This book is a somewhat theoretical guide to the concept of a "neighborhood" and what it might mean today. The part of the book that I found most interesting was Talen's focus on midcentury attempts to create "neighborhood units"- little neighborhoods centered around schools and shops. Neighborhood unit planning was centered around a good idea- that shops and other facilities should be within walking distance of houses. But as Talen pointed out, this sort of planning sometimes got a lot wrong, especially in the United States. Residential streets were often cul-de-sacs, making it difficult to walk from one house to the other. Commercial streets were designed for cars first and pedestrians last, making it difficult to walk to shops. Many neighborhoods were simply not large or dense enough to support shopping; as a result, huge chunks of land were zoned for nothing but housing, making it impossible for most people to walk to shops and schools.
Today, people in car-oriented areas can drive a few miles to shops, and people in pedestrian-oriented areas can get a lot of goods online. So why is "neighborhood" even a useful concept today? Talen responds that a neighborhood "provides a framework for other urban interventions." Naming a neighborhood "fosters a sense of identity and ownership" thus making it easier for people to collectively improve it, or to resist others' misguided attempts to do so.