The Exeter Book: An Anthology of Anglo-Saxon Poetry Presented to Exeter Cathedral by Loefric, First Bishop of Exeter (1050-1071), and Still in Possession of the Dean and Chapter
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The wise man must realize how ghostly it will be when all the wealth of this world stands waste, as now here and there throughout this middle-earth walls stand blasted by wind, beaten by frost, the buildings crumbling. The wine halls topple, their rulers lie deprived of all joys; the proud old troops all fell by the wall. War carried off some, sent them on the way, one a bird carried off over the high seas, one the gray wolf shared with death—and one a sad-faced man hid in an earthen grave. The ancient ruler of men thus wrecked this enclosure, until the old works of giants stood empty, without the sounds of their former citizens.1 He who deeply considers, with wise thoughts, this foundation and this dark life, old in spirit, often remembers so many ancient slaughters, and says these words: ‘Where have the horses gone? where are the riders? where is the giver of gold? Where are the seats of the feast? where are the joys of the hall? O the bright cup! O the brave warrior! O the glory of princes! How the time passed away, slipped into nightfall as if it had never been!’
from The Seafarer:
And now my spirit twists out of my breast, my spirit out in the waterways, over the whale's path it soars widely through all the corners of the world— it comes back to me eager and unsated; the lone-flier screams, urges onto the whale-road the unresisting heart across the waves of the sea. Indeed hotter for me are the joys of the Lord than this dead life fleeting on the land. I do not believe that the riches of the world will stand forever.
from The Riming Poem:
He who granted me life created this sun and graciously provided its radiant engine. I was gladdened with glees, bathed in bright hues, deluged with joy’s blossoms, sunshine-infused.
from Deor:
He sits sorrowful and anxious, bereft of joy, darkening in his mind, he thinks to himself it is endless his part of troubles; then he can consider that throughout this world the wise Lord always goes, to many men he shows honor, sure glory, to some a share of troubles.
from Wulf and Eadwacer:
Do you hear, Eadwacer? A wolf bears away our wretched cub to the woods. One can easily split what was never united, the song of the two of us.
from The Wife's Lament:
Commanded was I to dwell in a forest grove. Under an oak tree, in a cave—the earth’s chest. Old is this earth hall and I am filled with longing. Here is a gloomy valley, treacherous hills, bitter hedges, briars waxing, overgrown in this house without joy. Very often my cruel departure takes hold of me. Friends live on earth lying in bed with their beloveds while I in the time before dawn alone walk under oak tree. In the earth’s chest I sit many long summer days weeping for the misery of exile my many hardships; there I am never able to rest from my mind’s grief nor from all the longing that in this life takes hold of me.
from The Husband's Message:
At my master’s command I have often crossed the sea, Sailed in the ship’s hold to strange destinations. And this time I have come especially To sow assurance in your mind About my lord’s great love for you. I swear that you will find in him Great faith to you, great loyalty. O lady adorned with such lovely ornaments, He who carved the words in this wood Bids me ask you to remember The oaths you swore so long ago together; In those distant days you lived in the same country, Lived in love together, Sharing one estate in the beautiful city.
from The Ruin:
This masonry is wondrous; fates broke it courtyard pavements were smashed; the work of giants is decaying. Roofs are fallen, ruinous towers, the frosty gate with frost on cement is ravaged, chipped roofs are torn, fallen, undermined by old age. The grasp of the earth possesses the mighty builders, perished and fallen, the hard grasp of earth, until a hundred generations of people have departed.
Kind of cheating since I haven’t read every text within the Exeter book, but the ones I explored for my personal statement and interview prep really were fantastic. I never thought I’d enjoy old English works, yet the themes of poems like The Wanderer were just so easy to empathise with. So interesting to see how an anonymous work written thousands of years ago touches upon the same feelings of loneliness and companionship that humans experience today. Also very intrigued to see a poem from a female perspective in an anthology so old. A really eye opening collection of pieces that challenged my ideas about a period of literature I knew relatively little about.
I'm not usually one for poetry, especially old poetry. Having said that, I can see why The Wanderer is such an influential piece of work. It captures the sorrow of an old, abandoned warrior with such beauty and elegance.