If you own a car, you know what a headache and huge responsibility (not to mention expense!) they can be. If you rely on public transportation, you know how limiting and unreliable it is (at least in most places in the USA) and how long you often have to wait. It's difficult for most of us to get around without our own vehicle, and yet we have to invest a lot in them. Imagine if you could have all the benefits of owning a car, with none of the responsibilities. Interested? Read on.
Autonomy: The Quest to Build the Driverless Car—And How It Will Reshape Our World is an exciting look at the current developments and trends in autonomous vehicles. We are quickly approaching the day when we no longer will have to make a costly investment to own a vehicle if we want/need to have one that is available for us at any time, to take us anywhere we want to go. We will no longer have to worry about an expensive repair if something goes wrong, not have to bother with cleaning and servicing them (hurray!), not have to stress about commuting in heavy traffic or dealing with irate drivers. Instead, the day is soon coming when vehicles will be completely autonomous and on-demand. Need a ride? Pull out your phone and request one, much the same as you'd request a ride with Uber or Lyft. Within minutes, a small but comfortable vehicle pulls up in front of you and takes you where you want to go. No steering, no sweating, no swearing! (Hmmm... I might miss that part; I do love to partake in a bit of verbal road rage at times. It gets rid of other stress, what can I say?) . You can sit back and enjoy the scenery, or safely(!) text or check your email, or read a book. When you reach your destination, you do not have to worry about finding parking, but are simply deposited right where you need to be; the car then heads off to pick up the next rider or parks itself.
This book was quite interesting, not because I'm crazy about cars -- I'm not -- but because I think artificial intelligence is kick-ass cool and I look forward to the day where I will no longer need to own a vehicle. Lawrence D. Burns provides an in-depth look at the history of and the research into creating autonomous vehicles at Carnegie Mellon and Stanford Universities and within Google (Waymo), Tesla, Uber, GM, and others. It is fascinating what all goes on, how the vehicles are taught and how they learn to operate on their own. I would never have thought about the things that need to be programmed in, such as how to predict what a cyclist might do, how to tell that a person carrying a huge canvas is actually a person and not something else, how to know its own shadow and that it is not something it needs to worry about hitting. The vehicle needs to know not only what things are, but predict how each thing might move. There are thousands of behavioral rules a vehicle must learn, things we who drive are often unaware of even knowing.
Some of the perks of a driverless society are:
•Better for the environment
○Currently, "... only about 5 percent of the gasoline energy translated into motion is used to move the driver, which amounts to just 1.5 percent of the total energy in gasoline." Often there is only the driver in the car, so that's a lot of energy being wasted.
•Less space needed for parking lots and parking garages
○"...we pave over big swathes of valuable real estate in our cities, creating asphalt heat islands that elevate urban temperatures and may contribute to climate change." Because there will be a lot fewer vehicles on the road, and because those vehicles will be smaller, much of the space currently given to parking our vehicles can be transformed into public parks or provide places for new buildings and homes.
•Lower costs
○"...our research suggested that driverless electric vehicles tailor-designed for shared transportation service in U.S. cities could reduce the out-of-pocket and time costs of conventional automobile travel by more than 80 percent (from $1.50 per mile to $0.25 per mile)."
•Improved safety
○There are 1.3 million roadway fatalities that happened around the world each year and the number is rising. That's about 3,000 lives lost a day due to vehicle accidents, 90% of those due to human error. The driverless cars of the future will be much safer. For instance,
"A good human driver has his eyes on the road ahead and conducts checks around the vehicle as often as possible. But the Google car had sensors all around it. It knew what was happening ahead, as well as to the right and the left, and behind—at all times." And it's not distracted by a smartphone notification!
It thrills me to know there are already self-driving-capable cars on the roads, and improvements are being made all the time. We have a way to go, I think, before we can transition to a fully driverless society, but the benefits are many. There is much left to work out, and certainly there will be jobs lost to this transition as well. Mr. Burns briefly addresses this issue in the book as well.
There will be be some who do not welcome this transition because they enjoy driving. Well, "You know what? There were people who liked to ride horses.” . Yet most of us are quite happy to not rely on them for our transportation needs!
I did find parts of this book dull; for me, there were a bit too many details of business deals and the author's history of working with GM. He enjoyed patting himself on the back in the book too, which I found irritating. I think it could have done with a better edit, but for the most part I found the book enlightening and enjoyable. If you're interested in the future of AI, whether or not you're interested in cars, you'll probably find this book interesting.