The goal of Empowered is to approach popular misogyny as a structural force and to examine the relationship between popular feminism and popular misogyny. Specifically, how popular misogyny reacts against and challenges popular feminism. The authors argument is that popular feminism and popular misogyny are engrained in one another so it would be impossible to have one without the other.
The author studies popular feminism and defends it by saying that popular feminism has, “allowed us to imagine a culture in which feminism doesn’t have to be defended but rather, accessible and admired.” However, that does not mean that popular feminism doesn’t have its issues. Many parts of popular feminism are performative. For example, celebrity feminism gets more visibility than media that analyses patriarchal structures.
The author even mentions that popular feminism is white, middle-class, cis-gendered, and heterosexual and that is a problem with popular feminism. Due to this, the author doesn’t study Trans Feminism. This adds to the illusion that feminism will always be white, middle-class, cis-gendered, and heterosexual. I think it is entirely possible that the author could have made the argument while also examining trans feminism. She is adding to the structural issues of feminism by not making a space for branches of feminism. She mentions “transgender” only three times throughout her entire book and “trans” only five times. The author is better at examining Black feminism than trans feminism.
Having spoken with the author, I understand she made the decision to limit her discussion on trans feminism because at the time she had not read enough into it. I would encourage her to do so with her future research and I look forward to reading more from her.