What Are You Optimistic About? : Today's leading thinkers lighten up

Edge Question

by John Brockman

The nightly news and conventional wisdom tell us that things are bad and getting worse. Yet despite dire predictions, scientists see many good things on the horizon. John Brockman, publisher of Edge (www.edge.org), the influential online salon, recently asked more than 150 high-powered scientific thinkers to answer a vital question for our frequently pessimistic times: "What are you optimistic about?" Spanning a wide range of topics—from string theory to education, from population growth to medicine, and even from global warming to the end of world—What Are You Optimistic About? is an impressive array of what world-class minds (including Nobel Laureates, Pulitzer Prize winners, New York Times bestselling authors, and Harvard professors, among others) have weighed in to offer carefully considered optimistic visions of tomorrow. Their provocative and controversial ideas may rouse skepticism, but they might possibly change our perceptions of humanity's future.

Genres: Nonfiction, Science, Philosophy, Psychology, Education, Society, Essays

396 pages, Paperback

First published October 30, 2007

About the author

John Brockman is an American literary agent and author specializing in scientific literature. He established the Edge Foundation, an organization that brings together leading edge thinkers across a broad range of scientific and technical fields.

He is author and editor of several books, including: The Third Culture (1995); The Greatest Inventions of the Past 2000 Years (2000); The Next Fifty Years (2002) and The New Humanists (2003).

He has the distinction of being the only person to have been profiled on Page One of the "Science Times" (1997) and the "Arts & Leisure" (1966), both supplements of The New York Times.

Reviews

[Aerin · Rating 3 out of 5]

(Original review date: 9 June 2014)

Every year since 1998, online salon Edge.org has asked a philosophical or scientific question of its members, who are touted as the world's "most complex and sophisticated minds".

What Are You Optimistic About? is a compilation of responses to the 2007 question:

As an activity, as a state of mind, science is fundamentally optimistic. Science figures out how things work and thus can make them work better. Much of the news is either good news or news that can be made good, thanks to ever deepening knowledge and ever more efficient and powerful tools and techniques. Science, on its frontiers, poses more and ever better questions, ever better put.

What are you optimistic about? Why? Surprise us!

It's an interesting question, and a heartening one, given the dismal nature of so much science news these days. The brief responses collected here, from 153 luminaries representing various intellectual and artistic fields, range from trite to eccentric to obvious to profound.

The complete text of the responses can be found here. Some that I found notable are:


Geoffrey Miller: "A Secular Humanist Death"

The hope: That humanity will develop a wise, brave, accepting attitude toward death, without relying on religious tropes like a heavenly afterlife. Miller writes movingly about his secular humanist view of death's meaning:

"My genes, proteins, neural networks, beliefs, and desires are practically identical to those sustaining the consciousnesses of 6 billion other humans and countless other animals, whose experiences will continue when mine do not.

"Since life must be common throughout the universe and resilient across time, such subjective experiences will continue not just on Earth in the short term but across many worlds, for billions of years.

"There is no spooky personal afterlife to fear or hope for, only this wondrous diversity of subjectivity that trillions of individuals get to partake in."


Martin E.P. Seligman: "The First Coming"

The hope: That though there are no gods at the present time, that an omnipotent, omniscient, and benevolent being (or beings) may come into existence in the future, as a result of documented evolutionary processes that select for more complexity over time.

"A process that selects for more complexity is ultimately aimed at nothing less than omniscience, omnipotence, and goodness. Omniscience is arguably the ultimate end product of science. Omnipotence is arguably the ultimate end product of technology. Goodness is arguably the ultimate end product of positive institutions. Altruism is selected for. So in the very longest run, we have a God who is not supernatural but who has acquired omnipotence, omniscience, and benevolence through natural processes. Perhaps - just perhaps - God comes at the end."

This is a completely wacky idea, but I chewed it over for some time, and I find it kind of enchanting. I would read fiction with this as the premise.


Frank Wilczek: "Physics Will Not Achieve a Theory of Everything"

Think about it: if we really discovered a theory of everything, what would there be left to discover? Wilczek: "I'm optimistic that the world will continue to surprise us in fascinating and fundamental ways."

Granted, I don't think we're remotely near achieving a scientific theory of everything (and the commonly-understood meaning of this phrase is something far more limited - a theory of everything fundamental in physics), but Wilczek's right. How depressing would it be to live in a universe where we know all the details? Or even in one where we know all the basics, with no "big ideas" left to strive for?


Karl Sabbagh: "The Optimism of Scientists"

Sabbagh argues - powerfully - that simply to engage in science is to be an optimist. No one would become a scientist if s/he didn't believe they would make new discoveries, contribute to humanity's corpus of knowledge, and/or find new solutions to persistent problems.


Max Tegmark: "We're Not Insignificant After All"

Based on the available evidence, Tegmark believes that "we're the only life-form in our entire observable universe that has advanced to the point of building telescopes." Rather than this being a sobering, lonely conjecture, Tegmark points out how important it makes us, and how meaningful our existence is as a result.

"It was the cosmic vastness that made me feel insignificant to start with, yet those galaxies are visible and beautiful to us -- and only us. It is only we who give them any meaning, making our small planet the most significant place in our observable universe."

Heady stuff.


Rebecca Goldstein: "We Have the Ability to Understand One Another"

Our human capacity for empathy could, if developed, help ease even the most cavernous ideological divides. Goldstein suggests we might foster this through fiction, which allows us to inhabit the minds of others who don't share our beliefs and prejudices. As a reader, I love this idea - that fiction can save the world!


Jill Neimark: "The Human Epigenome Project"

Sure, we've mapped the human genome, but that's only half the story. Epigenetics looks at the biochemical markers along the genome that regulate genes, turn them off and on, kick them into high or low gear. These epi-effects can range from determining physical characteristics to producing mental illnesses to filtering traits down to our children and our children's children. We can't fully understand how our genes work without mapping the epigenome, too - and now we are starting to.


Marvin Minsky: "New Prospects of Immortality"

This is the old we'll-be-able-to-download-our-minds-into-machines-and-live-forever idea. No thanks. Despite that I believe death is ultimately a good thing that provides a finiteness and meaning to our lives (see also: The Age of Spiritual Machines), modern neuroscience seems to indicate that our minds are not some separate "software" installed in our hardware brains, but that the brain IS the mind - consciousness being a side effect of the way our neural network functions. So I'm not sure you COULD transfer that epiphenomenon into something completely alien like a computer chip. And even if you could, it would necessarily be a duplicate of you. You - your physical body and brain - are still going to die. A virtual clone that thinks it's me doesn't seem like a very desirable afterlife.


Roger C. Schank: "The End of the Commoditization of Knowledge"

"Fifteen years ago, I was asked to join the board of editors of Encyclopaedia Brittanica. In short order, I learned that these editors saw themselves as guardians of knowledge. They knew what was true and what was important, and only knowledge that fit those criteria would be in their encyclopedia. I asked if the encyclopedia could be say, ten times bigger, economic issues aside, and they said no, the right information was already in there."

Occasionally, it dawns on me again how completely revolutionary the Internet has been, and how rapidly it has transformed our social, economic and intellectual landscape - all within my relatively short lifetime. Wow. That makes me optimistic, too.


Chris DiBona: "High-Resolution Images of Earth Will Thwart Global Villainy"

The idea here is that incredibly hi-res, up-to-date satellite imagery of every inch of the planet will be available to everyone at any time. DiBona sees this as a good thing, because we'll all be able to see everything from "troop movements, power-plant placement, ill-conceived dumping," to "just your neighbor building a pool." This complete destruction of any shred of privacy and national security makes DiBona optimistic? Holy Christ! BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU. AND HE IS EVERYONE.


John Gottman: "When Men Are Involved in the Care of Their Infants, the Cultures Do Not Make War"

Title says it all (based on research on hunter-gatherer societies). And worldwide, fathers are getting ever more involved in parenting.

Also, this quote: "In fact, from the way a couple argued in the last trimester of pregnancy, we could predict with high accuracy how much their baby would cry." Insane. So Gottman and his wife designed a workshop to help couples avoid postpartum marital dissatisfaction and destructive behaviors, and follow-up research has indicated that these negative effects on both babies and marriages were reversed. SO insane.


Rudy Rucker: "Universal Telepathy"

I just want to note that this is the most bullshit article in the whole collection. Rucker believes that there will be "an amazing new discovery in physics" of something he calls the subdimensions. "Endless free energy will flow from the subdimensions!" Uh huh, sure. And via access to these subdimensions, we will not only be able to naturally communicate telepathically with other humans, but also with "animals, plants and even insentient objects." OKAY. And thus every object in the world will become conscious. OOOOH KAAAAAY. And then something something, reprogramming the basic physical structure of reality with our minds, something something, awakening to the presence of higher minds in the cosmos.

OKAY WHAT THE FUCK IS THIS. I was going to point this out at some other point in my review, but fuck it, it's relevant here. There are 153 articles in this book and nineteen of them were written by women. That's 12.4%. Whatever criteria Edge is using to cull their "complex and sophisticated" contributors, their net overwhelmingly snares dudes over ladies. And, okay, men are overrepresented in STEM and academia, and that's a cultural issue that is not Edge's responsibility to remedy (though some effort at recruiting more women scientists as contributors would be welcome, but whatever). But Edge also recruits novelists and other cultural commentators, such as this Rudy Rucker, who is, besides a mathematician and computer scientist, a novelist and "cyberpunk pioneer". I just find it hard to believe that they couldn't come up with, oh 400 female thinkers and writers off the top of their head, that could provide a more legitimate, interesting, and realistic response to this question.

THAT IS ALL I AM SAYING.

Also, fuck telepathy. I remain convinced that it is the stupidest idea ever.


Elizabeth F. Loftus: "The Restoration of Innocence"

And then, not one page later, we have Elizabeth Loftus - who is so very awesome - talking about how her research into the staggering fallibility of human memory could help reshape criminal justice systems and reduce wrongful convictions.

Granted, not as cool as telepathic communication with rocks -- but I mean, what do you expect from a lady.


Marcel Kinsbourne: "Shortening Sleep Will Enrich Our Lives"

I hate the fact that I need sleep. Though I suspect that it isn't the easily-eradicated vestigial throwback Kinsbourne describes, I hope that someone, somewhere can make some progress on eliminating all this nighty-night bullshit in the coming years. And I know that sleep deprivation drives people legit insane and then kills them in a pretty brief period of time, I KNOW THAT, but... if I had 8 extra hours every day to read and/or get shit done (mostly to read), HOW GREAT WOULD MY LIFE BE?

Pretty great.


It's after 2:00 in the morning here, and since science is slow-moving and cruel, I do need to get some sleep. So I'll finish up with a couple of quotes, which I think cover the basics of why being human is a necessarily optimistic endeavor:

"We begin life as uninhibited explorers with a boundless fascination for the ever growing world to which we have access. And what I find amazing is that if that fascination is fed, and if it's challenged, and if it's nurtured, it can grow to an intellect capable of grappling with such marvels as the quantum nature of reality, the energy locked inside the atom, the curved spacetime of the cosmos, the elementary constituents of matter, the genetic code underlying life, the neural circuitry responsible for consciousness, and perhaps even the very origin of the universe."
- Brian Greene

"I believe in the future of humankind. As long as there are children, as long as there are people who look up at the night sky in sheer wonder, as long as there is music and poetry and the Mona Lisa -- and old monasteries and young artists and fledgling scientists and all the other expressions of human creativity -- I will remain optimistic."
- Anton Zeilinger

"There are two kinds of optimism, the optimism of people who think they know the future and the optimism of people who believe the future will be more interesting and, if always imperfect, more wonderful than they can imagine. I am of the second kind."
- Lee Smolin

[Liz · Rating 4 out of 5]

This was a good tonic for tough times. Mostly it is scientists and other thinkers answering the question, "What are you Optimistic About?" from the people at edge.com. They have been doing this series for a while. And these books are great.

I would have one criticism of many of the writers talking about the 'triumph of rationalism over superstition'.... It seemed really unscientific in a sense to think that 6 billion people would eventually give up the comforts of superstition - which are legion - to the cold comfort --- at least to most, of a beautiful chaotic order in place of a wise all seeing 'meaning giver/protector' god... I just don't see it happening. I think we will continue to cleeve into two tribes. Though honestly - I am most happy to play in the fertile middle.

[Anca · Rating 1 out of 5]

Unfortunately there's not much to take away from this book. Even though the question asked seems to imply a positive answer, most essays use their length to describe apocalyptic scenarios or a very gloom perspective of humankind in order to later say something positive. The things they are positive about are loosely grouped by topic (without explicitly saying so): no religion, no war, feed the world, combat global warming... You get the same message by listening to John Lennon's Imagine, with the same feeling of scientific gravitas.
It's not a book about scientific breakthroughs and it's not a book about scientific speculation. It is a book about influential scientists' and writers' biases.

PS: there are a few good essays that deliver, but those are very few and far in between.

[Syed Fathi · Rating 2 out of 5]

The book is not really ‘a book’ in my traditional definition of a book. It does not written by an author or an author with a co-author, but a compilation of people’s opinion on the question posed, which was “What are you optimistic about?” As I am a traditionalist when it comes to a book, it easily gets me disinterested, as it does not come with a central thesis, and supplied by continuous contents. It’s an anthology which compiled multiple opinions of multiple people. Due to this, I can afford to give only 2 stars (but that does not mean the book is bad altogether!).

In the beginning of the book, most people ground their optimism to the diminishing belief in superstition and the rise of people believing in logic, evidence and reason. Others put their bet on the positive side of globalization, our future technological ability to fix the climate, green energy, slowing of population growth, the democratization of knowledge and the re-definition of education.

If you're feeling casual and not in the mood of serious reading, this book might fit in.

[Nick Davies · Rating 4 out of 5]

I thought quite a lot of this collection of short essays by specialists in various fields (mainly scientists, but plenty of other leading thinkers) was interesting. The contributors were encouraged to respond to the question of what they are most optimistic about in the future, and a variety of responses gathered here provides a lot of food for thought.

At times it was a little repetitive, by nature of the question posed - many made reference to the same kinds of progress we are making as a human race, and because the editor chose to some extent to gather essays broadly on theme - and some parts didn't engage me very much, but it is something I may return to. Curiously too, it being published in 2007 meant that it felt dated in some ways where referring to aspects now very passé, and slightly sadly over-optimistic in others.

[Bob Anderson · Rating 3 out of 5]

This book is the third question from Edge.org to have its responses collected into book form; it is worth reading now not because of any high quality of thought or writing contained within (there is very little of that) but because it shows us just how wrong-headed our “thought leaders” can be when you let them. What were people optimistic about in 2007? Well, from these responses, you can see that many foretold a coming enlightenment of morality, scientific reasoning, environmental care, or cooperation, for all humanity (whether even just the United States and Europe have progressed or regressed their enlightenment since then is questionable); others predicted that fundamental questions in their field would be answered (of these, probably only Paul Steinhardt’s prediction that CERN would detect interesting particles has panned out, although, first, he predicted not the Higgs Boson but WIMPs and supersymmetric particles, and second, he made several other predictions that are even less true). Still others predicted either personal immortality for themselves, or at least a good mind and a strong sex drive past their 100 year mark. Others content themselves with predictions so far reaching that basically no one able to read this book when it was first published would live to see their failure, in all probability. So do all these reasons to be optimistic, now shown to be mostly invalid, tell us that if we want actual actionable opinions we should ask a question less prone to Pollyannaish answers but which demands a certain amount of certainty, specialized knowledge, or at least care?

There are bright spots, though; some of the responders who take the time to showcase a nitty-gritty detail of their chosen field instead of waffling about in the big picture or dallying with wish-fulfillment present not just compelling reasons to have been optimistic, but have since turned out to be correct. For example, Alex Pentland discusses the amazing potential of rising phone availability in the developing world; writing in the same year that the iPhone first brought global attention to the smart phone, he correctly places a global communication revolution as an object of hope. Jill Neimark takes the time to educate a tad about epigenetic research while sharing her optimism about the Human Epigenome Project. And Joel Garreau, though his own writing seems to lack an actual argument or conclusion, gives us the best prose in the book by simply recopying the best page from Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, that page which includes the immortal rejection of society’s false premise, “All right, then, I’ll go to hell’. So by all means, take the time to read just a few of these essays, available freely on Edge.org, to remind yourself of the limits of unfounded optimism, and see where founded optimism can take you.

[Marigold · Rating 3 out of 5]

A good book to read when you're feeling like things can't get much worse! Or when you've been watching too many clips of Fox News via Jon Stewart (since I wouldn't be caught dead watching Fox itself). Or watching too much local news. This is a collection of short essays or thoughts by scientists, professors, doctors, and the like - discussing why they believe things are getting better & presenting the view that we're going to see great advances soon in areas such as physics, medicine, energy efficiency, & philosophy. It was interesting - but more a "dip into it now & then" book - not so much a "read in one sitting" book. I hope I get to keep this book & look at it in 20, 25 years - to see if any of it has come to pass!

[Kristen Lemaster · Rating 3 out of 5]

Some very beautiful and thoughtful ideas, lots of redundancy and nearly-identical essay responses (this book could be a quaint 200 pages and be much more enjoyable), but overall an optimistic read, if not quite at the level of inspiring. My favorite pieces discussed the decline of organized religion, globalization of higher education, recognition of the consequences of us-vs-them mentality, and musings on love, family, self, and goodness. Also references a lot of other non-fiction books, so my to-read list has grown more optimistic as well :)

[Hayley Dunning · Rating 3 out of 5]

Some interesting theses, too many entries.

[Esin Sakin · Rating 4 out of 5]

Biyoloji, tıp, bilgisayar, malzeme, madde ve uzay konularında geleceğin bize neler vaad ettiğini alanının uzmanlarının gözünden anlatan bir kitap. Biraz psikolojik ve sosyopolitik değerlendirmelere de yer verilmiş ama sanırım hayatın kaotikliği bu konularda daha az tahmin yapmaya neden olduğu için bu kısım sınırlı. Gelecekte ömrün uzaması, belki uzak yıldızlarda da hayatın kurulması ya da oralardan daha çok bilgi edinmek, daha çok hastalığın tedavisinin bulunması ve bilgisayarların sorunlara daha hızlı çözümler bulacak olması iyimser olmak için nedenler sağlayabilir ama sosyal yönden insan beyni hala avcı-toplayıcı dönemlerdeki gibi olacağından ben bu baş döndürücü hızla gelen değişimlere ayak uydurabileceğimizi pek sanmıyorum. Yalnızlığı daha da arttırıp insanı daha da mutsuzluğa saplayabilir. Bunları okumak belki bu sorunlara çözüm bulacak araçlara kafa yormaya yol açsa daha iyi olur.

[Orjada Cuedari · Rating 5 out of 5]

Un forum scientifico di nome "Edge" raccoglie i pareri di 153 menti illustri della nostra epoca in un' intervista che ha come oggetto principale l'ottimismo al presente proiettandolo al futuro con l'interesse di capire in che direzione sta andando il nostro avvenire. Alcuni relatori si basano su fatti scientifici e concreti ed è curioso sapere che in qualche modo nel 2007 erano già a conoscenza di cosa sarebbe accaduto oggi.
Quindi il mondo in che direzione sta andando? Leggetelo e lo scoprirete.

[Laurie]

This is a really interesting book, one of the most thought-provoking I've read, because it's just packed with fascinating ideas (and facts). I recommend this if you have at least a casual interest in science (that's me), because a lot of the contributors are scientists (and at one point it seemed to be one solar energy proponent after another. Which is okay).

I especially liked "The Decline of Violence" by Steven Pinker, "Evidence-Based Decision Making Will Transform Society" by J. Craig Venter, and "A New Contentism" by Kai Krause (which concludes with "We have freedom, in every sense, as never before in history, and we are ungrateful bastards about it!" I'm not anymore, if I ever was; that's why I wanted to read this book), and others. Themes include how much the world has improved up to our time and the value of evidence and proof over magic and belief. Each piece is quite short (many less than a page), so you can flip through and read at will. Matthew and I had many discussions sparked by this book. (I'm grateful that our daughter is not old enough yet to roll her eyes at our BOR-ING conversations about the state of the world. Many of the contributors are optimistic about our children and what they will accomplish, btw. Me too.)

[Alexandra · Rating 5 out of 5]

There were a few absolutely excellent articles in here, and I'm giving this four stars for their sake. Not all were great, though. Some of the articles were 90% gloomy with a bit of "but maybe things will turn out okay!" thrown in at the end. But there was astill a lot that was encouraging.
One other thought: Some of the things mentioned, such as (possible spoiler alert) the de-industrialization of knowledge and the decline of religion (end spoiler alert), were not things I necessarily feel optimistic about. That's something to be aware of when reading this: Just because someone else thinks something is a cause for optimism doesn't mean you will. But I understood going in that there would be things I didn't agree with, and I was okay with that. This book is meant by its very nature to be a collection of opinions. That's the beauty of it- you can read it and form your own conclusions, and learn to understand other people's opinions even if you don't agree with them.

[Ed · Rating 5 out of 5]

On grey fall days you need this book. After the media saturation with what is wrong, this book by leading and deeper thinkers in a wide variety of scientific and other fields gives hope. Really made me think differently on a huge range of topics. It is the form of short 2-4 page essays and so easy to dip into and jump around or simply read right through and feel cumulatively that there are upsides to our current situation as well as downsides that are also addressed in the book. This book will change your mind in subtle ways.

[Bradley · Rating 3 out of 5]

150+ big brains are asked "What are you optimistic about?"

This book contains there answers.

Fortunately the answer didn't turn out to be "Not much".

The question is loaded of course and I suspect a much bigger book gets to be written on the subject of "What are you pessimistic about"

It is quite fun but not a lot more, first published in 2007 some of the optimism seems to be occurring at the sort of pace usually reserved for conversations about rock formation.

However it is a nice tonic and a useful way of regaining some balance in a world obsessed with negativity.

[Alan · Rating 4 out of 5]

This is a collection of short (on avg. 1-2 page) essays from today's leading authors, scholars and thinkers, including such notables as Daniel Dennett, Marvin Minsky, and Philip Campbell (editor of Nature)... they all present positive-sided stories on topics ranging from quantum physics to medicine to environmental issues and make you feel good about progress, human nature and renew your faith in humankind's future potential in general.

[Emily Mellow · Rating 4 out of 5]

OK the first several essays are about how religion will finally fall on its face in the near future, so that is pretty exciting. I haven't found any topics that really held my interest as much since then though, and I am halfway through the book now. Kind of boring really, once you get past the "God is dead" stuff.
Still checking out the rest of the book, but not very eagerly.

[Joanne · Rating 2 out of 5]

It shows you how fast our world is changing - this book was compiled and edited in 2007 - and now most of it is already out of date, proved incorrect or things have moved in a new direction. Many of the writers had some very different views of things than I - especially in the areas of religion and education....actually got a little angry in spots!

[Ian Kloester · Rating 4 out of 5]

A great collection of easy to digest reasons to be hopeful for the world as told by some our leading scientists and thinkers. It's not just cutting edge research that gives hope, but also analysing the past compared to the present: the facts demonstrate a lot more progress than the doomsayers project. If you're a half-glass-full kinda person, you'll lap it up.

[Shishir · Rating 3 out of 5]

Globalization and Higher Education & Communications

National borders are breaking, Interchange and exchange of knowledge and sharing of wisdom. Intellectual wealth spreading
If any country might get disadvantaged through this it may be US due to lack of global knowledge amongst the Americans. At its own peril
Must learn to navigate cross culturally.

[Heather Browning · Rating 3 out of 5]

A mixed bag, some really interesting ideas and some quite generic ones; some well-written pieces and some that ramble. Overall there seemed to be a few themes that most writers stuck to - climate change, conflict, science and technological advance. It made me realise how truly pessimistic I am about the continued survival of the human race, which is a little scary.

[elissa]

I'm going to pick at this for awhile. It's interesting so far, but I'm not sure I'll make it through the whole thing.

There's a hold on this, so I need to give up and take it back now. I read about 1/3. I guess it was just too science-y for me. 5/31/10

[jools · Rating 3 out of 5]

A good book to dip in and out of. Some of the articles were a little repetitive in theme but on the whole, an interesting and light-hearted look at why we should look forward to the future written by some of the top people in their field.

[Clark · Rating 2 out of 5]

A pretty good light read to carry around for a while. I didn't go through the whole thing really, only read excerpts by the authors I really admire in it. The funny thing is that the book is kind of a downer. Smart people tend not to be too genuinely optimistic and in this book it really shows.

[PastAllReason · Rating 3 out of 5]

With the short essays it is good reading for when you have short times available.

[jamie · Rating 4 out of 5]

pretty interesting. a lot of the entries are informative as well as being... well, optimistic.

[Jenny J · Rating 2 out of 5]

scientists excitedly talking about the future--good for perusing occasionally.

[Jim]

interesting in short spurts. a good bathroom book. From the folks at Edge.com. Still reading it.

[Joshua Nomen-Mutatio · Rating 5 out of 5]

Read these online at theedge.org

[Jonathan]

None