This book is five stars in some regards and zero in others. The main five-star aspect is the obviously large amount of research it took to draw together and organize so many legends and their myriad variations together into one volume. The acknowledgments section shows how many libraries and archives the author consulted. To this end, such books are important as they bring to light otherwise forgotten tales and they elucidate social beliefs common to 1890s gold rush and later prospectors and explorers of the Canadian north and the obvious interest fantastic tales had for the newspaper-reading southern Canadian. These stories could help expand our understanding of social mores and how early settlers related to their natural world. Unfortunately, it seems like the author is also writing from the 1890s, as such analysis is lacking.
There are several zero-star aspects. The first is the author’s antiquated writing towards First Nations. While fortunately not calling them “savages”, almost the entire book they are called “Indians” and terms like “tribe” and “brave” also make appearances. Further, FN are presented with just the barest agency of their own. Their actions can either be categorized as conveying legends to white settlers (in the legends the natives are usually scared by creatures or long-lost tribes in the Nahanni, or scared of the valley itself) or working in service of white settlers. They are slightly exotic and certainly “othered” despite the Nahanni Valley being their ancestral territory. I thought that for a book published in 2018 we were beyond such caricatures. Throwing in a Pierre Burton quote from 1947 saying that the legend of the Headless Valley is one of the few pieces of “bone fide” folklore in Canada (!) doesn’t help.
The second problem is the lack of any scholarly grounding from any academic discipline - sociology, psychology, anthropology, First Nations studies, or even from researchers who specialize in folk tales. Scientific subjects like geography and geology make appearances not for the science itself but for the actual scientists who went into the Nahanni to map it and were fortunately able to dispel some of these legends. Without scholarly grounding we are not able to get an adequate modern perspective on these legends. We are left at the same perspective as someone reading a “boys’ own” tale from the 1910s and half believing it all. Any academic research into folk tales will show how the tale actually says a lot about the society at the time. To me, this would have been very interesting. While the legends themselves are important enough to be told, I think taking the analysis further, even if the author isn’t an expert in anthropology, to tie it into northern Canadian frontier settler culture would have been most welcome. The author says that he consulted locals, but his biggest assistance was from “experts” in “Fortean” or unexplained phenomena. This raised obvious alarm bells for the unsceptical Ancient Aliens treatment I feared. I’m happy that the author did say when some of the legends are clearly that, but for many of the chapters the reader is left with a “well, maybe...” suggestion that I think an academically-rigorous, more sceptical treatment would avoid.
The third big problem I have is with the book formatting itself. Using a heavily-serifed “Wild West” font for the entire book while not justifying the right margin does not for an easy read make. Further, it makes the book look like it is one of those print-to-order copies of 19th century public domain books hastily scanned and sold on Amazon. I had to do some research to convince myself that it was actually published in 2018. Vanity publishing should try to hide the fact that it’s vanity publishing.
Overall, great job to the author for the Herculean task of gathering and presenting these valuable legends. However, I cannot overlook the antiquated treatment of First Nations and the fact that the author couldn’t rise above the legends themselves to present them in a modern, academically-rigorous light.