GROUP NO. - 34 NAME OF GROUP MEMBERS - 1. JITESH KADIAN 2. DEEPA RATHI 3. CHITWAN CHITWAN 4. DIVYA BIST 5. GARIMA GUPTA 6. BRIJENDRA YADAV
NAME OF BOOK – FACTFULL NESS AUTHOR NAME – HANS ROSLING
The Hans Rosling was a prolific and dynamic individual who had a peculiar perspective towards the world. He not only believed it, but also had data to prove to everyone, how bleak our view of the world is and how important it is to change such perspective. Dr. Rosling addressed the human tendency that refuses to see true progress and relies on the vicious cycle of blame and negativity. He discussed the societal mindset including that of educated as well as highly educated individuals, about technology, lifestyle, population, poverty, education, health, climate change and environment. The data of the true statistical progress when compared with the data of perceived information shows the gap in the true knowledge. He shared personal anecdotes to contextualize his books and his view of the world, which fits perfectly his narrative style. Bill Gates greatly appreciated his book and we agree with him when he calls the book “an indispensible guide to thinking clearly about the world”. Dr. Rosling refused to be called an optimist when he presents his view of the world and emphasizes that he is a ‘possibilist’. The name of the book “Factfullness: Ten Reasons We’re Wrong About the World-and why Things are Better than you Think”, suggests the readers and everyone else to be more aware about progress and development by enlightening ourselves with true information and knowledge.
Using a fact based worldview, Dr. Rosling urged the readers to test their own perspectives and instincts to prove the gap in the reality and public knowledge. It shows us that education is not the key to have a true perspective of the world and the trajectory of progress has not been in sync with such perceptions. The common bifurcation of the west or developed countries versus the rest or developing countries is strongly refuted by Dr. Rosling as an outdated concept. There are many comparison charts that prove that this bifurcation although used very commonly, is very easily misinterpreted globally causing a skewed public mindset. This book not only presents irrefutable arguments for progress against the negative beliefs of common public but also charts the development statistically to show how humans are selective in perceiving information and would rather follow the “straight line instinct”. This is beautifully illustrated with the help of world population growth curve, which shows the true nature of its trajectory and the curve that is perceived by educated people. A similar study with infant mortality rate is done while comparing data from different countries, which to our own surprise made us see things in a completely different light.
Fear is one of the most inherent emotions in humans and the fear of loss is an unbeatable instinct in humans as pointed out by Dr. Rosling. Fear is the cause of many misconceptions about reality and may lead to blame others for certain situations or incidents, which again skews the perception of public at large. The idea of natural disasters, disease, terrorism, war and conflict invokes fear in people, many time such fear is facilitated by media or the government as discussed by Dr. Rosling earlier with the concept of selective information. This makes the human follow a single perspective instinct and over reliance on media is the biggest cause. The large number of victims to such tragedies is another cause for mass hysteria and opinions regarding or against certain communities, organizations or countries at large. This is the reason for dissipation of misinformation and the cycle of staying misinformed continues. Then the issue of generalization is also addressed by Dr. Rosling and the tendency of humans to think and react in a certain way in which they been conditioned to do so. Pre-conditioned mindsets seek to see similarities in things they aren’t familiar and generalize or categorize them but it’s important to understand that such generalizations cannot be compartmentalized into watertight tanks. There is also exceptional and diverse uniqueness worldwide which should not be perceived on pre-conceived notions of generalization Thus Dr. Rosling urged all to be open to new information and broaden the scope of one’s understanding of the world. He also emphasizes on updating knowledge and keeping track of miniscule and gradual improvements.
Dr. Rosling discussed the idea of holistic solutions that are inclusive to all issues and circumstances and how a single solution to a problem is not the best way out. It is detrimental to not depend on simple solutions as they may have theoretical rationale, but may not be applicable in practicality. Experts or government officials or non-profit organization or individuals may suggest these solutions, but if they are not of holistic nature and does not take every small issue into account, the problem would not be resolved. This may bring about public resentment or the human instinct of blame. The blame game is a tricky business because everyone wants to protect their interests while blaming others for any shortcomings. Therefore as discussed earlier, we don’t just need educated people but aware and informed individuals who can have a clear perspective of situations and reality. There has to be a mutual point of intersection between all different communities and people to devise a inclusive solutions to issues pertaining society whether it be issues such as refugee crisis, foreigners, climate change, technology or traditional practices.
In the final chapters Dr. Rosling discussed the urgency instinct of humans, which leads to ignorance towards actually concerning issues. He encouraged everyone through his work to bring ‘factfullness’ in practice by education, business, journalism and governance to have a better sense of the worldview and awareness about the current global scenario.