This is an important book. The Bible tells the story of God’s salvation of sinners in Christ. But that story does not begin in Bethlehem. It begins, well, at the beginning, in the garden. Adam’s work and God’s rest set the stage for the rest of history.
Getting the Garden Right is a treatment of the Covenant of Works and the Sabbath.
The positive: This book has made me think more deeply about these issues than I otherwise would have. Barcellos treats the subject very thoroughly. Further, Barcellos is careful to say that those on the other side of this argument are not enemies, but friends.
The negative: The book covers these topics in a polemical fashion. So, a person is, for the most part, reading one side of an argument.
Also, because the book is a polemic, some issues are argued beyond the point that the average reader will care to be engaged. I believe the book would receive a wider reading if the author had taken a different approach.
As a part of the very thorough argumentation, conclusions are sometimes drawn based upon inferences that are being treated as if they are not inferences. Where this occurs, it does not completely discount the point Barcellos is making, because it is perhaps reason number 6 why this point is true. Leave off number 6, and there are still 5 other reasons. But, it occurs frequently enough to be a distraction to me.
The statement is made that if we do not get the garden right, we will misunderstand the rest of Scripture. The idea seems to be that we can only understand the work of Christ fully as we understand the events of Genesis 1-3 fully. Certainly, if we do not grasp the fall of Adam as our federal head, we will not give sufficient weight to the depravity of man and the redemption of Christ. However, much of the nuance of Genesis 1-3 that Barcellos is writing about is understood by reading the New Testament. It is, in effect, saying that because Jesus accomplished "x", "y" must be true of the fall. Based on this approach, it seems more correct to say that we only understand the enormity of what happened in the garden by understanding the full scope of Jesus's mediatorial work.
Excellent book, one of the best treatments of hermeneutics of the Reformed orthodoxy. Contains a very reasonable analysis of some peculiarities of NCT (New Covenant Theology), and interacts with it by presenting convincing case for the Covenant of Works and Christian Sabbath. I appreciated the author's irenic tone and how he built his arguments brick after brick explaining every step and answering objections, so in the end his case was solid like a brick wall. Tolle lege!
Very thorough — almost more than is necessary to prove the point. For those not well-versed in biblical languages, there will be many sections where you just have to trust that the author is doing the hermeneutical work rightly; but have no way for scholarly opponents to answer.
It definitely made me think more deeply about the Christian Sabbath, and I am thankful for men like Barcellos who love Christ and care so deeply that He is honored in His church.
I found this book extremely helpful in assessing Sabbatarian arguments from a Baptist Covenantal Theology. While a technical read, the book was helpful in understanding the scriptural and theological cases for the Christian sabbath. There are, however, several current arguments on this issue that Barcellos would do well to touch on in an updated edition of the book. Nonetheless, I found his book helpful and would recommend this to seminary-level readers!
This was a great book and I would recommend it for all Christians to read. It definitely helps to grasp a better understanding of the entire scope of Scripture, excellent hermeneutics to understand the Bible better and I think it has helped me and will continue to help me to love Jesus and my neighbor more.
"Understanding the garden of Eden is important in order to understand the Bible correctly. It sets the context for understanding man's identity and vocation, the Creator's rest as it relates to man, the fall, the first gospel promise of Genesis 3:15, the unfolding of that promise throughout the Old Testament, the relation of the Biblical covenants to that promise, ancient Israel's vocation, and, most importantly, the vocation of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ... Our Lord is both the last Adam and faithful Israel" (Barcellos, 271).
This book is very important. As a polemical work, it draws a clear line between covenant theology and new covenant theology (NCT), yet it does so in an irenic manner. Dr. Barcellos masterfully blends biblical exegesis, hermeneutical nuance, and historical theology in a way that is both engaging to the reader and palatable to both the layman and the pastor. This work lays out what I believe to be a faithful hermeneutic when examining the subjects of the covenant of works and the Christian Sabbath. These are two hotly debated subjects in our day and Dr. Barcellos does an excellent job in comparing the NCT and Covenant positions on these subjects in a fair yet firm manner.
I enjoyed this book and learned much from it. This book has much to offer the church and I hope it will build up and edify the church for years to come. I am grateful for Dr. Barcellos labor on this book and I highly recommend it as a useful, instructive, and edifying work.
1. That the christian's future hope is far greater than a return to Eden. (Our hope is not merely an end of sin BUT an advancement to a greater glory including a vision of God beyond anything received in Eden) 2. That the Covenant of Works included the promise of a greater future. 3. That the Sabbath was a creation ordinance (looking forward to that future hope) AND was moved from Saturday to Sunday by Christ NOT abolished. (The original Sabbath commemorated the completion of creation and awaited a future rest, since Christ we commemorate the completion of his redemptive work, his resurrection and hence the inauguration of the New Creation) 4. That these things are heavily interrelated. 5. That consistent biblical hermeneutics leads to these points, and modern rejection of each of the above has involve poor hermeneutics that has other problematic implications also.
This book is incredibly useful at challenging pervasive errors in modern evangelicalism and helping us to return to sounder paths.
A formidable defense of the Lord's Day as the Christian Sabbath. It is grounded in creation, commemorative of redemption, and anticipates the final rest we will enter into. Christ has entered into this rest and secured it for us. It is our natural duty as image-bearers to imitate our maker, who from the beginning exemplified a day of rest. God rested for our sake, not for his sake. The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.
That we celebrate the Lord's Day on the first day of the week, the day of Christ's resurrection, is appropriate to his Lordship and epoch-changing act of New Creation. Jesus is Lord of the Sabbath, he governs and regulates it, and we now imitate him in our practice of it.
Nitpick: There were some long John Owen block quotes. I needed some hand-holding with them.
I have enjoyed the CBTS lectures on the Decalogue and the Sabbath by John English Lee as a follow-up to this book.
A thorough treatment on the covenant of works and the Lord's Day. Barcellos leaves no stone unturned and he shows his work with exceptional tenacity. This is a work worthy of respect and needs to be heeded. The covenant of works really should be received by all churches, and a recovery of the doctrine of the Sabbath is also of utmost importance. These things were basic to Protestants before the long night of modernity set in. This book helps bring back some light.
This book was quite helpful in working through the question of the Sabbath, especially regarding the exegetical, theological, and hermeneutical differences between Reformed Baptist theology and more modern perspectives like New Covenant Theology. The Sabbath really does help to expose one’s overarching theological system and foundational principles of interpretation. Barcellos is sharp and utilizes older sources well, even if his writing style is, at times, repetitive and dull.
A good overview of the historical-redemptive hermeneutic as it applies specifically to understanding the Covenant of Works existing in the Garden of Eden. It is strongest when it helps the reader know how to approach scripture and pull out some of the riches of the inferences and implications. There is also a lengthy argument about the continuation of the Sabbath as exemplified in the Lord’s Day—an expression of the final rest awaiting all creation in the New Heavens and the New Earth.
Barcellos is very thorough, sometimes to the point of tedium. Because the bigger themes of the book are couched within a polemic against a sub-section of Calvinistic Baptists, it keeps the real riches of the book from wider usefulness to the church, hiding them away for the diligent and curious seminarian. Still, there are moments I found immensely helpful scattered throughout lots of pages of elaborate and dense argumentation that attempted to dot every i and cross every t.
This is an outstanding work from Richard Barcellos. Through biblical, systematic, and historical theology, he defends the confessional understanding of the Covenant of Works and the doctrine of the Christian Sabbath while also providing a firm, irenic, and persuasive critique of New Covenant Theology (NCT). While a polemical work, Barcellos strives to present NCT accurately while emphasizing points of agreement as often as possible. He writes with the hope that his friends who embrace NCT will continue to develop and refine their positions and be more consistent in the application of their hermeneutical principles.
While the book deals primarily with discussions within Baptist/NCT circles, it is still a valuable resource that will serve all believers regardless of one's interest in NCT, especially his introductory chapter on hermeneutics.
Dr. Richard Barcellos has delivered a long awaited book which is deeply theological and biblical. My main purpose for getting the book was to read the second part on the Christian Sabbath. There he provides a deeply biblical case for a Christian Sabbath on the Lord's Day. He examines all the relevant texts concerning the Sabbath and always building upon what he said before. He lays a foundations and continues building upon it to construct a strong biblical case for the Lord's Day Sabbath.
The discussion of the Covenant of Works was likewise helpful and deeply theological, aware of the literature on both sides of the debate. The discussion of the creation of man, the image of God and Eden as a temple were very eye-opening and clear.
Barcellos knows how to be technical yet understandable. This is an excellent book which I will often revisit because of the many insights which it offers.
Overall, it's a very great book. A major part separate historical/confessionnal defense with Biblical and hermeneutical defense. I didn't much appreciate the fact that it's mostly a polemical book. I would have appreciate it to be more a defense of orthodoxy without all those parts on the NCT. But in summary, it's well written and some parts are very great.
A must-read for any Reformed Christian who wants to understand the breadth of historical, confessional and biblical theology on the Sabbath and Covenant of Works. Especially from a historic Reformed Baptist perspective, and against the modern NCT perspective.
What I liked: - Barcellos is thorough. He gets technical where he needs to and isn’t afraid to quote a variety of authors, get into the Greek/Hebrew and compare many passages of Scripture. - It’s polemical enough while still friendly when critiquing the opposing views from the NCT side. - It provides a great set of apologetics for the Sabbath. While I feel like Barcellos’ method of summarising these arguments in succinct form could have been done better (though this is primarily an academic book), there is a wealth of information to mine and refer back to - particularly with Hebrews 4:9-10 and Revelation 1:10. - The structure - starting with the CoW and then moving onto the Sabbath constructs a very coherent argument.
What I didn’t like: - Though this is an academic work, I found some sections of this book a bit dry. Particularly the chapter on Adam’s Identity and Vocation. - The extensive quoting sometimes interrupts the flow of his arguments. Quoting Owen, Martin and other authors is definitely necessary for a book like this, but perhaps a more tactful approach could work. Though this is forgivable - going back through and re-reading sections helps. - I felt like a chapter on the perpetuity of the Decalogue as a whole in particular was missing, since I feel like it is a strong argument. Though Barcellos does note in the chapter on Exodus that he won’t get to all of the arguments (and perhaps he covered it in his earlier book, but that’s out of print). Maybe a second book? - Super minor so I won’t let this detract from my score, but the first section on the CoW is very similar in structure to his other book on the same topic (in the Recovering our Confessional Heritage series), which I already recently read. So not much new info there. Might be good to know.
A very well researched defense for the Sabbath being a creation ordinance, and for it being still applicable to Christians today as being the first day of the week. I liked how the author progressively built his argument using the whole canon of scripture...Genesis, the prophets, Psalms, the Gospels, Hebrews 4 and Revelation. It was particularly helpful how the author showed the parallels of how Jesus rested from his redemptive work on the day of his ressurection, which paralleled God's 7th day rest after his creational work in Genesis 2. Certainly the Biblical evidence (and from writings of the apostolic fathers) is strong that Christians gathered for worship on Sundays. Jesus also seems to have made special post-ressurection appearances to his disciples on Sundays. From the earliest days of the church, Sunday gatherings of Christians was clearly established. My only criticism of the book is I wish the author could have spent more time discussing what it means in a practical sense for a Christian to honor the Sabbath on Sunday. Is it primarily focused on worship and going to Church on Sunday? But on the other extreme, it seems too legalistic to apply the OT Sabbath laws to Christians today. This was briefly discussed in the book when he expounded on Matthew 12:1-8. I only wish more time was dedicated to considering all the practical ways a Christian can honor the Sabbath in our modern time.
The purpose of the book is to address the nascent New Covenant Theology and their understanding of both the Covenant of Works and the sabbath. It's a niche book for a niche audience, but still I highly recommend it. Not only did it clear up many questions I had regarding the sabbath, but it is a great (great!) example of charity, clarity, precision, and hermeneutics.
It's a masterclass in hermeneutics and how to carefully read verses in the right order to address a theological question. Barcellos walks you slowly through Natural Law, creation, covenants, and prophecy, quoting mostly from John Owen, all leading to the climax of discussing Hebrews 4:9-10. Certainly this was for me the most confusing verses on who exactly is resting where when we are discussing the sabbath.
By the time you get there, the structure is in place for him to convince you of his argument. But he doesn't fumble. He again carefully shows you his work and his arguments for his interpretation. Many time going over my head in his handling of the Greek.
Throughout, Barcellos's character comes through as someone who desires to treat his fellow interlocuters with respect.
The only negative I mention is that it can be rather slow and dense at times. He's not the most exciting writer. But it pays off!
“Adam was under the law of works. His obedience would have earned him and those he represented the reward of life. Though Adam failed to obey and enter rest as a result of his obedience, our Lord faithfully carried out His vocation, evidenced by His resurrection. The Sabbath, from the beginning, had an eschatological focus which was attained by our Lord for us and for our salvation. Its function with old covenant Israel had various aspects, but its ultimate purpose was to symbolize and point to the state of glory, a state of existence to which Adam failed to attain but which was attained by our Lord. The Lord's Day is a celebration of the fact that our Lord Jesus entered rest and, as a result, believers in Christ will receive the fullness of rest in the age to come.” (p. 271)
Barcellos excellently produces a robustly biblical and historical presentation of the confessionally reformed understanding of both the Covenant of Works and the Lord’s Day as the Christian Sabbath through dialogue with proponents of various veins of New Covenant Theology.
A great work on recovering the biblical teaching of Christian sabbath. This book was very helpful on understanding the role of Adam in the garden and the Rest of God. I am a layperson, and I do recommend this to lay people,with a caveat, that it must be read carefully. It’s strength is that it clearly lays out the rest that Adam would attained had he not fell into sin. Another aspect is how the book lays out the reason for why Christians gather on Sunday for many reasons including the resurrection of Christ. A lot of the arguments about new covenant theology seem relevant to the majority of the evangelical church. I’d love to see a renewed love for Lords day worship and I believe this book could help.
Barcellos is clear in his arguments and charitable in his disagreements. In part, Barcellos fills this book with cogent argument on a number of topic related the covenant of works and the Christian sabbath. In whole, Barcellos secondary and tertiary arguments distracted from his main argument. It’s strange to learn a lot from a book without actually knowing if you truly understood it. For anyone new to Baptist covenant theology and it’s arguments for the Christian sabbath (like me), this book isn’t helpful. Barcellos heavily engages with other scholars from a NCT perspective. I’m sure that those well-seasoned in this debate know the issues enough to benefit from Barcellos’s treatment. As a newbie, I should have stared elsewhere.
This book is very narrow in its focus. The author is a confessional Reformed Baptist, writing from a Covenant Theology perspective. He specifically critiques the New Covenant Theology view of the covenant of works and the Sabbath. I thought the first few chapters were the best. They gave some important hermeneutical principles and showed the scriptural basis for the covenant of works. The rest of the book on the Sabbath was also good but it got way too technical for me at the end. I gave it 4 stars because he spent so much time including huge quotes from other authors that I thought it took away from his argument and made things more confusing (especially in the last few chapters). Overall I learned a lot though!
This book is a very intelligent, fair, and helpful refutation of New Covenant Theology. Primarily, Barcellos is arguing against our NCT brothers by showing their errors on the Adamic Covenant of Works and the Sabbath, and he does both of these exceptionally well. Though it is written at a technical level and is an exhaustive treatment of the subject, it is written in such a way that I expect that someone new to the debate could understand exactly what Barcellos is saying.
"The end is the beginning glorrifed, an end to which the beginning pointed." -pg. 114-
Eschatology precedes soteriology. Barcellos masterfully shows the biblical basis for the covenant of works and affirms the Lord's day Christian Sabbath. He brings to light the trends of new covenant theologians and their denying of these doctrines, and he exposes their incorrect hermeneutics using specific examples from their works. This is a polemical work, yet done in an irenical fashion.
Mind blown and Faith fueled! This book is packed with scripture references, scholarly insights, and thought-provoking arguments. I found myself rereading sections, eager to 'examine the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so' (Acts 17:11). The author’s humble and gentle spirit shines through. This is a good one for Covenant Theology believers and those wanting to better grasp the Christian Sabbath.
Exceptional. I’ve been a card carrying Progressive Covenantalist for a while now. But I think progressive covenentalism doesn’t quite get the Sabbath right.
I’m not sure where that puts me in terms of a camp. I’m still not fully on board with the tripartite division of the law in 1689 Federalism. But I do think classic covenant theology gets the Sabbath right. Make the Lord’s Day great again!
This was a tough one! There were times I was comforted, I enjoyed it as well... but man there were times I was trudging through the reading.
The author went into incredible detail and you can tell the effort that was put into this book. While some of it went entirely over my head, I am still glad I read it. I have gained a better understanding and grown in knowledge concerning the topics of an Edenic Covenant and the Sabbath day.