Excerpt from History of Aurangzib Based on Original Sources, Vol. 1
In the very reign in which the Mughal crescent rounded to fulness and then began to wane visibly, the first glow of a new dawn was dis tinctly seen in our political Sky. The future lords of our country's destiny gained a firm and safe footing on its soil. Madras and Bombay became presidencies of the English East India Company in 1653 and 1687 respectively; Calcutta was founded in 1690. The shelter thus secured to the Europeans formed a dominion within a dominion, and was fortified to defy the greatest onslaughts of the country powers. The merchant adventurers here began their first experiments in Oriental government and legisla tion, - experiments which were destined in the fulness of time to result in an empire larger than that of the Romans and more populous than that of Charles V., and a civilised and progres sive administration to which the world, ancient or modern, affords no parallel.
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