* Shortlisted for the Victorian Premier's Literary Award for Fiction 2019
* Shortlisted for The Readings Prize for New Australian Fiction 2018
* Listed by Helen Garner (The Age and SMH) as one of her favourite books in 2018
* "In The Fireflies of Autumn: And Other Tales of San Ginese, Giovannoni has taken the myth and the memory of a village and made it into a thing of wonder, which is also in its way a habitation of truth and wisdom." The Saturday Paper, Peter Craven
* "If there is a literature of homesickness, The Fireflies of Autumn will slide in at the top. It is a profound and delicate disclosure of a subject too often simplified, too often made funny. Funny is included, but the beauty of these tales is in the invisible stitching of erudition and the quite breathtaking emotional understanding of what the weight of the word dislocation means in any human life." Helen Elliott, The Monthly.
The Judges' Report for the VPLA
The Fireflies of Autumn is a tough and charming book, with echoes of Gabriel Garcia Marquez and Italo Calvino in its blend of the fantastic, the superstitious, the bawdy and the violent. It’s a collection of interconnected stories – novelistic and written with a refreshing, straightforward sense of humour. It is also, in a sly way, a deeply personal but bracingly unsentimental history of migration - of both its burdens and gains. ‘What if,’ one of the narrators notes early on, ‘after a lifetime you still wonder whether you made a monumental, irreparable mistake by emigrating to Australia?’ Based largely in the Italian village of San Ginese and broken down into a number of sections, we meet a cast of memorable characters such as Tommaso The Killer, The Angel of Sadness, The Imbecile Daughters and The Adulteress. Moving backwards and forwards in time – from World War I to post-World War II and back again – the chronology is as disjointed as memory and offers a comprehensive portrait of the life not only of a particular village but of a generation of Italians who often endured great hardship, especially during the Mussolini years, and dreamed of better lives in America or Australia. There is a wonderful sense of the complexity of the relationships between family members and the other villagers. A sense, in fact, of the village as a single, constantly evolving organism.
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San Ginese is a village where God lingers in people’s minds and many dream of California, Argentina or Australia. Some leave only to return feeling disheartened, wishing they had never come back, some never leave and forever wish they had. The Fireflies of Autumn takes us to the olive groves and piazzas of this little-known Tuscan village. There we meet Bucchione, who was haunted by the Angel of Sadness; Lo Zena, his neighbour, with whom he feuded for forty years; Tommaso the Killer, the Adulteress, the Dead Boy and many others. These are tales of war and migration, feasts and misfortunes – of a people and their place over the course of the twentieth century.
Moreno Giovannoni was born in San Ginese but grew up in a house on a hill, on a tobacco farm at Buffalo River in north-east Victoria. He is a freelance translator of long standing.
“Listen to me and I will tell you a story about the days when there was poverty in San Ginese and we used to go to America to work and make our fortune. I will try to tell it well, with the skilful use of words and some feeling from my heart.” So begins Ugo, and can’t you just hear his voice? Perhaps a little croaky, or raspy, especially when he gets emotional, and you just know it’s going to be something worth listening to.
The Fireflies of Autumn and Other Tales of San Ginese is a collection of short stories by Tuscan-born Australian translator and author, Moreno Giovannoni. Ugo emigrated from San Ginese to Australia in 1957. Where he ended up, he had no extended family around him, and he wondered, when he aged, what would happen to the stories, the Villora folklore, that he grew up with.
They were stories told and retold: in the tavern over sweet coffee laced with rum and garnished with a slice of lemon peel; in the courtyard on summer nights; in the bomb shelter as the whole town waited for it to be over; in the enchanted glade by the babbling brook during the town’s wartime mass exodus.
In his head, he had countless anecdotes about all the quirky characters in the village of Villora, often describing how they got their nickname, or what the effect of their particular eccentricity might be. It’s not a big community: just one hundred and twenty people, so by the end of these tales, you’re familiar with quite a lot of them.
And what a quirky lot they were: imbeciles, a murderer, an adulteress, a thumb-sucker, saintly sisters, promiscuous wives, charitable men, virtuous aunts, lazy priests, a farmer with a strange crop, a wife with a singular appetite; many of them were members of the author’s extended family; truly, you couldn’t make this stuff up!
Ugo’s is a genuine voice, telling tales of resistance and retribution, tales filled with superstition and sensible observations, tales that are sad and funny and sobering. He describes a hard life, a basic life, where any luxuries were sparse and simple. And yet, these tales are so rich in colour, you can taste the pecorino, smell the manure, blink at the dazzling sun in the clear blue sky.
We know that depression in all its incarnations, including post-natal depression, have existed for a long time, they just had different names: back then in Villora, people felt the brush of the wings of the Angel of Sadness.
Giovanonni treats the reader to some superb descriptive prose: “…in the mornings the mist rose out of the dry swamp and floated away into the sky. In the evenings it rolled down from the hills and crawled into the empty spaces between the trees, lay gently on the fields, rolled over onto its back, turning to one side and then the other, holding the entire plain in its ghostly embrace until the world to the east, this side of Porcari, was a dirty grey translucent smudge and the only sign of hope was the sickly pale-yellow halo of the electric light at Baracca tavern…”
All this is contained within a wonderfully evocative cover by Mary Callahan, includes a delightful map by Greg Ure, and has a very handy Dramatis Personae to help keep all those similar names clear in the brain. “It is worth remarking that if these tales had not been written, the people in them and the events that befell them would have faded into boundless oblivion.” For how many other villages in how many other lands would this be true? A marvellous read. This unbiased review from a copy provided by Black Inc.
I finished reading The Fireflies of Autumn three weeks ago, and it is still working away in my mind. Neither short stories nor essays, the tales of the people of San Ginese follow a more traditional form, that of familiar stories told over and again within a small community where everyone knows everyone else and is probably related to them.
Giovannoni's parents were first generation migrants to Australia from a hamlet in Tuscany, part of the village of San Ginese, well off the tourist track, and where the people lived hard, hard, lives. They are peasants, growing grapes, olives, wheat, corn, beans, hay, milk, cows, beef cattle, working cattle, pigs, chickens, rabbits. The work never ended. Most were very poor.
Animal and human excrement were collected, stored, and used in liquid manure for the crops. The hamlets stink. The liquid manure finds its way eventually to the nearby swamp, the air is fetid. This is rural poverty, not in the least romantic and not at all picturesque.
The tales are told by Ugo, aged 90 years, a first generation immigrant to Australia, and probably the author's father, though I remain unsure about which characters are 'real' and their relationships to the author.
Ugo’s Tale opens the book and sets its tone of melancholy, longing and homesickness.
‘Dear Reader, When you leave your homeland, you leave behind the people you know, the people your mother and father knew, your grandfathers and grandmothers, brothers and sisters, cousins, uncles and aunts and neighbours, the people who know who you are immediately because you look like your father. You leave behind the courtyards, the roads, the lanes, the houses, the colours of houses…the colours of houses …the irrigation ditches, ... the stairs, the stones, the dreams that inhabit the stones…, the pots, the rabbits, the chickens ...the cemetery and the language you were born into, that is deep in your heart, and all the things that happened that anyone can remember.
‘Most importantly you leave behind one thousand memories. You embark on a ship in Genoa and disembark on the other side of the world and your life is a clean slate. You cling to a wife or a husband and to the children, if you have them already, or if you can bring some into the world to fill the emptiness.’
Who can you share the memories with?, he asks.
Men went away to America, to find work that would pay enough for them and their families. While they were away, they longed for home. When they came back, as many did, they were all called americanos, regardless of whether they had ben to the USA, Canada, Argentina, Venezuela or even Australia. Not all returned richer, and when they did many missed the life they had lived while away.
Giavannoni's mother was one of those who pined so desperately for San Ginese, that his father took the family back there from Australia. But the father could not find work of the sort he wanted back in Tuscany and they came back to Australia. There were more journeys back and forth over the years.
The phrase The Angel of Sadness is used in the title of one of the stories, about a man called Bucchione. ‘In those days, as always, there were a number of sightings of the Angel of Sadness in San Ginese, and the villagers tried all kinds of strategies to avoid it. Some men ran away to America, scores of them scurrying aboard ships in Genoa, hoping to leave the Angel behind, but when they came back they found it waiting for them at their front doors. A very few, like Paolino, ran away a second time, but even that didn't help…. Whenever he heard the satin whisper of angel wings behind him and felt the air move where there should have been no movement, Bucchione worked harder’.
It's a memorable image.
I've found myself thinking a great deal about the experience of migration, forced or voluntary, as I have for years, on and off. In a society like Australia it's inevitable. About the same time that I read this I read a straightforward memoir by Alice Pung, child of Chinese-Cambodian refugees who settled in Australia in the 1980s. Her family settled in a part of Melbourne where there were many other people of similar backgrounds, and where the Chinese-Cambodian work ethic and cultural norms prevailed. There is no yearning for the old country in this book, but the strains of the pressure for migrants to maintain family traditions and succeed in the new world are enormous - and Pung writes from the point of view of the child who had to carry huge family and work responsibilities as well as achieve academically. It's worth reading too, but doesn't have the ongoing resonance of San Ginese.
Stories of a small Italian Tuscan village where many have migrated or left to find work in the US, Canada or Australia. Some of the tales are humorous, some are of the mundane, others are just plain sad. The writing of each tale is spot on, emotional when needed and a testament to those who migrate, stay or return.
When I was a girl, one of my favourite books was The Little World of Don Camillo by Giovanni Guareschi, translated by Una Vincenzo Troubridge. I still have it, inscribed with my mother’s name and the date, 1960, which means it is one of the very few books that we brought with us to Australia. I loved it because the stories were set in the rural peasant world of Italy after WW2, utterly unlike the urban places I had lived in; because of the humour of the perennial jousts between the Catholic priest and the communist mayor; and because, as the author says on page 15, the people in these stories are true to life and the stories are so true that more than once, after I had written a story, the thing actually happened and one read it in the news. The Fireflies of Autumn is suffused with the same kind of true-to-life nostalgia, but the author has no rose-coloured glasses. San Ginese is in Tuscany, but this is not the tourist Tuscany that we know today. San Ginese is a place so small and off the tourist trail that Trip Adviser’s 10 Best Things to Do in San Ginese are, with the exception of the church, all somewhere else – in Lucca or Capannori or even in Montecarlo. Giovannoni’s Tuscany is a world of grinding poverty and back-breaking labour, a world where the peasants must take shelter from the warring armies of Germany and America, a world where children suffer and die from preventable diseases, and a world where opportunity only comes if you leave the place where you and all your forebears were born. It’s a world where the rustic sexuality is reminiscent of Zola’s The Earth and the women are either madonnas or whores. The tale of ‘The Adulteress’ will either break your heart or fill you with rage at the double standards entrenched by a church that had no feeling for the people it was supposed to serve.
The tales of San Ginese are powerful and evocative. They speak of transatlantic migrations and returns, war and survival, successes and failures. The unique storytelling and wry writing style of Moreno Giovannoni makes them read and feel like a fable. The vicissitudes of the villagers of San Ginese resonate well beyond the Tuscan countryside. In a sense, this migrant tale is unique yet universal and pleasantly familiar (and the way in which the book is organised is original yet captivating). Definitely worth reading.
This was wonderful. A novel about the magic of storytelling, about the importance of stories to migrants... stories about destinations and stories about home. This read like a love letter to San Ginese but didn’t shy away from the suffering of peasant life either. Wry writing style, reads like a fable, and ultimately about the value of lives, no matter how small, and about the longing for a home.
Exquisitely written, I laughed and cried but mostly laughed. Wonderful storytelling. A truly fresh voice in Australian writing. And the stories hold a hand out to the many Italian migrants who make up the tapestry of this country.
“I migranti non giungono mai a destinazione”. Questo concetto viene ripreso nel primo testo, introduttivo, espressamente sottoscritto da Ugo: se si cercano una mappa o delle foto di San Ginese, ci si imbatte in esse, ma il paese non lo si troverà mai, così come anche chi è rimasto (non è emigrato), scompare e diventa irraggiungibile.
Il testo:
Nella finzione narrativa, la voce narrante appartiene a Ugo, un anziano italo-australiano nato nel 1927 in un paesino toscano di circa 120 anime chiamato San Ginese e poi emigrato in Australia nel 1957 all’età di trent’anni.
Ugo è consapevole di non essere uno scrittore e, malgrado la sua conoscenza dell’italiano non sia più buona come un tempo, ha sentito il bisogno di scrivere nella lingua dei suoi antenati. Si è poi rivolto a un traduttore esperto per trasporre in inglese questi racconti che in alcuni casi sono pervenuti a Ugo da altri e anche già in forma scritta, di modo che ci troviamo di fronte a una pluralità di voci. (Quando ci si riferisce a Ugo, la voce narrante lo fa di conseguenza in terza persona.)
Lo scopo ultimo di questa narrazione è preservare la memoria di queste persone e vicende e sottrarle all’oblio.
Si tratta di una raccolta di racconti / leggende “orali”, risapute e tramandate e aventi come oggetto i vari abitanti del paese (inclusi i loro progenitori e discendenti), quindi alla fine è come se si trattasse di un romanzo, diviso in capitoli, con il tempo della narrazione che va avanti e indietro, e lo spazio che si estende all’America e all’Australia.
Il testo è scritto in un inglese molto semplice seppur corretto, il che riflette la vita semplice dei personaggi contadini e il carattere universale delle loro vicende private.
Tre puntini all’interno di un singolo racconto-capitolo separano diversi momenti temporali nelle vite dei personaggi. I capitoli sono a loro volta raccolti in macro-capitoli / sezioni, ciascuna con un proprio titolo.
Alcune battute ed espressioni, parole, appaiono in italiano ma sono quasi sempre accompagnate da una traduzione. (Tuttavia, verso la fine del libro, viene riprodotto senza traduzione un documento medievale in latino, riguardante la gestione della chiesa locale.)
Fra le pagine, ci imbattiamo in una utile mappa di San Ginese, alcune foto e scansioni di documenti.
“Dramatis Personae”, a conclusione del volume, presenta una lista dei principali personaggi/familiari, divisi per linea paterna e materna, talvolta nemmeno nominati in precedenza.
Il titolo fa riferimento all’artiglieria degli eserciti tedesco e americano che si fronteggiano dai colli vicini, con in mezzo il paese. Le vere lucciole nascono e muoiono presto nella bella stagione, mentre lo scemo del villaggio, Nello, va in giro a dire che sono tornate d’autunno.
Personaggi principali / trama:
Vitale: padre di Ugo, a 24 anni va in California per cercare lavoro. Episodio del cavallo Percheron, i cui pensieri pure vengono esposti. Fa una discreta fortuna in America, il che gli permette una volta tornato al paese di comprare terre e mantenere la sua grande famiglia.
Tista: figlio di Genesio, padre di Vitale, nonno di Ugo. Tista si reca all’estero per primo dal paese, arriva a New York a inizio Novecento e prende un treno per la California, dove va ad insegnare agli americani come si fa il vino. È il primo “americano” di tanti (emigrati in ogni parte del mondo e poi rientrati in Italia). In America, capisce che a San Ginese eri sempre solo chi eri, mentre in America sei sempre qualcun altro. Accoglie un pellegrino muto e gli dà un tetto e da lavorare; in un secondo tempo, questo comincia a parlare e subisce pure un processo per frode, poi lascia il paese portando con sé la fortuna che i paesani speravano avrebbe donato al paese con la sua presenza. Assieme alla moglie, si dimostra particolarmente affettuoso nei confronti del nipotino Ugo.
Liduina e Mariella: le due “imbecilli”, sorelle, le più povere del villaggio, specialmente dopo che i loro genitori, bellissimi, le abbandonano per andare a cercare fortuna in America (dove ebbero altri figli, belli e sani), lasciandole con la loro zia zitella, che se ne prende cura fino alla sua morte.
Tommaso, Giovannoni (come la maggior parte dei compaesani e l’esperto traduttore…), soprannominato l’Assassino, in America viene derubato di una forte somma dal suo ex migliore amico, Folaino, il quale torna al paese ricco tre mesi prima di Tommaso. Costui viene seguito nel suo cammino fino in centro a San Ginese da una folla che si aspetta di vederlo andare subito da Folaino per chieder conto del denaro rubato. Invece, si presenterà alla sua porta e gli sparerà soltanto dopo 20 anni, passati, a differenza di Folaino, senza moglie, figli e denari. Famose resteranno le parole pronunciate davanti al giudice: “Ho fatto quello che dovevo fare, né più né meno”.
Il Chioccino (da chioccia, per la sua grassezza): assistente prete, ingordo e gran bevitore, va a benedire le cipolle di Vitale e si ferma a pranzo e fino a sera; alla fine, cade e rimane incastrato in un cesto. Il prete vero e proprio invece era noto, come la maggior parte degli altri religiosi, per andare a letto con la perpetua e approfittarsi di altre donne e persino neo spose secondo un’usanza feudale.
Giuseppe Giovannoni, inizialmente chiamato Bucchia: figlio di Paolino, un paesano sfortunato che per sfuggire all’Angelo della Tristezza aveva tentato per ben due volte la fortuna in America, invano. Malaticcio da bambino per via dell’aria insalubre, grazie alle visite al mare di Viareggio, si rimette e cresce alto e dalla forza leggendaria, indi per cui il soprannome Bucchione. Visto il destino del padre, non andrà mai più in là della Corsica in cerca di lavoro e terrà sempre a bada l’Angelo della Tristezza buttandosi a capofitto nel lavoro.
Iose, dal vicino paese di Centoni, va in sposa a Bucchione. Soprannominata la Mangiatrice di Farina, dato il suo rifiuto di mangiare altro, anche lei cercherà di tener a bada la tristezza con il lavoro, inizialmente nei campi, poi il lavoro a maglia, ma soprattutto dopo la nascita dei figli sarà sempre più preda della tristezza.
Gemma Giovannoni, sorella di Bucchione, detta Galgani dal cognome di un’altra Gemma (una santa), in quanto a sua volta considerata particolarmente buona e naturalmente contenta, cosa che lei attribuiva al fatto di non avere un’immagine riflessa. Anche i compaesani finiscono per convincersi di ciò, tanto che nel testo è soprannominata la Ragazza senza l’Immagine Riflessa. Vista l’inettitudine di Iose come madre e padrona di casa, si occuperà lei della famiglia del fratello, da zitella.
Metà villaggio era emigrato in America a cercare fortuna, alcuni trovandola e altri invece tornando a mani vuote a San Ginese. La maggior parte di quelli che tornavano maledivano la nave che li aveva riportati al paese, nella miseria e immersi nei miasmi del letame. A prescindere, chiunque lasciava la patria era come se fosse un albero a cui fossero state recise metà delle radici, incapace di trarre sufficiente nutrimento, sempre in pericolo di collassare al minimo colpo di vento. Dato che l’America aveva chiuso le frontiere, Ugo, che non aveva a sufficienza di che mantenere la moglie e il figlioletto, scrisse al Canada e all’Australia: questa aveva bisogno disperato di manodopera e gli rispose subito, di conseguenza egli si mise in viaggio, in un giorno in cui aveva nevicato abbondantemente.
Bucchione, comunista con il simbolo della falce e martello dipinto dietro la porta, antifascista e anticlericale, fa tuttavia buon viso a cattivo gioco, accogliendo calorosamente e offrendo da bere e da mangiare ai fascisti del paese che bussano alla sua porta per un’ispezione. Anche dopo la fine della guerra – che era convinto avrebbe risparmiato San Ginese in quanto letteralmente un posto di merda – rimase della propria idea che non si dovessero biasimare i soldati italiani per la loro presunta codardia: infatti, per lui, al primo posto viene la necessità di proteggere e preservare la propria famiglia dagli oppressori, di cui Mussolini non era stato se non uno fra tanti nel corso della storia. Contrariamente a quanto credeva Bucchione, la guerra arrivò a San Ginese, con bombardamenti che costringevano la popolazione a rifugiarsi in una grotta (in fondo alla quale le vedove e i giovani non sposati si abbandonavano ai piaceri della carne). Un tedesco che voleva requisire una mucca venne ammazzato (dal Succhiatore) con un badile e nascosto nel letame. Quando, in rappresaglia, i tedeschi ormai quasi in ritirata saccheggiarono ulteriormente il paese, Bucchione decise di lasciarlo in cerca di un rifugio sicuro fino alla conclusione della guerra. I paesani, che malgrado tutto si fidavano del suo giudizio, decisero di aggregarsi e lasciarono indietro soltanto Julio l’Orfano: costui, che non aveva più nessuno che si curasse di lui, rimase a dar da mangiare agli animali che non si potevano portar via.
Capeggiati da Bucchione, i Sanginesini si mettono in cammino fuori dal paese e, con una pausa in un villaggio vicino, alla fine arrivano, stanchi, alla Radura Incantata e al Ruscello Gorgogliante, vicino a un villaggio di nome Compito. I paesani, si dice, avevano tre scopi principali nella vita: lavorare, mangiare e dormire con le persone a cui volevano bene. Si addormentano per terra all’interno di un mulino, nascosto alla vista dall’alto dalle fronde di alberi centenari. Durante la permanenza, presto si dimenticano quasi della guerra e non vorrebbero abbandonare questo luogo, dedicandosi a giocare a carte, dormire, fornicare, cantare e ballare, raccontare storie la sera attorno ai fuochi, come quella del furto dei carri o ancora l'apparizione di un folletto una notte d’estate alla madre di Vitale e ai suoi figli piccoli mentre tornavano al paese. Alla fine, trascorsa una settimana, dopo un discorso di Bucchione, decidono di ritornare al paese dove sono nati e cresciuti.
Finita la guerra, ogni avvenimento fu ricordato in paese come avvenuto prima, dopo o durante la guerra. Dopo aver ascoltato i compaesani discutere per ore sulle conseguenze della guerra, Nello l’Idiota proclamò che c’erano 12 conseguenze della guerra, le quali vengono esposte dal narratore e riguardano principalmente le vite dei paesani.
Il Visitatore (verosimilmente l’autore-traduttore e, in questo caso, anche la voce narrante) è nato a San Ginese ma cresciuto in Australia. Quasi sicuramente figlio di Ugo. Da giovane tornò in Italia per frequentare il liceo e poi l’università. Molto tempo dopo il suo rientro in Australia, trascorre dei soggiorni brevi in paese, camminando in lungo e in largo per ore come un turista, cercando i nomi di persone, sia vive sia morte (nei cimiteri), di piante e di erbe. In una di queste visite, viene salutato dalla finestra dall’anziana Adultera, vedova di Succhiatore (del proprio pollice da bambino, tanto che divenne piatto), fratello di Ugo. Succhiatore l’aveva ripudiata e portata davanti al giudice per una presunta infedeltà, mentre lui la tradiva a ogni piè sospinto, salvo in un secondo tempo riprenderla in casa come serva, disprezzata, per curare i figli e mandare avanti la casa.
Derì, figlio mai apprezzato abbastanza dal padre reduce della Grande Guerra, sempre vestito bene, donnaiolo, si limita a sognare l’America al cinema e a cantare malinconico “Signorinella”. Alla fine, dopo aver rovinato qualche ragazza, si sposa con una bionda sensuale e frivola, inadatta per l’emigrazione oltreoceano. Durante la Cena del Maiale, ubriaco, si mette a gridare che la sua intera vita è stata sabotata. Alla fine, proprio il suo cuore, l’organo che aveva sempre considerato il più importante nella sua vita, lo tradirà e morirà di infarto.
Il Ragazzo Morto è chiamato così perché si tratta di un amico e compagno di giochi/avventure del Visitatore, morto prematuramente. Si erano frequentati ai tempi in cui erano entrambi ragazzini e poi giovanotti, ma successivamente non si erano più visti a causa della lunga assenza del Visitatore dal paese. Per via della sua balbuzie e conseguente difficoltà nella scuola e a relazionarsi con gli altri, sarà una delusione per il pragmatico padre muratore e finirà per alternare debolezza a scatti di vitalità delinquenziale, in cui trascinerà il gregario Visitatore. Questo avrà il destino di “tradire” anche il suo compagno di marachelle, trovandosi una ragazza in giro per l’Europa prima e poi tornando in pianta stabile in Australia. Di conseguenza, il Ragazzo Morto, che viene detto essere “presente” alla penosa e commovente visita del Visitatore ai genitori del defunto, è l’ennesima persona che il Visitatore aveva conosciuto brevemente e a cui non ha fatto in tempo a dire addio, andata a ingrossare le file delle tombe nei cimiteri del villaggio.
Ugo e il fratello Succhiatore cadono preda di un Desiderio Anagrafico / curiosità ancestrale e cercano di scovare negli archivi della chiesa gli antenati di Genesio (il loro bisnonno), ma invano. Più recentemente, anche il Visitatore impiega parte di una sua visita al paese per ricostruire la storia di San Ginese, sin dai tempi in epoca medievale in cui aveva un altro nome ed era un centro importante dal punto di vista ecclesiastico. È qui che si riporta integralmente un testo in latino, per chi lo conosce o comunque prova piacere a vederlo/leggerlo/pronunciarlo (un po’ come l’italiano per chi non è madrelingua italiano). Il Visitatore prende atto di alcune verità, fra cui il fatto che ormai degli originari abitanti non è rimasto praticamente nessuno, e che in controtendenza semmai si trovano una famiglia albanese e un bambino marocchino.
Tommaso G. (Giovannoni? Ma continuo a pensare che l’autore sia figlio di Ugo): della provincia di Campobasso, una zona dove anticamente si compivano sacrifici umani, poi sostituiti con l’usanza che i giovani se ne andassero alla ricerca di nuove terre. Al pari di Ugo, nel 1957 lascia l’Italia alla volta dell’Australia, più precisamente Port Kembla in New South Wales, per lavorare in una acciaieria. Con Ugo diventano compari presso la stessa affittacamere: Tommaso cucina per due, aiuta e sostiene Ugo in un momento difficile in cui gli mancavano la moglie e il figlioletto. Quanto alla promessa sposa di Tommaso, Luciana, questa muore di infarto prima di raggiungerlo: uno scherzo del destino e una specie di sacrificio umano come da tradizione delle sue parti.
Moses: un italiano del Settentrione, timido, emigrato in Australia con un figlio malaticcio (a differenza della moglie e della figlia, pratiche e piene di vita), che ben presto morirà, spezzandogli il cuore. Forse se fossero rimasti nell’aria salubre della loro terra natìa il figlio si sarebbe rimesso. “Se non ti piace qui, puoi sempre tornare da dove vieni”, ripetevano gli australiani. Tornato sulle sue montagne, Moses chiederà conto a Dio delle sue sofferenze e gli dirà che è stanco e che vuole ricongiungersi col suo bambino adorato.
Il lamento del migrante: gli emigrati italiani in Australia perdono la propria patria, la propria lingua, persino i nomi (che vengono anglicizzati), faticano a inserirsi e a trovare amici al di fuori della ristretta comunità italiana. Rassicurano i parenti rimasti dicendo che in Australia c’è un sacco di lavoro e magari fingono di essere diventati più benestanti di quel che non sono. L’unica cosa che possono fare è lavorare e quindi lavorano. Ma dentro di loro sanno che la vita non è solo lavoro… Gli australiani li prendono in giro e li disprezzano. Quelli che tornano fanno fatica a reinserirsi, si annoiano, la distanza fa rimpianger loro l’Australia. Alla fine non sono più né carne né pesce e vorrebbero non esser mai partiti. Chi non ritorna vorrebbe farlo ma sa che ormai è troppo tardi…
Il Traduttore (verosimilmente lo stesso che il Visitatore): ritorna per la prima volta a San Ginese a 12 anni, dopo essere emigrato in Australia con la madre quando aveva 2 anni. Ha scordato tutto dei luoghi e delle persone, malgrado la madre abbia cercato di tenere vive in lui delle storie, le quali gli hanno semmai infuso una nostalgia di casa latente che comprenderà solo una volta raggiunta la mezza età.
Fireflies of Autumn by Moreno Giovannoni was a rewarding read for me. A collection of stories about San Ginese, the Italian village where the author’s family originates, I felt drawn into that world from the very first page. These are true stories, but told in a way that feels almost timeless, like sitting around a kitchen table and hearing them passed down through generations. What I loved most was how vividly Giovannoni brings rural Italian life to the page — the details of the land, the humour and stubbornness of the people, the quiet tragedies and small joys that make up their days. Each story felt very human, often tender, and sometimes heartbreaking, sometimes rough. There’s a raw honesty in the way he writes that stayed with me. I admit there were times I struggled to keep track of who was doing what, as the voices and stories sometimes blurred together. But in the end, that didn’t really matter. The atmosphere, the humanity, and the sense of community were what carried me through, and I found myself lingering on certain images and moments even after I had finished the book. This is a book that made me reflect not only on village life in Tuscany but also on the universal experiences of love, hardship, and resilience. I give it 4 stars because it moved me deeply, and I’d recommend it to anyone who enjoys stories rooted in memory, history, and the everyday lives of ordinary people.
Thanks to lockdown I have had time to spend in San Ginese, Tuscany. I visited Tuscany once nearly 40 years ago, my memories centre on Florence and unfortunately remember little of the actual countryside. This is a book about remembrances. The small villages where every house has a story of who lived there and their descendants. But more than that these are the tales of a way of life, how a man needs a woman to look after him, and why women run away, among many other observations. Some of these tales are full of sorrow and the images will stay with me. The German soldier who is killed with a pitchfork, the percheron horse and those children who were afflicted and seemingly left to fend for themselves. It is full of migrant stories of those who left to make their fortune and who were expected to return. This forms a different expectation to other migrant stories who had the attitude of never looking back. The strong ties to family and culture never let go and in the case of the author reassert themselves in later life. Perhaps it is the perspective of having lived experiences of much love, pain and joy that gives people the sense of wondering and looking back. A lot of these tales are constructed like a fable, which are not designed to have a moral, but to give a basic sense of what happened. Thanks to the author for persisting in bringing these tales to life.
3.5 stars. Most of the book is told as stories of a small town in Italy, with the familiarity, kind of raucous and sometimes pointless story telling (the stories are the point). The last section changes tone quite dramatically, and that tonal shift really made the book sing. The final section drives home how wistful those stories are and what it means to have a home that you’ve never really lived in:
“She staunched the bleeding of memories with her stories but bequeathed him a deep, slow-burning homesickness that brought an ache into his bones that never eased and the source of which he did not comprehend until he was old.”
Several people spoke highly of this book. Stories from a rural Italian village, somewhere in Tuscany. Where many people moved back and forward between US and Australia and the village. I am ambivalent....lovely, gentle stories about the role of people, the community, the acceptance and gentle mockery. Slow paced, intimate and observant. But by half way, it had lost my interest. The pace, characters and place were all the same......and it became boring. Someone would have some form of disfigurement, a nickname based on that, and there would be no work or money.
Strange and beautiful. It took me a while to find my feet. The quality of the writing would suggest that it's fiction yet the quality of the story would suggest that it's memoir. I think it's both. I read it slowly, needing to allow pieces to settle. I've finished it while thinking of the way dust dances incandescently in the sunlight through window on a still day, so much an ordinary part of life and yet so beautiful in the moment.
This was a decent enough read about a time when people looked out for each other. Everyone in the village knew everyone's business but this was not seen as nosiness but just taking care of each other and their families. There are always know-alls, blaggards and bullies in every city, town and workplace and these are not the people you want to be around as they have no respect for others. In this story there are more of the good people around, so making this a lovely book to read.
I wanted to enjoy this book as the premise sounded interesting but it was just too boring and difficult to keep up with the names of all the characters and their relationship to each other. Got to about three quarters through and decided I was wasting precious reading time.
Fun winsome stories. The Fireflies of Autumn are the bombs that go off during the war. Does make you consider what you miss from your childhood. What I miss about Japan. And the people who remember you, but you don't remember them.
I liked the idea of this book more than the actual book. I got a sense of place but not really the people - the descriptions of people was superficial.
The Fireflies of Autumn (Black Inc 2018) is a novel that is a compendium of stories by Moreno Giovannoni, all set in the area of San Ginese in Italy. The epithet reads: Migrants never arrive at their destination, and the stories revolve around generations of families from this small community, and the journeys they make to other countries and back again. This could be a book of fables, or fairytales; it is a book filled with magic realism and auspicious events and sinister portents and wondrous events. San Ginese is a God-fearing village filled with a community of interconnected characters. There is a map at the beginning of the book that shows places in relation to other places, and an index at the back that explains people’s relations or connections to others. Many of the characters dream of escaping, to Australia or America or Argentina. Some do, but regret their decision. Some never leave but also never relinquish their yearning for somewhere different. Some leave and then come back, and wonder why they ever left in the first place. In the piazzas of this village, and amongst the olive groves and the farms and the orchards, we meet an extraordinary cast of eccentric and memorable characters. The chapter headings give you an idea of the whimsical nature of the stories within: Tista and the Mute; Tommaso the Killer; The Imbeciles and the Fig Tree; The Flour-Eater and the Girl Without a Reflection; the Angel of Sadness; the Enchanted Glade and the Babbling Brook; The Adulteress; The Dead Boy. Over the course of a hundred years or more, through wars and peacetime, feasts and famine, fortunes made and lost, migrations, lovers and sinners and poverty and abundance and myths and legends and superstitions and the daily drudgery of everyday life, these wonderful characters come alive in a heady mix of language, mysticism, adventures and dreams, told in a beautifully evocative tale of place, permanence, history, risk-taking, family and community.
The Fireflies of Autumn is a collection of stories from the village of San Ginese in Tuscany, Italy. It is loosely centred on the Giovannoni family, particularly the male genealogy, which share a surname with the book’s author. The stories then, interspersed with photos, are not completely fictional.
We read about how the Sanginesini survived the Second World War, how the village’s men sought economic fortunes in new worlds, and much about daily life for the village peasants. The stories are sometimes funny, sometimes sad, and sometimes like fables, but without clear morality.
As much as the stories are about a village, they are more about the experience of migration, the “one thousand memories” abandoned. One of the book’s characters (and probably the author) left San Ginese when they were two, before they could lay down memory. He has spent much of his adult life trying to recover these, and deal with the aching homesickness he feels.
Sprinkled with Italian, I learned quite a few concepts that we don’t have words for in English: miseria, a plant named for the misery of migration; ohimé, an utterance to express physical or spiritual dejection; and veglia, the time “when people stay awake with each other by the fire”.
Having just read Elena Ferante’s My Brilliant Friend, I enjoyed the overlap in time (that book starting around the time this book ends) and the variety of Italian experience. It reminded me lots of the stories my grandparents told me, and how reluctant I was to hear them at the time, now wishing they were recorded somewhere. I also moved from ‘home’ (only a hundred kilometres or so, and still within the same country, and able to return) but this book reminded me strongly of that experience.
I loved reading Giovannoni's book. And especially the style of his writing. I found it earthy, rustic and very nostalgic. I felt envious of the warmth he felt towards the people of San Ginese. The writer, who was born in San Ginese but spent most of his life in Australia, felt such a strong connection with that small Italian community. The connection is in his genes, passed by his father and his mother. I am a migrant myself. However, I was born in a communist country which I hated and, in my late 20's fled in mid 1980's. I would love to feel about my childhood country the way Giovannoni feels about the Tuscan village. I have just spent a month in Italy this year and, I must admit, I felt there very much at home, with no emotional baggage I carry when I visit my childhood country . I loved the warmth, the generosity of people and the strong sense of community among Italians. And I admired the effort they make to preserve of what's left from the old, simple life times. I'm looking forward to the author's next book.
The first book picked up at the Writer's Week in Adelaide 2019. Mr Giovannoni was on a panel with 2 South African writers called Journeys and Place. He writes of leaving and returning home as it were. This is a memoir as told by his father growing up in his small Tuscan village in central Italy during WWII. It is told in vignettes around many characters in his village, friends, family and acquaintances. It is about people who traveled to America, Australia and beyond made their fortunes or failed and returned. It is about those who left and never returned nor were heard from again. The migrants lament meant that "the lack of language meant we were lost. So many ways to get lost. Lose your language, lose your name, lose your village." This was a lovely read and each chapter and character made me want to know the next. One very poignant quote is in the chapter called The Adulteress. "This is the woman people say has not yet died because she has forgotten to."
This is one of the most original pieces of story telling that I've read for a long time. It's a series of interconnected stories of people from a small Tuscan village during the trying decades of the 20th century - covering immigration to America and Australia, World War 2 and the nature of live in close-knit communities. The style is lyrical and whimsical but not in a cute way. There are tough stories and sad stories but all of them engaging.
A beautiful beautiful read. .The 12 consequences of war story was moving and humorous ...describing those who are self absorbed (and think their shit don't stink) "Aveva la camica che non glintovacca il cult { his shirtails did not touch his arse} "....says it all !!