All That Swagger by Miles Franklin
This novel is considered one of the first great novels of the settling of Australia by Europeans. It covers 100 years from the 1830s, a period when young men and women chose to leave their homes in Europe to make a life for themselves in what they understood to be the empty land of Australia. The central character of the novel is Danny Delacey, the 18-year old Protestant son of a college teacher, who persuades his Catholic girlfriend from a financially prosperous farming family, 19-year old Johanna Cooley, to elope with him to Australia. He believes, incorrectly, that free land grants are available for young people like him who are willing to work hard to build the country. Fortunately, an already wealthy landowner, George Moore, returning to Australia on the same ship, takes them under his wing and after briefly trying to make it on his own Danny accepts employment with him.
What follows is the gripping saga of Danny and Johanna’s role in settling the southern highlands of New South Wales and the children and grandchildren who carried on, or not, their legacy. It is richly written story about the realities of life opening a new area of a country. When Danny gets his wish to strike out on his own Franklin leaves us in no doubt of the hardships, crude living conditions and dangers that they had to deal with.
What makes this novel outstanding is the way Franklin establishes Danny as her idea of the sort of people who should be the mainstay of the country, the people who will build an Australia that is strong and vibrant. Danny is honest to a fault and generous without limit. He believes in keeping his word no matter what the cost and is almost driven to poverty by his belief that whoever shows up at the door should be housed and fed for as long as they need. He regards the aborigines as the original settlers and has no problem paying them `rent’, usually a steer a year, for his use of their land. He is also more than ready to state his political views regardless of the company, believing that he must be true to his principles. This approach sets him up as an ideal against characters who have a different view of what their priorities should be. Not only does Danny have to keep marauding wildlife at bay, but he is cheated in business by people who do not keep their end of the bargain, loses stock to neighbors he assumed was his friends and is constantly trying to keep his financial head above waters as the economy changes. He breeds and trains horses with a national reputation but when the bicycle is invented he needs to pivot to another business and does. He also has a try at goldmining with disastrous results.
Franklin also uses the character of Johanna to demonstrate how the social aspirations and divisions of their homeland often came along with these immigrants or re-emerged once they had successfully built communities and resorted to their homelands as the model for structuring them. Johanna longs for the `elegancies’ she grew up used to, and she and other women, more than men, strive to set up the social hierarchies they left behind. The presence of ex-convicts who have paid their debt to society and now settle and work the land alongside the immigrants, must be come to terms with. As hard as she works, often on her own with the children as Danny is off on some new project or adventure, Johanna is torn between her passionate love for her husband and her Catholic guilt about having abandoned her Irish family.
(Stella Maria Sarah) Miles Franklin was born in the southern highlands of New South Wales, Australia in 1879. Her forbears were early settlers in that area so while this novel is not directly autobiographical it is informed by her experience and the accounts of the older generations of her family. She is best known in the US for her novel “My Brilliant Career” which was made into and award-winning film in 1979. The book was published to considerable uproar in 1904 because of its feminist themes and the sequel “My Career Goes Bung” was not published until 1946 because it was thought “too advanced.” “All That Swagger” was published in 1935 to great acclaim and was her last big novel. So highly regarded were her depictions of the settlement and development of Australia that its foremost literary prize is named after her.
I did not want this book to end.