like the Shimerdas); of the immense treeless prairie and climate they found, of the small town around which these farms ranged, of the ways of life on the farms and in the town.

Willa Cather and her narrator Jim Burden, the character introduced as the writer by the real writer, have a lot in common. Both were born in Virginia, Cather in 1873. Both moved to Nebraska around the age of ten (Cather in 1883), and in both cases the move was directed towards (or to, in Jim’s case) a grandparent. Both lived on a farm for the early part of their Nebraska years, then both moved into a small nearby town (Black Hawk in the novel, Red Cloud in Cather’s case) around the time they were ready to start high school.

These similarities cause me to conclude that, if one wants Jim Burden’s year of birth, one may as well assume it’s the same as Willa Cather’s, 1873. I further believe that Jim Burden may as well be Will Cather herself. Not, of course, that the details of Jim’s life correspond to details of Cather’s life. Rather that the things that deeply affect Jim Burden are the same things that deeply affected Cather, as she grew up in a small town just like Black Hawk, knowing and knowing of the immigrant families that had come to America and thence to Nebraska to farm the prairie.


Cather’s book is filled with achingly beautiful passages about all of these things. I could quote them until I ran out of review room here, but after trying to write this review for hours and thousands of words I realize I can’t say everything I want about the novel, and in trying to say everything I say little or nothing.

And in searching for a single passage to quote, I realize that what I think beautiful will only be so because of my own personal memories of related things, and will strike others as “nice” or “banal” or whatever. So I give up on that.

So I’ll simply assure you, reader, that your own memories and experiences will find their counterparts in Cather’s / Burden’s memories – if you have memories of a prairie, or of seasons, or of such things as your wonder at discovering the love of learning at university, or of seeing or discovering a work of art (a painting, a symphony, an opera) at that exact moment in your life when you were simply overwhelmed by it; or memories of feelings you had when you were young, of another young person; or memories of the admiration you felt for perhaps a grandparent - or perhaps a pioneer girl, a bit older than you, who showed a fire for life totally different from all the others you knew.

To summarize: Jim Burden’s fictional memories are, I believe, Willa Cather’s real memories – and again, not the details, but the general colors and outline of the painting which is suggested by the novel, a painting which might as well be this.




If you think this beautiful, you will probably think My Antonia beautiful too.

[Madeline · Rating 3 out of 5]

Like The Great Gatsby, I somehow avoided having to read this in high school, although I remember a lot of my friends reading Cather's book for Honors English while I was suffering through Summer of My German Soldier in regular people English. (Turns out, even if you're a voracious teenage reader, they still don't let you take honors classes if you spend your entire high school career constantly being one bad quiz away from straight-up flunking whatever math class you're in at the time) I don't remember my friends having much to say about My Antonia specifically, but I remember that they...didn't love it.

Which isn't surprising, honestly. Cather's book is, based just on the plot description, a deeply dull story with barely any actual plot: Jim Burton looks back on his childhood in frontier America, and specifically his lifelong friendship with a Czech immigrant named Antonia. There are little bits of drama here and there, like when two Russian immigrants share the truly horrifying reason they had to leave their home country, and Antonia lives a life of quiet, constant struggle and suffering that Jim either doesn't feel the need to point out, or just doesn't notice.

It's the writing that saves the book, and is the reason this is considered such a classic. Cather's prose gives us perfect descriptions of the prairie setting, and she's able to expertly use just a handful of well-chosen words to fully illustrate her characters. Antonia will stay with you long after you finish the book.

So it's a real shame that the subject of the book doesn't get to tell her own story in her own words. I'm sure there's a very good reason that Cather makes Jim her narrator, and has him show the reader Antonia through his eyes (did Cather suspect that it would be hard for a woman to sell a book where a woman tells us about her own life? Ugh, probably), but this also means that Antonia can only ever exist to us as Jim saw her.

At least Jim's not a bad narrator, overall. For the majority of the book I was enjoying myself, if only for the nice Little House on the Prairie nostalgia, but the story starts to nosedive around the time that Jim becomes an adolescent. Suddenly his complete inability to notice the abuse that Antonia suffers is more of a problem, as he's now old enough to be aware of these things. (Haha Jim, remember that time you found out that Antonia's employer had been planning to sneak into her room and rape her? Probably not, because no one ever talked about it after that scene) Jim starts behaving like a self-centered little shit - ie, a teenager - and it's not fun to watch Antonia's life through his eyes anymore. There's a lot of talk about the dances that are happening in town, and Jim starts going around with girls while internally griping about Antonia hanging out with the wrong boy.

The worst part comes towards the end, when Jim has been away at college (and fucking around with Lena Lingard, who is both awesome and way too good for Jim), and then comes home and tells Antonia that he loves her.

And then he leaves again, and doesn't come back for twenty years. Our hero really goes the extra mile to explain this to his readers, using a whopping two words to justify why he confessed his feelings to this poor girl and then didn't see her for two decades: "Life intervened."

It is at this point that My Antonia turns into Lamentations of a Fuckboy by Jim Burton. He eventually learns that while he was away, Antonia got engaged to some dude who then abandoned her, leaving her pregnant and unmarried. Jim is "disappointed" in Antonia. Because Jim sucks.

But she gets her life together, because Antonia is awesome, and when Jim finally comes back for a visit (he puts it off for a long time, because "I did not want to find her aged and broken"), she has a loving husband, a successful farm, and a ton of kids who adore her. All we know about adult Jim is that he's married, and the original narrator of the book doesn't like his wife.

I really wish I'd gotten to read this book from Antonia's point of view. This is the story of a woman who immigrated to the United States as a child, speaking barely any English, and had to figure out how to survive with her family on the unforgiving frontier. Her father killed himself when she was young (or was maybe murdered? There's a little bit of suspicion surrounded the neighbor, and then it's dropped entirely), and she suffers abuse at the hands of her brother, her employer, and then her fiance. She has a child out of wedlock, but never tries to hide it, and bravely continues to live in her hometown with her child, ignoring the judgement and the rumors. Eventually she meets and marries a good man, who doesn't care that she already has a child, and she finally gets her farm and her family, and her happy ending. I wanted Antonia to tell me her story, not have it filtered through the perspective of her friend.

And frankly, y'all, it pisses me off that this is called My Antonia. It reminds me, of all things, of an exchange from one of the Bond movies. Bond is bantering with Moneypenny and says, "Ah, Moneypenny, what would I do without you?" To which she replies, "Oh James. You've never had me."

Honestly. It's like if Drake wrote a song called "My Rihanna."

(no I will not apologize for that metaphor. Suck it, Honors English!)

[Hugh · Rating 5 out of 5]

It is a daunting task to find anything fresh to say about a book that is justifiably regarded as a classic, so I will keep this one fairly short.

Willa Cather moved with her family from New England to rural Nebraska as a child, at a time when new farmland there was still being pioneered, so this tale of the state's development and specifically the experiences of the first generation immigrant farming families from Eastern Europe and Scandinavia that settled it, is inevitably coloured by her own experiences. She distances herself cleverly by making her narrator Jim Burden a man of her own age who for quite a large part of the book retains some distance from its heroine Ántonia, but who was also her childhood friend and neighbour.

The story is beautifully paced and contains nothing superfluous. Cather's Nebraska is vividly realised and her attitudes to her characters and particularly those who fall foul of conventional moral judgments seem very modern for a book first published in 1918. For the most part she avoids sentimentality too, except perhaps a little in the final chapter, which seems forgiveable. It was also interesting to read a story that is so positive about immigration at a time when there is so much paranoia about it in popular political culture.

[Paula Mota · Rating 5 out of 5]

4,5*
“Minha Ántonia” segue a mesma fórmula das novelas que já li de Willa Cather: um(a) narrador(a) inicialmente jovem que conta uma história centrada numa mulher, que progride em vários saltos temporais. Este livro, porém, é mais épico, com uma camada histórica, a dos pioneiros que povoaram o Nebraska, e com uma camada social, com os mais recentes imigrantes da Europa do Leste e da Escandinávia a integrarem-se e a serem olhados de lado pelos que chegaram primeiro e se consideram os americanos.

People who don’t like this country ought to stay at home,” I said severely. “We don’t make them come here.

A escrita é quase opulenta nas descrições da passagem das estações, e as personagens, sobretudo as femininas, são excepcionais na sua variedade e vivacidade. São elas que mais me cativam em todas as obras de Cather, pela sua força, determinação e alergia às convenções. Ainda assim, aqui, porque várias raparigas trabalhavam nos campos e se comenta o seu comportamento mais masculino e outras tinham de ir trabalhar para fora como criadas de servir para ajudar no sustento das suas famílias, essa subversão dos estereótipos de género e da moralidade vigente é muito vincada e constantemente debatida. Apesar das inúmeras qualidades deste livro, o seu carácter mais juvenil e episódico não me permitiu a mesma envolvência que, por exemplo, “O Meu Inimigo Mortal”.

There was a basic harmony between Ántonia and her mistress. They had strong, independent natures, both of them. They knew what they liked, and were not always trying to imitate other people. They loved children and animals and music, and rough play and digging in the earth. They liked to prepare rich, hearty food and to see people eat it; to make up soft white beds and to see youngsters asleep in them. They ridiculed conceited people and were quick to help unfortunate ones. Deep down in each of them there was a kind of hearty joviality, a relish of life, not over-delicate, but very invigorating.

[Zoeytron · Rating 4 out of 5]

Black Hawk, Nebraska.  Late 1880's or so, when the West was still wild.  This particular area is amply populated with immigrants from Bohemia, Norway, and Sweden, most of them living in sod houses.  All with their own prejudices, but most finding common ground with each other at some point.  The threat of rattlesnakes, coyotes, and Mother Nature's atrocities does not differentiate between them, all are fair game.  

Back in the early 80's, my husband and I bought a selection of 100 classics from The Franklin Library.  A copy would be sent to us every month or so, costing a modest $25 or so dollars (as best as we can remember).  They were all leather bound with thick gilt-edged vellum pages, a pleasure to hold in your hands.  My Antonia was included in this bounty, and now, some 40 years later, I have finally read it.

[Himanshu · Rating 5 out of 5]

An'-ton-ee-ah

That's how her name is pronounced, and not like An'-tow-niya which is how I always thought it was. I found this clarification, at the very start of the book, remarkable(for me) because it changed the way I read about her, till the very last page. At every mention of her name, my mind tried to pronounce it the Bohemian way, thus, never letting me forget the eccentricity and congeniality of this unforgettable character.

I have somehow spent almost a month reading this little book and in that course a lot of people around me asked what sort of a book this was? What's it about? And, I never had the same answer for any two of them. Sometimes, it was about the Bohemian migrant family; Sometimes about the flat, windy, golden, snow-clad, rather indelible prairie; Sometimes about the narrator Jim Burden; Sometimes about me; Sometimes about nostalgia; Sometimes about romanticism; And sometimes about struggles that one goes through and what they come out of them to become.

A young ten year old Jim, after losing his parents in Virginia, comes to stay with his grandparents in a country farm in Nebraska. He sees the landscape and is taken so deeply by it that it no longer is just the backdrop of his new life, but the very foundation of it. His undirected strolls in the prairie made him feel at home and at peace.

The light air about me told me that the world ended here: only the ground and sun and sky were left, and if one went a little farther, there would be only sun and sky, and one would float off into them, like the tawny hawks which sailed over our heads making slow shadows on the grass.

I recently made a short trip to a place long from home, but with a prodigious landscape that I felt spoke to me directly and was like a new-found friend. I found this very strange and I wondered how could I feel such a strong connection with a boundless space? Then I met Jim sitting idly against a haystack on a field wondering:

I was something that lay under the sun and felt it, like the pumpkins, and I did not want to be anything more. I was entirely happy. Perhaps we feel like that when we die and become a part of something entire, whether it is sun and air, or goodness and knowledge. At any rate, that is happiness; to be dissolved into something complete and great. When it comes to one, it comes as naturally as sleep.

The farms, the fields, the burrows, the cattle, the seasons and his Ántonia. When he first met her, she was a little girl with eyes which seemed big and warm and full of light, like the sun shining on brown pools in the wood. This brown skinned, wild curly haired chirrup, coaxingly took his hand and ran with him to a steep drawside to show him a nondescript view. And this did not change even when they both get old and Jim visits her after a long time of hardship and tooth fall. She shows it all to him, her children and her life. Oh Ántonia, how I wished that you got the best in the world, and how you never cared and made the best of what came along.

What more detail can I give here to do justice to this meta-biographical gem by Cather. All of the nitty gritties seem pointless. The more I dig deep, the more I see her(Cather's) feats of drawing out characters with such prudence that not one of them can now be faded with the sleight of time. Ántonia's father, Lena, the two Russians and their guilt, Jack and Otto, the Cutters, and everyone else.

In the end what remains with me is one more thing other than those images of prairies and a strong feeling of nostalgia. Jim, at the University of Nebraska, while studying Virgil's Georgics, was informed that when Virgil was near death, Aeneid unfinished, he would have found consolation with having written that perfect Georgics and would have thought, with the thankfulness of a good man, "I was first to bring the Muse into my country". Just like Cather would have, when she moved to Nebraska and wrote this beauty about a place which was like a blank spot on the map of America.

[I should thank Stephanie Vaughn for directing me towards that last bit through her brilliant introduction to this book]

[emma]

she's adding short classics again

[N · Rating 5 out of 5]

One of the most beautifully written novels ever. It has haunting, simple prose and a spare quality that really fleshes out Antonia and Jim Burden's loneliness living on the Nebraska prairie.

Antonia, Lena, and Jim are all well conceived characters that depict the human condition's yearning and of the notion that goodness always is a human emotion that will live on.

It's a bit reminiscent of novels on solitude I've read by Jim Harrison, Kent Haruf, Carson McCullers and Cormac McCarthy.

I can see why authors have always referred to this wonderful novel as an influence, and it really is a true classic.

[Pam · Rating 3 out of 5]

3 1/2 stars

I remember reading this in school and being very impressed by it. I’m sure it was the very lyrical prose that captured me. Nobody could make rural Nebraska sound so absolutely beautiful and appealing than Willa Cather.

As for now, I’m still impressed with the book’s first part—the early childhood of Jim and Antonia on the farm and their childhood/teenage years in the town. Set in late 19th and early 20th century, it is a marvel of description of pioneering farming and immigrant experience in what was essentially still the western United States. Even though it is a fairly short novel I think Cather made it too long. Its impact trickles away and is more or less turned into a wistful happy soap opera towards the end.

[Cheryl · Rating 5 out of 5]

She makes me revel in the beauty of four seasons: burning summers when the world lies green and billowy beneath a brilliant sky...the color and smell of strong weeds and heavy harvests; blustery winters with little snow, when the whole country is stripped bare and gray as sheet-iron. I read her and I forsake all others, for she tells me that no one can give the sensation of place through narrative, and also deliver such soul-stirring and wistful storytelling quite like she can.

She gives me quiet country in the form of a first person narrative mode that keeps me so invested that for a week, I live in the head of Jim, a man looking back at his boyhood in a prairie town, and suddenly, there I am, next to him, in scenic reverie, I had the feeling that the world was left behind, that we had got over the edge of it, and were outside man's jurisdiction...This was the complete doom of heaven, all there was of it. As I read through each chapter, she gives me nostalgia for the quiet country I've had the honor of experiencing, when I lived in the belly of the Appalachian mountains (which at some point was considered a part of the American frontier that Cather writes about).

She gives me Ántonia, always to carry with me; the closest, realest face, under all the shadows of women's faces, at the very bottom of my memory, for through Ántonia, she gives me women's issues; unassuming, yet audacious. Through Lena, Ántonia's friend and Jim's lover, she gives me feminism; subtle and sure. Her [Cather's] thoughts on feminism are also mine:"she was more interested in asserting her right to participate in a male literary tradition than in promoting an alternative female canon." When she uses a male narrator who is a bit of a recluse because she wants to "imagine a man's feelings for Antonia," I'm exhilarated by the creative choice. And when she creates a narrative to compare the lives of these women, she gives me two of my favorite books on women: Night and Day and So Long a Letter.

When she gives me Bohemia and Scandinavia, and the portrait of an unassimilated immigrant household, she showcases cultural dubiousness, and brings back memories of my own immigrant struggles of years ago:

If I told my schoolmates that Lena Lingard's father was a clergyman, and much respected in Norway, they looked at me blankly. What did it matter? All foreigners were ignorant people who couldn't speak English. There was not a man in Black Hawk who had the intelligence or cultivation, much less the personal distinction, of Antonia's father. Yet people saw no difference between her and the three Marys; they were all Boheminans, all hired girls.

At the end, when she shows me the unpredictability of life and I am tempted to pity Ántonia, she assures me that Ántonia is not broken, but still there, in the full vigor of her personality, battered but not diminished, rather, she has found in America, what she wanted in Bohemia.

She gives me pastoral literature in its simple, subtle, and structured form, leaving me much to ponder about life and love and happiness:

I was something that lay under the sun and felt it, like the pumpkins, and I did not want to be anything more. I was entirely happy. Perhaps we feel like that when we die and become a part of something entire, whether it is sun and air, or goodness and knowledge. At any rate, that is happiness; to be dissolved into something complete and great. When it comes to one, it comes as naturally as sleep.

[Jan-Maat]

Well, a strange book.

The author starts off by denying that she is the author. Not my story, no sirree, I have no responsibility what so ever for what happens between those pages, nuthin' to do with me, it's these guys you see having a gossip on a railway carriage, one of them narrates the scene and the other one, well he's the one who writes the story.

Having asserted her distance from the narrative, she is free to write what ever she wants. What she wants is a bit strange. The narration is meant to be recollections about Antonia stress on the first syllable in case you were tempted to think AnTONia or AntonIA a Czech girl, from an immigrant family to Nebraska, who both of the narrators knew as young people. The narrative is divided into sections and although the narrative is meant to be about Antonia, she features mostly in the last section, a little bit in the first and less in the others. In the last section Antonia emerges most strongly, not as an individual but as a type, a mother of nations, perhaps she is the shape of things to come, sun -browned, capable, hard working, undaunted, a farmer's wife, mother to many, and a Grandmother. I don't really see why or how the young antonia made such a powerful impression on the two male narrators who open the story, made that's the point, functionally she and the framing narrators feelings for her are the key that opens the tin of sardines.

With and without Antonia (and she is mostly absent or in the background) the book is a lyrical evocation of life in Nebraska towards the end of the nineteenth century, a fictionalisation of Willa Cather's own childhood, with a special focus on the women and girls. Apart from the gender bending such as Antonia slipping her silver ring on to Jim's (ie the author's) finger - an act of engagement which he rejects. This is no rural idyll, there is suicide followed by uncertainty over where the deceased can be buried, people make money through trickery, selling up to the next bunch of know-nothing new comers at inflated prices or by adding unagreed extras to dressmaking, general sharp dealing in the hotel trade, a man might sigh with longing over the chance of getting rich in Mexico by double charging poor travellers on the railway. Inbetween you try and survive the winters, trickery naturally leads to illegitimate babies too - our Antonia is the proud mother of one of these.

Those keenest to escape rural drudgery move to the coast to open boarding houses for sailors and up sticks to the Klondike with the goldrush with a view to providing support services.

A key moment I felt was narrator Jim Burden now that's a weighty name reading Virgil's Georgics and as Virgil through poetry preserved his native region for posterity, so to Cather ,through Burden, makes Nebraska a realm of the muses. A place of murder- suicides, slippery gender roles, and giant snakes whose threatening phallic symbolism is easily crushed with a handy shovel (or possibly a spade) for added symbolic resonance the snake here is not a symbol of the native, it is an interloper, a despoiler that occupies the burrows of the prarie dogs and feeds on them, it doesn't belong in their warm moist holes, nor ought it be allowed in, luckily Cather's sexuality was a private matter, nothing to see here Freudians! . Her's is a restless America, settling is contingent, one can move on and almost everybody does, it's a land of migrants, some more recent than others - a layer cake though rather than a melting pot. Identity is difference, all honourably preserved here.

In the end Jim Burden, narrator, escapes or comes to terms with nomen ist omen : The feelings of that night were so near that I could reach out and touch them with my hand. I had the sense of coming home to myself. and of having found out what a little circle man's experience is. For Antonia and me, this had been the road of Destiny; had taken us to those early accidents of fortune which predetermined for us all that we can ever be. Now I understood that the same road was to bring us together again. Whatever we had missed, we possessed together the precious , the incommunicable past( p.196) as I said, strange a communication device - the book - asserting to us that something is incommunicable, a bildungsroman constructed out of the lives of others, a cunning casket snaps shut.