خواهران و دخترانِ ما

by احمد کسروی

Ahmad Kasravi's classical analysis of the role of women in Iranian history.

Genres: History

50 pages, ebook

First published January 1, 1944

About the author

Aḥmad Kasravī
Born in Hokmabad (Hohmavar), Tabriz, Iran, Kasravi was an Iranian Azari. Initially, Kasravi enrolled in a seminary. Later, he joined the Persian Constitutional Revolution. He experienced a sort of conversion to Western learning when he learned that the comet of 1910 had been identified as a reappearance of Halley's comet. He abandoned his clerical training after this event and enrolled in the American Memorial School of Tabriz. Thenceforward he became, in Roy Mottahedeh's words, "a true anti-cleric."

It was in Tbilisi where he first became acquainted with a wide spectrum of political ideas and movements, and he soon was employed by the government of Iran in various cultural posts.

A prolific writer, Kasravi was very critical of both the Shi'a clergy and of the policies of the central government. He had liberal views on religion, was a strong supporter of democracy, and expressed them in satirical pamphlets like What Is the Religion of the Hajis with Warehouses? that infuriated many readers. His views earned him many powerful enemies such as Ayatollah Khomeini.

His detailed account of the Constitutional Revolution still stands out as one of the most important sources on the events, even though Kasravi was a teenager at the time of the revolution and cannot claim the full authority of a contemporary witness that his writing at times suggests.

Kasravi is known for his solid research work on the ancient Azari language and origin of the Azerbaijani people. He showed that the ancient Azari language was an offshoot of Pahlavi language. Due to this discovery, he was granted the membership of London Royal Asiatic Society and American Academy.

Arguing that ancient Azari language had been closely related to Persian language and the influx of Turkic words began only with the Seljuq invasion, Ahmad Kasravi believed that true national language of Iranian Azerbaijan was Persian and therefore advocated the linguistic assimilation of Persian in Azarbaijan.

In 1927-8 Ahmad Kasravi led the way in establishing the ancestry of the Safavids dynasty with the publication of three influential articles and disputed the validity of the `official' Safavid family tree contained in the Safvat al-Safa, and argued convincingly that the ancestors of Shaykh Safi al-Din, who founded the Safavid Order (tariqa), were indigenous inhabitants of Iran and were of pure Aryan stock. Today, the consensus among Safavid historians is that the Safavid family hailed from Persian Kurdistan.
On March 11, 1946, while being tried on charges of "slander against Islam," Kasravi and one of his assistants were knifed and killed in open court in Tehran by followers of Navvab Safavi, a Shi'a extremist cleric who had founded a terrorist organization called the Fadayan-e Islam (literally Devotees of Islam). The same group had failed in assassinating Kasravi earlier in April 1945 in Tehran. Ayatollah Borujerdi and Ayatollah Sadr[who?:] issued fatwas for killing Ahmad Kasravi

Reviews

[Elmira Bahmani · Rating 3 out of 5]

شايد كساني خواهند گفت : رو گرفتن زنان چه زيان دارد؟!.. اگر زني خواست روي خود را از مردان بيگانه
بپوشاند چه نكوهش به او هست؟!.. اين چه پافشاريست كه كساني در اين باره مي كنند؟!..
مي گويم: تنها رو گرفتن يا پوشانيدن رو در خور ارج چندان نيست . گفتگو نيز بر سر آن نمي باشد . گفتگو بر سر
آنست كه به دستاويز همان رو گرف تن و خود را پوشانيدن، زنان از توده بيرون افتاده بودند، به دستاويز همان رو گرفتن
بانجمنها نمي آمدند، از پيشآمدهاي كشور و توده بيكبار ناآگاه مي ماندند، از دانستنيها پاك بي بهره مي بودند . در اين
كشور مي زيستند و كمترين دلبستگي بآن نمي داشتند و نمي توانستند داشت . آنچه در ايران مي بود اينها مي بود . كوشش
ما نيز در برداشتن اينها بوده است و مي باشد. اگر تنها روگرفتن بودي جاي چندان اندوه نبودي.

[آمیرزا · Rating 2 out of 5]

اثری جالب که توش حتی این نتیجه گرفته میشه که چادر از ایران وارد اسلام شد نه از اسلام وارد ایران

[Hamid · Rating 2 out of 5]

در این کتاب کسروی هنوز تحت تاثیر تعلیمات سنتی بهترین کار زنان را پرورش مردان خوب می داند. اما بعد از چند سال در افکارش تجدید نظر می کند و بر آموزش زنان -و از این راه اسقلالشان- تاکید می کند.

[Arya Tabaie]

کسروی یک دیوانه است که در عالم جنون خودش خیلی کارش درسته، خوندن کتاب هاش اگر هم شالوده ی باور هاش رو بهمون منتقل نکنه، نکته های کوچولو و بامزه ای رو بهمون یاد می ده (یه جورایی شبیه نیچه است)

[Nastaran Heydari · Rating 2 out of 5]

شاید به‌دردبخورترین بخش این کتاب همون بخش اولش باشه که درباره روگرفتن زنان ایرانی چند تا فکت تاریخی میگه.
باقی کتاب رو که بخونی گاهی فکر میکنی که یه آخوند یا کسی که برای آزادی زنان حد و مرز تعیین میکنه این کتاب رو نوشته. علی الخصوص قسمتهایی که چندبار میگه زن های برای خانه داری و بچه بزرگ کردن آفریده شدند.
با تمام اینها بازم کسروی از ایرانی متوسط زمان خودش سطح بالاتر بوده. فقط شاید این کتاب به درد بعضی خواننده‌های امروزی نخوره! به درد کسایی میخوره که افکار و منششون در سطح همون ایرانی متوسط زمان کسروی و ماقبلش بوده.

[Nikoo]

اینجای کتاب جالب بود که میگه زمان مشروطه، ملایان و درباریان که مخالف مشروطه بودند برای اینکه مردم رو هم مخالف کنند چنین می‌گفتند:« این لامذهب‌ها امروز می‌گویند مشروطه شوید فردا هم خواهند گفت روهای زن‌هاتان را باز کنید.»
یه جیزی شبیه اینکه اینا فقط میخوان لخت شن

[Mohammad77 · Rating 3 out of 5]

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