Deux régimes de fous

by Gilles Deleuze

Édition préparée par David Lapoujade « Le vieux fascisme si actuel et puissant qu'il soit dans beaucoup de pays, n'est pas le nouveau problème actuel. On nous prépare d'autres fascismes. Tout un néo-fascisme s'installe par rapport auquel l'ancien fascisme fait figure de folklore (...). Au lieu d'être une politique et une économie de guerre, le néo-fascisme est une entente mondiale pour la sécurité, pour la gestion d'une "paix" non moins terrible, avec organisation concertée de toutes les petites peurs, de toutes les petites angoisses qui font de nous autant de micro-fascistes, chargés d'étouffer chaque chose, chaque visage, chaque parole un peu forte, dans sa rue, son quartier, sa salle de cinéma. » Gilles Deleuze, février 1977 Ce recueil est paru en 2003. Voir aussi L'Île déserte. Textes et entretiens 1953-1974.

Genres: Philosophy, Essays, Theory, Nonfiction, Politics, Art, France

383 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1975

About the author

Deleuze is a key figure in poststructuralist French philosophy. Considering himself an empiricist and a vitalist, his body of work, which rests upon concepts such as multiplicity, constructivism, difference and desire, stands at a substantial remove from the main traditions of 20th century Continental thought. His thought locates him as an influential figure in present-day considerations of society, creativity and subjectivity. Notably, within his metaphysics he favored a Spinozian concept of a plane of immanence with everything a mode of one substance, and thus on the same level of existence. He argued, then, that there is no good and evil, but rather only relationships which are beneficial or harmful to the particular individuals. This ethics influences his approach to society and politics, especially as he was so politically active in struggles for rights and freedoms. Later in his career he wrote some of the more infamous texts of the period, in particular, Anti-Oedipus and A Thousand Plateaus. These texts are collaborative works with the radical psychoanalyst Félix Guattari, and they exhibit Deleuze’s social and political commitment.

Gilles Deleuze began his career with a number of idiosyncratic yet rigorous historical studies of figures outside of the Continental tradition in vogue at the time. His first book, Empirisism and Subjectivity, is a study of Hume, interpreted by Deleuze to be a radical subjectivist. Deleuze became known for writing about other philosophers with new insights and different readings, interested as he was in liberating philosophical history from the hegemony of one perspective. He wrote on Spinoza, Nietzche, Kant, Leibniz and others, including literary authors and works, cinema, and art. Deleuze claimed that he did not write “about” art, literature, or cinema, but, rather, undertook philosophical “encounters” that led him to new concepts. As a constructivist, he was adamant that philosophers are creators, and that each reading of philosophy, or each philosophical encounter, ought to inspire new concepts. Additionally, according to Deleuze and his concepts of difference, there is no identity, and in repetition, nothing is ever the same. Rather, there is only difference: copies are something new, everything is constantly changing, and reality is a becoming, not a being.

He often collaborated with philosophers and artists as Félix Guattari, Michel Foucault, Guy Hocquenghem, René Schérer, Carmelo Bene, François Châtelet, Olivier Revault d'Allonnes, Jean-François Lyotard, Georges Lapassade, Kateb Yacine and many others.

Reviews

[Jonfaith · Rating 4 out of 5]

There is no absolute ear; the problem is to have an impossible one--making audible forces that are not audible in themselves. In philosophy, it is a question of an impossible thought, making thinkable through a very complex material of thought forces that are unthinkable.

Such statements -- though boggling -- are rather exciting, well at least to me. Two Regimes is a collected works volume, a bin for minor pieces, prefaces and interviews. One has to be familiar with Deleuze (especially with his famed collaborations with Guattari) to find much traction. There are some neutral selections that could enchant the novice, in particular a colloquium on Proust where Deleuze enchants while Roland Barthes comes across as bit of a dick. Deleuze is rather moving in his pieces on Guattari and Foucault, he notes on the latter that books of Foucault provide context but that is only half of the project, the other half is provided in the interviews. I would like to think the same applies to Deleuze himself.

[Charles · Rating 5 out of 5]

Separate reviews published, of the French edition, Radical Philosophy 126 (July 2004): 53-54; and of the English translation, Deleuze Studies 1.1 (2007): 82-92.

[Levi]

"Un concept philosophique remplit une ou plusieurs fonctions, dans des champs de pensée qui sont eux-mêmes définis par des variables intérieures. Il y a enfin des variables extérieures (états de choses, moments de l'histoire), dans un rapport complexe avec les variables internes et les fonctions. C'est dire qu'un concept ne naît et ne meurt pas par plaisir, mais dans la mesure où de nouvelles fonctions dans de nouveaux champs le destituent relativement. C'est pourquoi aussi il n'est jamais très intéressant de critiquer un concept : il vaut mieux construire les nouvelles fonctions et découvrir les nouveaux champs qui le rendent inutile ou inadéquat."

[Enon · Rating 3 out of 5]

Skimmed a few essays in this work before returning it to Powells. Normally wouldn't include a half read work in my completed list, but consider this more a bookmark for a future return.. maybe.

[viy]

read the timothy s murphy translation of "the grandeur of yasser arafat"

[Charles Keatts · Rating 5 out of 5]

Currently reading. Love it esp. the talk with R. Barthes on Proust.

[Noah Christiansen · Rating 5 out of 5]

Read:
- Desire and Pleasure

[Alex Lee · Rating 3 out of 5]

Since this was published after his death, one mustn't be too harsh. There is obviously very little coherency here. We get glimpses at some of Deleuze's brilliance, shown unevenly because he didn't refine much of this for publication. If you are starving for Deleuze, you should reach this book. You'll grasp that he is a much more disciplined writer than Guattari. His clarity is of course, delightful, as always. There are gems here, such as Deleuze's conflation of thought and life, transcendence and immanence. The title is compelling, but of this collection of works, there is little to show us of Deleuze himself -- beyond what he has already given us in his refined publications.

[Eric Phetteplace · Rating 4 out of 5]

disappointing only becuz everything else Deleuze I've read has been incredible. Some of the essays are useless summaries of ideas developed elsewhere, others are pretty simplistic and devoid of originality (most of the stuff on Palestine is surprisingly bland). The best parts are his essays on Foucault and some of the interviews where he talks in a more casual manner. Only buy this if you're hardcore into Deleuze, otherwise stick to his main books.

[Gary Norris · Rating 4 out of 5]

especially:

Schizophrenia and Society
The Interpretation of Utterances
The Rise of the Social
The Complaint and the Body
May '68 didn't Happen
What is the Creative Act?


but really it's all good

[Bradley · Rating 4 out of 5]

I want to stutter language, not just words.