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The Job: Work and Its Future in a Time of Radical Change
Critically acclaimed journalist Ellen Ruppel Shell uncovers the true cost--political, economic, social, and personal--of America's mounting anxiety over jobs, and what we can do to regain control over our working lives.
Since 1973, our productivity has grown almost six times faster than our wages. Most of us rank so far below the top earners in the country that the "winners" might as well inhabit another planet. But work is about much more than earning a living. Work gives us our identity, and a sense of purpose and place in this world. And yet, work as we know it is under siege.
Through exhaustive reporting and keen analysis, The Job reveals the startling truths and unveils the pervasive myths that have colored our thinking on one of the most urgent issues of our day: how to build good work in a globalized and digitalized world where middle class jobs seem to be slipping away. Traveling from deep in Appalachia to the heart of the Midwestern rust belt, from a struggling custom clothing maker in Massachusetts to a thriving co-working center in Minnesota, she marshals evidence from a wide range of disciplines to show how our educational system, our politics, and our very sense of self have been held captive to and distorted by outdated notions of what it means to get and keep a good job. We read stories of sausage makers, firefighters, zookeepers, hospital cleaners; we hear from economists, computer scientists, psychologists, and historians. The book's four sections take us from the challenges we face in scoring a good job today to work's infinite possibilities in the future. Work, in all its richness, complexity, rewards and pain, is essential for people to flourish. Ellen Ruppel Shell paints a compelling portrait of where we stand today, and points to a promising and hopeful way forward.
Since 1973, our productivity has grown almost six times faster than our wages. Most of us rank so far below the top earners in the country that the "winners" might as well inhabit another planet. But work is about much more than earning a living. Work gives us our identity, and a sense of purpose and place in this world. And yet, work as we know it is under siege.
Through exhaustive reporting and keen analysis, The Job reveals the startling truths and unveils the pervasive myths that have colored our thinking on one of the most urgent issues of our day: how to build good work in a globalized and digitalized world where middle class jobs seem to be slipping away. Traveling from deep in Appalachia to the heart of the Midwestern rust belt, from a struggling custom clothing maker in Massachusetts to a thriving co-working center in Minnesota, she marshals evidence from a wide range of disciplines to show how our educational system, our politics, and our very sense of self have been held captive to and distorted by outdated notions of what it means to get and keep a good job. We read stories of sausage makers, firefighters, zookeepers, hospital cleaners; we hear from economists, computer scientists, psychologists, and historians. The book's four sections take us from the challenges we face in scoring a good job today to work's infinite possibilities in the future. Work, in all its richness, complexity, rewards and pain, is essential for people to flourish. Ellen Ruppel Shell paints a compelling portrait of where we stand today, and points to a promising and hopeful way forward.
392 pages, Kindle Edition
First published October 23, 2018
66 people are currently reading
851 people want to read
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Displaying 1 - 21 of 21 reviews
April 19, 2019
I bought this on a whim. The authors focus is singularly and squarely on the US of A. As an Indian, early on I felt that I wouldn't get a lot of mileage out of this. However, this is just so good, in my opinion because it unravels the psychology of the Job Seeker, and the fact that we think that we are not good enough because we don't get the job offers that we want, that we don't have the "skillset" to succeed in today's modern digital economy.
Fact of the matter is that the main goal of the Corporations is to maximize shareholder value and the easiest to implement thing is to just squeeze that last productive bit out of the worker while giving them shit pay and over working them, so that when their families ask them - why were you working so late? The true answer is that I was busy maximizing shareholder value.
She takes a look at the future prospects for work, including UBI and while that portion isn't very long its pretty dense with ideas.
I think the takeaway message is that humans like to own their work because its a reflection of who they are, their philosophy and their creativity. Work, especially in communities is tied to a betterment of social ties and many other benefits.
Going into the future, I think there is going to be ample scope for human creativity. However, it is going to be certainly difficult for anyone who thinks that they will spend their lives on a factory floor, screwing widgets in and still get a good job and retirement benefits.
Her contention is that humans won't be able to compete with machines in mass-market situations. However, in the world there is a lot of niches to explore and people who have ambitions to create niche products and other such specialties will not be at a loss for finding and creating rewarding work for themselves and their communities that also pay well.
Fact of the matter is that the main goal of the Corporations is to maximize shareholder value and the easiest to implement thing is to just squeeze that last productive bit out of the worker while giving them shit pay and over working them, so that when their families ask them - why were you working so late? The true answer is that I was busy maximizing shareholder value.
She takes a look at the future prospects for work, including UBI and while that portion isn't very long its pretty dense with ideas.
I think the takeaway message is that humans like to own their work because its a reflection of who they are, their philosophy and their creativity. Work, especially in communities is tied to a betterment of social ties and many other benefits.
Going into the future, I think there is going to be ample scope for human creativity. However, it is going to be certainly difficult for anyone who thinks that they will spend their lives on a factory floor, screwing widgets in and still get a good job and retirement benefits.
Her contention is that humans won't be able to compete with machines in mass-market situations. However, in the world there is a lot of niches to explore and people who have ambitions to create niche products and other such specialties will not be at a loss for finding and creating rewarding work for themselves and their communities that also pay well.
September 23, 2022
DNF @ 50%.
I was really excited to read this book, and I tried with it, but it just fell flat. I was looking for a futurist take on work rooted in radical leftist ideology—what work could be—and this was just another neoliberal veneration of nordic cultures with little in the way of novel ideas. Oh well.
I was really excited to read this book, and I tried with it, but it just fell flat. I was looking for a futurist take on work rooted in radical leftist ideology—what work could be—and this was just another neoliberal veneration of nordic cultures with little in the way of novel ideas. Oh well.
March 9, 2019
A fine critical synthesis of various challenges that have become much more punctuated in the past decade on finding good jobs for all people across the socio-economic cuts in the United States.
Over the past few years policy, people and industry have said many things about the nature of work and the skills Americans may or may not have to compete for positions in the future. What this book does is casts reasoned doubts on many of these well-worn narratives. Especially those that revolve around a supposed "skills-gap" that exists among most of the nations under/unemployed.
The author makes several valid points on the self-serving nature of industry touting this gap, lobbying for greater federal/social investment on minimizing skill, and benefiting from the anticipated increase in new labour flowing into the market with these skills, as a tactic to weaken labour's capability to push for higher wages. Whether this process is actually true is a matter of the data, and I'll leave the economist and labour data folks to construct that argument in book or report from. The books point on this front though is to even target skills as it were for large-scale investment (private or public) is probably folly, as it's even unclear what skills are actually productive in the workforce. Towards the end of the section on this topic, the author reveals there are several studies that suggest that "technical: skills like coding are now what brings above-average annual income and YoY growth on the income individual commands. No, it's evidently "analytic/reasoning" skills that yield these rewards according to several papers. Thus, all of the focus and capital going into code academies and boot camp may be offering up the wrong entree to their customers.
Some of these arguments are slight skews of the statistics, but a mostly true representation of what is probably happening on the ground. The author points out other things already pointed out several times before but should be made fresh about the nature of skill-building, especially in the context of education. For one, for most employers colleges are less manufacturing shops to build technicians that fill high skilled jobs, but more like filters that subsets out "undesirable" socio-economic cuts of the population. Perhaps more generously stated, a criterion to hire people more like the people who already work in highly desirable venues of employment. A good read on this phenomenon is Duff Macdonald's books on McKinsey and HBS, though this is definitely true of less prestigious firms and probably of many "non-elite" companies as well. It seems to be a function of human sociology.
Among other things covered here is a critical view of the gig economy, the lack of meaningful work (or good work), which are jobs that provide us agency of our lives. These can be highly demanding or not, but even a well-paid job that provides little agency in one's life may end up being a bad job, as the author illustrates from a short story of a late 20 something who graduated from an ivy and was recruited into an elite consulting gig finds out. One thing that is often not reported by many in pop-business books is that policies promoting startups and small businesses are misplaced as tools to expand quality employment. Many of these firms will at most provide occupation for the owners, and thus not build jobs net to the replacement of the founders from their previous work to the startup. Silicon Valley is not a policy fix for America's job woes. Though the contrary side will state that this may be, the very select that do make it often do net jobs, it's effectively a Pareto phenomenon. Maybe, but the author also points out that many of the jobs the valley are hiring for cannot (or will not) take any old joe. Despite the notion of meritocracy, the barrier to entry for these jobs are still very high.
The author doesn't leave the reader with no recommendations though. The last quarter or so of the book is dedicated to outlining some partial solutions that are in place now and suggest ones for the future. These include a kind of maker-space/labor-friendly workspace model where people can work together as their own SME so to speak and find meaningful employment this way (well call this the "We-work" model), an analysis of Finlands job solutions, which includes a subsidizing of job-search and self development to husband people during transition, and even a community college system in the midwest that seeks to push people from manufacturing to new good jobs (with mixed effects). The author also outlines some exemplary companies like QT. Pretty good summary of the state of affairs. Not really revolutionary, won't provide any new information to those who keep up with this topic, still well-executed book and thoughtful. Recommended
Over the past few years policy, people and industry have said many things about the nature of work and the skills Americans may or may not have to compete for positions in the future. What this book does is casts reasoned doubts on many of these well-worn narratives. Especially those that revolve around a supposed "skills-gap" that exists among most of the nations under/unemployed.
The author makes several valid points on the self-serving nature of industry touting this gap, lobbying for greater federal/social investment on minimizing skill, and benefiting from the anticipated increase in new labour flowing into the market with these skills, as a tactic to weaken labour's capability to push for higher wages. Whether this process is actually true is a matter of the data, and I'll leave the economist and labour data folks to construct that argument in book or report from. The books point on this front though is to even target skills as it were for large-scale investment (private or public) is probably folly, as it's even unclear what skills are actually productive in the workforce. Towards the end of the section on this topic, the author reveals there are several studies that suggest that "technical: skills like coding are now what brings above-average annual income and YoY growth on the income individual commands. No, it's evidently "analytic/reasoning" skills that yield these rewards according to several papers. Thus, all of the focus and capital going into code academies and boot camp may be offering up the wrong entree to their customers.
Some of these arguments are slight skews of the statistics, but a mostly true representation of what is probably happening on the ground. The author points out other things already pointed out several times before but should be made fresh about the nature of skill-building, especially in the context of education. For one, for most employers colleges are less manufacturing shops to build technicians that fill high skilled jobs, but more like filters that subsets out "undesirable" socio-economic cuts of the population. Perhaps more generously stated, a criterion to hire people more like the people who already work in highly desirable venues of employment. A good read on this phenomenon is Duff Macdonald's books on McKinsey and HBS, though this is definitely true of less prestigious firms and probably of many "non-elite" companies as well. It seems to be a function of human sociology.
Among other things covered here is a critical view of the gig economy, the lack of meaningful work (or good work), which are jobs that provide us agency of our lives. These can be highly demanding or not, but even a well-paid job that provides little agency in one's life may end up being a bad job, as the author illustrates from a short story of a late 20 something who graduated from an ivy and was recruited into an elite consulting gig finds out. One thing that is often not reported by many in pop-business books is that policies promoting startups and small businesses are misplaced as tools to expand quality employment. Many of these firms will at most provide occupation for the owners, and thus not build jobs net to the replacement of the founders from their previous work to the startup. Silicon Valley is not a policy fix for America's job woes. Though the contrary side will state that this may be, the very select that do make it often do net jobs, it's effectively a Pareto phenomenon. Maybe, but the author also points out that many of the jobs the valley are hiring for cannot (or will not) take any old joe. Despite the notion of meritocracy, the barrier to entry for these jobs are still very high.
The author doesn't leave the reader with no recommendations though. The last quarter or so of the book is dedicated to outlining some partial solutions that are in place now and suggest ones for the future. These include a kind of maker-space/labor-friendly workspace model where people can work together as their own SME so to speak and find meaningful employment this way (well call this the "We-work" model), an analysis of Finlands job solutions, which includes a subsidizing of job-search and self development to husband people during transition, and even a community college system in the midwest that seeks to push people from manufacturing to new good jobs (with mixed effects). The author also outlines some exemplary companies like QT. Pretty good summary of the state of affairs. Not really revolutionary, won't provide any new information to those who keep up with this topic, still well-executed book and thoughtful. Recommended
December 14, 2020
Led me to some aha moments. Highlighted some of the key problems:
1. Many middle-class jobs are eliminated by automation and people often don't get the job the want despite their best intentions or how well they performed in past roles/education. The common slogan "our country lacks skilled workers" is often a myth. Employers just want highly-experienced workers, often those moving from other companies. Can't blame the companies though, maybe that's gov's domain to create some scheme.
2. Many tied their identity to their job or the coolness of the company they work for. As a result, if something happened at work it would be an assault to personal identity.
3. Key to job satisfaction is not just your job but also how you choose to enjoy it. Even people who work reportedly demeaning jobs with low pay (such as zookeepers) can report high level of job satisfaction provided they focus and throw their heart at it.
4. This one is already common discourse - bachelor degree is overrated. Vocational schools might be a better option for some countries.
And many more. There's case studies of American regions such as Kentucky which lost a lot of jobs to the closure of car factories, and the secret to Finland's educational system. Overall, enlightening and thought provoking. There are good solutions proposed too at the end of the book: employee-ownership schemes (where companies offer loaned stocks to incentivize employees to have a sense of ownership) and cooperatives, although ofc it's not panacea to all the problems.
1. Many middle-class jobs are eliminated by automation and people often don't get the job the want despite their best intentions or how well they performed in past roles/education. The common slogan "our country lacks skilled workers" is often a myth. Employers just want highly-experienced workers, often those moving from other companies. Can't blame the companies though, maybe that's gov's domain to create some scheme.
2. Many tied their identity to their job or the coolness of the company they work for. As a result, if something happened at work it would be an assault to personal identity.
3. Key to job satisfaction is not just your job but also how you choose to enjoy it. Even people who work reportedly demeaning jobs with low pay (such as zookeepers) can report high level of job satisfaction provided they focus and throw their heart at it.
4. This one is already common discourse - bachelor degree is overrated. Vocational schools might be a better option for some countries.
And many more. There's case studies of American regions such as Kentucky which lost a lot of jobs to the closure of car factories, and the secret to Finland's educational system. Overall, enlightening and thought provoking. There are good solutions proposed too at the end of the book: employee-ownership schemes (where companies offer loaned stocks to incentivize employees to have a sense of ownership) and cooperatives, although ofc it's not panacea to all the problems.
July 30, 2019
This is a fine, but overly broad look at the current state of work in America. Shell discusses ideas like Universal Basic Income, the supposed "skills gap" that many executives claim our population has, the problems that have come with technology and automation, and Finland's quick educational and professional growth in the last several decades. Each chapter delves into an idea such as these, provides several anecdotes and expert interviews to discuss the broad strokes of the issue, and then ends. This works well in some cases, but the bottom line is that if you already have a passing familiarity with these ideas, then you probably won't glean too much more from these chapters. And when every chapter follows this exact formula, and you realize that likely you won't get the depth you might be looking for, the reading can become a bit of a chore.
That's not to say the book had no surprises for me - some of the statistics she cites are truly staggering, and some folks she interviewed sum up perfectly the US's poor modern relationship with work. But Shell's strategy is to provide many anecdotes that all point to a relatively vague conclusion in each chapter, without delving into solutions as to how to go about it (ex, she says that we need to have the political willpower to explore ideas like shorter work weeks. Great, but HOW we do that could be the subject of a whole book on its own). Shell essentially admits this toward the beginning of the book, saying that these aren't easy questions with easy solution, and that "...My intention in what follows is to challenge received wisdom and provoke new thinking, not swamp you with my own views." And while the scope of this book is large already, she's a careful and logical enough author that I think the book would have benefited from being a bit more argumentative - I think she could've struck a good balance between anecdote and argument, it would've given the book a little more personality and grit, and it would've helped it be more useful beyond being a basic primer of these issues.
In the end, I couldn't help but wish that Shell had cut some the breadth for a little more depth, or had cut some anecdotes in favor of making an argument or offering solutions. Again, this isn't to say she doesn't ever do these things - it just isn't enough to make this a very compelling work for me. If you're looking for a broad look at the state of work in the US (and occasionally other parts of the world) though, this book should be a solid, if not slightly tedious introduction.
That's not to say the book had no surprises for me - some of the statistics she cites are truly staggering, and some folks she interviewed sum up perfectly the US's poor modern relationship with work. But Shell's strategy is to provide many anecdotes that all point to a relatively vague conclusion in each chapter, without delving into solutions as to how to go about it (ex, she says that we need to have the political willpower to explore ideas like shorter work weeks. Great, but HOW we do that could be the subject of a whole book on its own). Shell essentially admits this toward the beginning of the book, saying that these aren't easy questions with easy solution, and that "...My intention in what follows is to challenge received wisdom and provoke new thinking, not swamp you with my own views." And while the scope of this book is large already, she's a careful and logical enough author that I think the book would have benefited from being a bit more argumentative - I think she could've struck a good balance between anecdote and argument, it would've given the book a little more personality and grit, and it would've helped it be more useful beyond being a basic primer of these issues.
In the end, I couldn't help but wish that Shell had cut some the breadth for a little more depth, or had cut some anecdotes in favor of making an argument or offering solutions. Again, this isn't to say she doesn't ever do these things - it just isn't enough to make this a very compelling work for me. If you're looking for a broad look at the state of work in the US (and occasionally other parts of the world) though, this book should be a solid, if not slightly tedious introduction.
June 19, 2019
On her first page, Shell tells us “Work holds …..over us.” The rest of the book is a guide line to understand what is, what it does to us, and how work “works” for us humans.
She reminds us that work demands that we give our “selves” as well our times, skills, and effect.” (p. 20)’
Across the book, we get plenty of material from other authors who have written about the role of work in our lives. This theme arises early in the book (p. 40) with the insights that White saw in The Organizational Man “told us that “The problem of distinguishing between work and the rest of life….” (p. 40)
In a few pages, she also recognizes that the nature of “work” is changing quickly in ways that we could not have imaged just a few years ago. For example, “Uber will eliminate all job of driving (p. 75). He adds Robots don’t have to be perfect. They need to be better than workers.” (p. 81)
In subsequent chapters, she takes stances against the likes of Frederick Taylor and Betsy DeVos (US Secretary of Education). She cites the recent very popular book Hillbilly Elegy as a case study what’s gone wrong with the employment process in the US.
In the final pages, Shell blames the US government for the changes in how we think of employment and predicts that half of all working Americans will be working independently from a company, a firm, or organization.
The tone of the book does not lift our spirits about the future of work. At the same time, it challenges us to make plans for the future.
She reminds us that work demands that we give our “selves” as well our times, skills, and effect.” (p. 20)’
Across the book, we get plenty of material from other authors who have written about the role of work in our lives. This theme arises early in the book (p. 40) with the insights that White saw in The Organizational Man “told us that “The problem of distinguishing between work and the rest of life….” (p. 40)
In a few pages, she also recognizes that the nature of “work” is changing quickly in ways that we could not have imaged just a few years ago. For example, “Uber will eliminate all job of driving (p. 75). He adds Robots don’t have to be perfect. They need to be better than workers.” (p. 81)
In subsequent chapters, she takes stances against the likes of Frederick Taylor and Betsy DeVos (US Secretary of Education). She cites the recent very popular book Hillbilly Elegy as a case study what’s gone wrong with the employment process in the US.
In the final pages, Shell blames the US government for the changes in how we think of employment and predicts that half of all working Americans will be working independently from a company, a firm, or organization.
The tone of the book does not lift our spirits about the future of work. At the same time, it challenges us to make plans for the future.
October 13, 2019
Well, duh, people need jobs to buy stuff.
If this is the limit of your vision on jobs then this book may not be for you. This book deals more with the psychology and very human need to keep busy, contribute and feel productive.
It then gets into the many ways in which good jobs are disappearing to efficiency, automation, cheaper labor outside the U.S.A. and demand for actual quality items versus cheap "one size fits all" products that can be mass produced.
The way education in the United States plays a role in job readiness but not necessarily life readiness gets a good review.
Shell then gets into several ideas that may, or may not, work to keep Americans employed or innovative or at least not living under a bridge. The summarized recap of ideas starts on page 319.
All in all, a good read or reminder on the benefits of providing Americans a means to go be a part of the workforce and the importance of public and private sectors to find ways to provide them.
Not mentioned was the pride one feels in being able to pay their way by earning a paycheck. Many of societies problems, (drugs, homelessness, health, theft, trust, shootings - you name it), are directly related to a livable wage and having the opportunity to earn that wage with dignity. For more on this aspect read Bowling Alone.
If this is the limit of your vision on jobs then this book may not be for you. This book deals more with the psychology and very human need to keep busy, contribute and feel productive.
It then gets into the many ways in which good jobs are disappearing to efficiency, automation, cheaper labor outside the U.S.A. and demand for actual quality items versus cheap "one size fits all" products that can be mass produced.
The way education in the United States plays a role in job readiness but not necessarily life readiness gets a good review.
Shell then gets into several ideas that may, or may not, work to keep Americans employed or innovative or at least not living under a bridge. The summarized recap of ideas starts on page 319.
All in all, a good read or reminder on the benefits of providing Americans a means to go be a part of the workforce and the importance of public and private sectors to find ways to provide them.
Not mentioned was the pride one feels in being able to pay their way by earning a paycheck. Many of societies problems, (drugs, homelessness, health, theft, trust, shootings - you name it), are directly related to a livable wage and having the opportunity to earn that wage with dignity. For more on this aspect read Bowling Alone.
December 18, 2019
Some thoughts:
- The complaint about Microsoft wanting more H1Bs but laying off some people during 2008. I lived through that and it was much more nuanced than she lets on. Large organizations get rid of parts of the business all the time. Many of the Softies ended up back at MSFT in other positions and it really doesn't negate their H1B requests
- Using Glassdoor quotes as sources. Really?!?
- She reads too much into job postings. Everyone knows that job postings are often ridiculous and the vast majority of hires don't check all the boxes in the job postings.
- She seems to feel that education shouldn't take notes from industry on what to teach students. Okay, fine, live in your lovely ivory tower. Universities shouldn't turn into tech trainings schools, but the complete disconnect isn't great either.
- The complaint about Microsoft wanting more H1Bs but laying off some people during 2008. I lived through that and it was much more nuanced than she lets on. Large organizations get rid of parts of the business all the time. Many of the Softies ended up back at MSFT in other positions and it really doesn't negate their H1B requests
- Using Glassdoor quotes as sources. Really?!?
- She reads too much into job postings. Everyone knows that job postings are often ridiculous and the vast majority of hires don't check all the boxes in the job postings.
- She seems to feel that education shouldn't take notes from industry on what to teach students. Okay, fine, live in your lovely ivory tower. Universities shouldn't turn into tech trainings schools, but the complete disconnect isn't great either.
January 7, 2019
In the past decade, there has been a general unease in the world. I think everyone feels this, but have been unable to put it into words.
The author manages to effectively explain the malaise in many modern job environments. Employees don't feel respected, and as such feel a growing pressure to work harder for less money. This race to the bottom removes people of their autonomy and humanity.
The author does not spend much time on solutions, and it's understandably hard to come up with ways to move forward, but something should be done.
As we continue to go to the 21st century, the nature of work is going to be fundamentally different. We won't be building goods in large factories, nor working as part of a union. But we'll need to keep best practices in mind as jobs come and go.
The author manages to effectively explain the malaise in many modern job environments. Employees don't feel respected, and as such feel a growing pressure to work harder for less money. This race to the bottom removes people of their autonomy and humanity.
The author does not spend much time on solutions, and it's understandably hard to come up with ways to move forward, but something should be done.
As we continue to go to the 21st century, the nature of work is going to be fundamentally different. We won't be building goods in large factories, nor working as part of a union. But we'll need to keep best practices in mind as jobs come and go.
July 15, 2022
This book was okay? It might as well have been titled "unions and cooperatives are the way forward." It was like many nonfiction books- contained a lot of information about the subject at hand but not always the most coherently written with a thesis- it jumped around a ton from chapter to chapter and it wasn't always clear why we went from Dayton Ohio to Finland, for example. I'm curious what she has to say about the future of post-COVID work, but as this was published before COVID, there's obviously nothing about it in the book.
April 22, 2019
An exceptionally good overview of the current state (and uncertain future) of work and jobs in the United States. This book is absolutely worth your time if you don't love what you do, if you're worried about the-automation-of-everything, or if you're wondering which governments/businesses/leaders/workers are doing things right.
November 26, 2018
Fascinating look at the current state of work in America. And basically a large body of evidence of why America kind of sucks in terms of working and jobs, no matter how many of them Trump brings back with his “tremendous” presidential acumen.
November 10, 2018
A good survey of the history of work in the United States, particularly the tension between work as a source of meaning and work as a source of labor to profit owners.
March 22, 2019
Short on solutions
January 15, 2020
The point of view not in the macro level, but the facts here very interesting to follow. But the book mainly only describe the facts but not solutions.
October 23, 2020
Un libro che narra dell'eveoluzione del concettop di Lavoro negli Stati uniti, dei rsichi legati all'automazione, e della necessità di sviluppare nuove competenze, a partire dall'educazione.
November 28, 2021
very good practical and informative seriously study of the job, a little more about white collar problems will be the best
December 31, 2019
I loved this book. seems like everybody wants to get in on the "future" of work and a lot of people don't have a lot to say. Others are desperately trying to hang onto the past or overly hyper about their own utopian vision. I really appreciated this author's objectivity. It was well-written and well-researched. i loved reading the specific examples.
Read
January 19, 2019A great, broad analysis of what it's like to work today and why it's become so hard to be satisfied in our jobs.
started-and-dropped
January 25, 2019This is a good book, just a bit dense and not quite what I'm in the mood for right now, plus it's due at the library.
Displaying 1 - 21 of 21 reviews